中

CyxjChBM

436 CyxjChBM

Related structures

3 HIIl4dmD 1060 Lhyx7ZPl
401 鶉 U+9D89 tuán chún

chún:* 鸟名。古称羽毛无斑者为鹌，有斑者为鹑，后混称鹌鹑。 * 传说中的赤凤。 * 星宿名。南方朱鸟七宿的总称。 * 鹑衣的简称。比喻破烂的衣服。 * 通"醇"。纯美。 tuán:* 同"鷻"。即雕

quail; Turnix species (various)

Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_F4A991_F4AA91_F4AB91_F4AC
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E45B
402 鹑 U+9E51 tuán chún

chún:* 鸟名。古称羽毛无斑者为鹌，有斑者为鹑，后混称鹌鹑。 * 传说中的赤凤。 * 星宿名。南方朱鸟七宿的总称。 * 鹑衣的简称。比喻破烂的衣服。 * 通"醇"。纯美。 tuán:* 同"鷻"。即雕

quail; Turnix species (various)

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E45B
403 亸 U+4EB8 duǒ

* 下垂："～袖垂髫，风流秀曼"

read aloud, recite, chant; droop

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F0D1
404 嚲 U+56B2 duǒ

* 下垂："～袖垂髫，風流秀曼"

read aloud, recite, chant; droop

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F0D1
405 孑 U+5B51 jié

* 单独，孤单。 ～然一身。茕茕～立。～遗生物（活化石）。 * 〔～孓〕蚊的幼虫。通称"跟头虫"。 * 古同"戟"，古代兵器名

remaining, left-over; lonely

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5B51
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_ED14
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_EEC885_EEC9
406 漷 U+6F37 huǒ huò kuò

huǒ:* 〔～县〕村镇名，在中国北京市通县。 huò:* 水势相激貌。 kuò:* 〔～水〕今中国山东省南沙河的古称，源出滕州市，入运河

river in Hebei province

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6F37
407 吼 U+543C hǒu

* 兽大声叫。 ～叫。狮～。 * 人在激怒时的呼喊。 大～。 * （风、汽笛、大炮等）发出巨大的声响。 ～鸣

roar, shout; bark, howl

408 鞹 U+97B9 kuò

* 古同"鞟"："乃使吏～其拳。"

skin

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_97B9
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F41081_F41181_F41281_F41381_F41481_F41581_F41681_F41781_F418
409 潺 U+6F7A chán

* 〔～～〕ａ．水缓流的样子；ｂ．象声词，溪水、泉水流动的声音。 * 〔～湲〕ａ．河水慢慢流的样子；ｂ．涕泪横流的样子

sound of flowing water

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6F7A
410 㗥 U+35E5 kuò

* 拼音kuò。敲击声

sound of striking, slow expiration of the breath, a deep sign

411 鵓 U+9D53 bó

* 见"鹁"

species of pigeon

412 鹁 U+9E41 bó

* 〔～鸪〕鸟，羽毛黑褐色，俗称"水鸪鸪"；亦称"鹁姑"、"鹁鸠"。 * （鵓）

species of pigeon

413 孢 U+5B62 bāo

* 〔～子〕某些低等动物和植物在无性繁殖或有性生殖中产生的脱离亲本后能直接或间接发育成新个体的单细胞或少数细胞组成的繁殖体。亦作"胞子"

spore

414 勃 U+52C3 bó bèi

bó:* 突然，忽然。 ～然（①突然，如"～～大怒"；②兴起的样子，如"～～作色"）。 * 变色的样子。 ～腾腾（怒气上冲的样子）。 * 旺盛，兴起。 ～起。～发。～蓬。 bèi:* 同"悖"，违背事理，惑乱糊涂

suddenly, sudden, quick

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52C3
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E77094_E77194_E76E94_E76F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E81285_E81385_E814
415 渤 U+6E24 bó

* 〔～海〕在中国山东半岛与辽东半岛之间的海

swelling; the Gulf of Hopei (Hebei)

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_ED8484_ED85
416 斅 U+6585 jiǎo xiào

xiào:* 教导；使觉悟。后作"教"。 xué:* 学；效法。后作"學"

teach, instruct; be aroused; awake; intelligent

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_F2D741_F2D841_F2D941_F2DA41_F2DB41_F2DC41_F2DD41_F2DE41_F2DF41_F2E041_F2E141_F2E241_F2E341_F2E441_F2E541_F2E641_F2E741_F2E841_F2E941_F2EA41_F2EB41_F2EC41_F2ED41_F2EE41_F2EF41_F2F0
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_F2B031_F2AD31_F2AF31_F2AE31_F2B131_F2B231_F2B3
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
55_F46255_F46955_F46355_F46455_F46A55_F46B55_F46C55_F46555_F46655_F46755_F468
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E36C71_E36D
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_F0A827_5B78
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_F31A91_F31B91_F31C91_F31E71_E36C71_E36D91_F31D91_F31F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E02F82_E03082_E03182_E03282_E033
417 斆 U+6586 jiǎo xiào

* 同"斅"

teach, instruct; be aroused; awake; intelligent

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_F2D741_F2D841_F2D941_F2DA41_F2DB41_F2DC41_F2DD41_F2DE41_F2DF41_F2E041_F2E141_F2E241_F2E341_F2E441_F2E541_F2E641_F2E741_F2E841_F2E941_F2EA41_F2EB41_F2EC41_F2ED41_F2EE41_F2EF41_F2F0
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_F2B031_F2AD31_F2AF31_F2AE31_F2B131_F2B231_F2B3
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
55_F46255_F46955_F46355_F46455_F46A55_F46B55_F46C55_F46555_F46655_F46755_F468
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E36C71_E36D
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_F0A827_5B78
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_F31A91_F31B91_F31C91_F31E71_E36C71_E36D91_F31D91_F31F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E02F82_E03082_E03182_E03282_E033
418 䳕 U+4CD5 fóu

* 拼音fú。[～鸠] 一种小鸠，又名" 鳺鴀"，即火斑鸠

the pigeon, the turtle dove

419 憝 U+619D duì

* 怨恨，憎恶。 * 坏，恶。 元凶大～

to dislike, to abhor, to hate

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_619D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E8D184_E8D284_E8D3
420 㝅 U+3745 gòu

* 拼音gòu。 * 哺乳。 * 幼童

to give suck to, infant; baby, ignorant; stupid, prudent; cautious

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E8E534_E8E734_E8E634_E8E834_E8EB34_E8ED34_E8E934_E8EA34_E8EC34_F511
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
54_E01454_E01054_E01154_E01254_E01358_E10958_E10A58_E10B58_E10D58_E10C
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EEEB71_EEEA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_EC26
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EEEB71_EEEA94_ECDB
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_EE8885_EE89
421 撴 U+64B4 dūn

* 重重地往下放。 把杠铃往下一～。 * 方言，揪住

to jolt; to thump

422 䁨 U+4068 huò

* 拼音huò。惊视

to open the eyes with astonishment, (interchangeable 矐) to lose one"s eyesight; to become blind; blind

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E1A0
423 僝 U+50DD zhàn zhuàn chán

zhuàn:* 显现。 * 具备；齐集。 chán:* 烦恼；忧愁，如"唱道几处笙歌，几家～～"。 * 摧残；折磨，如"好花教风雨～～"。 * 弱小；虚弱，如"以僝弱之人，博强横之人 "

to revile; to abuse

424 搎 U+640E sūn

* 〔扪（ mén ）～〕摸索

to rub with the hand; to stroke

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F49F
425 㲗 U+3C97 fú

* 拼音fú。 * 牛解毛。 * 毡类毛制品

to smooth the hair, woolen textiles; fine cloth

426 蹾 U+8E7E dūn

* 猛地往下放，着地很重。 易碎物品，勿～！

to squat; to crouch

427 噋 U+564B kuò tūn

tūn:* 〔～～〕沉重缓慢的样子，如"大车～～。" kuò:* 敲击声

to swallow hastily; to gobble up

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8AC4
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F09481_F095
428 愻 U+613B xùn sùn

* 古同"逊"，谦逊

to yield, accord; humble, modest

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EB8833_EB87
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_E6EE
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_613B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E7B5
429 孖 U+5B56 zī mā

zī:* 双生子。 * 同"滋"，滋生。 mā:* 方言，成对的，双。 ～仔（双生子）

twins

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
43_E861
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EBB3
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6ECB
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_EBD584_EBD684_EBD784_EBD884_EBD984_EBDA84_EBDB
430 塾 U+587E shú

* 旧时私人设立的教学的地方。 ～师。家～。私～。 * 古代指门内东西两侧的堂屋

village school; private tutorage

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_587E
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E68285_E683
431 㵫 U+3D6B nǐ yì

* 拼音nì。[潗～] 水沸腾的声音

water gushing out; bubbling up, waves sweeping over the flowing water

432 孱 U+5B71 càn chán

chán:* 软弱，弱小。 ～王（软弱无能的君王）。～弱。～～。 * 卑微。 ～琐（卑贱无能）。～微（地位低微）。 * 窘迫。 càn:* 只用于"孱头"（方言，软弱无能的人）

weak, unfit, frail, feeble

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_F798
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5B71
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_ED1594_ED16
433 熟 U+719F shóu shú

* 食物烧煮到可吃的程度。 饭～了。 * 植物的果实或种子长成，又特指庄稼可收割或有收成。 成～。瓜～蒂落。 * 程度深。 ～睡。～思（经久而周密地思考）。深思～虑。 * 做某种工作时间长了，精通而有经验。 ～练。娴～。～习。～能生巧。 * 习惯，常见，知道清楚。 ～人。～悉。～记（强记）。轻车～路。 * 经过加工炼制的。 ～铁。～皮子。～石膏。～石灰

well-cooked; ripe; familiar with

Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E2CF71_E2D091_F08491_F08591_F08691_F08791_F08891_F08991_F08B91_F08A91_F08C91_F08D91_F08F91_F09091_F09191_F09291_F093
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E50084_E501
434 孰 U+5B70 shú

* 谁，哪个。 ～是～非。 * 什么。 是可忍，～不可忍？ * 用在表示抉择的反问语句中，有比较的意思。 ～与。～若。～何。 * 古同"熟"，程度深

who? which? what? which one?

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_EE6444_E28A44_E28B
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_EE9831_EE99
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E2CF71_E2D0
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5B70
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E2CF71_E2D091_F08491_F08591_F08691_F08791_F08891_F08991_F08B91_F08A91_F08C91_F08D91_F08F91_F09091_F09191_F09291_F093
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F52581_F52681_F52781_F528
435 菰 U+83F0 gū

* 多年生草本植物，生在浅水里，嫩茎称"茭白"、"蒋"，可做蔬菜。果实称"菰米"，"雕胡米"，可煮食。 * 同"菇"

wild rice; Zizania latifolia

Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_E55C
436 䪃 U+4A83 dūn

* 拼音dūn。[鞊～] 古代北方少数民族用的酒具

wine container used by minority tribe in ancient times