附
Definition
* 另外加上，随带着。 ～体。～件。～带（ａ．另外有所补充的；ｂ．非主要的）。～庸。～会（ａ．把不相关连的事勉强拉到一起，如"牵强～～"；ｂ．组织文章、布局谋篇、命意修辞等创作活动，如"精思～～，十年乃成"）。～赘悬疣。 * 同意，赞同。 随声～和。～议。 * 捎带："一男～书至"。 * 靠近。 ～近。～耳低言。 * 依从。 依～。归～。趋炎～势
adhere to, append; rely on near to
Structure
Related substructures
Precursors
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
Liushutong Seal Forms
Pre-Qin to Han seal-type forms (≤220 CE) / compiled 1661 (Min Qiji); collated and printed 1720 (Bi Hongshu)
A ten-volume compendium of seal-script variants arranged by the rhymes of Hongwu Zhengyun: each head character gives its Shuowen small seal form, then variants gathered from guwen, zhouwen, bronze inscriptions and Qin–Han seals. Long a standard reference for seal carvers, but the forms are compiled rather than excavated and were collected with little vetting, so many are of doubtful authenticity.Wikimedia Commons ->