中

垩

Unicode: U+57A9

Pinyin: è

Definition

* 白土，泛指可用来涂饰的土。 白～（通称"白土子"。亦称"大白"）。 * 用白土涂饰。 ～墙。～墁。～室（用白土涂刷的房子，古代孝子在父母去世第十一个月祭于家庙后所居）

holy, sacred, sage; simplification of 堊 chalk; daub with chalk

Structure

垩 graph

Related substructures

V0fX8a8z KBoFIjs8

Precursors

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
43_EC1143_EC1243_EC1343_EC14
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EEE533_EEE733_EEE833_EEE633_EEE433_EEE333_EEEA33_EEE933_EEED33_EEEB33_EEEC33_EEF333_EEEE33_EEEF33_EEF433_EEF033_EEF133_EEF2
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
53_E82653_E82753_E82853_E82953_E82A53_E82B53_E82C53_E82D53_E82E53_E82F53_E83057_EC3657_EC3757_EC3857_EC3957_EC3A57_EC3B57_EC3C57_EC3D57_EC3E57_EC3F57_EC4057_EC6257_EC6357_EC6457_EC4157_EC4257_EC4357_EC4457_EC4557_EC4657_EC4757_EC4857_EC4957_EC4A57_EC4B57_EC4C57_EC4D57_EC4E57_EC4F57_EC8957_EC8C57_EC8B57_EC9057_EC8D57_EC8A57_EC8F57_EC8857_EC6D57_EC7057_EC7157_EC6F57_EC7257_EC5B57_EC5C57_EC5F57_EC6157_EC5D57_EC5E57_EC6057_EC5157_EC5257_EC5057_EC5357_EC5457_EC5557_EC5757_EC5657_EC7357_EC5A57_EC5857_EC5957_EC8457_EC8E57_EC9157_EC9257_EC8057_EC8157_EC8257_EC8357_EC7F57_EC7757_EC7857_EC7957_EC7A57_EC7B57_EC7C57_EC7D57_EC7E57_EC7457_EC7557_EC7657_EC6557_EC6657_EC6857_EC6757_EC6957_EC6A57_EC6B57_EC6E57_EC6C57_EC8657_EC8557_EC8757_EC93
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EC3671_EC3771_EC38
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_580A
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E594

Last Modified: 2026-01-29 11:48 UTC