中

E7KWkeac

190 E7KWkeac
101 櫭 U+6AED jì jié

jué:* 木钉。 * 古同"楬"，小木桩。 jì:* 木制车辖

(translated) wooden nail; anciently same as "楬", small wooden stake; wooden linchpin

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F56282_F563
102 𩻛 U+29EDB cén jīn

* 拼音cén。鳣一类的鱼

Semantic variant of 䲋: (non-classical form) a kind of fish

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E9B8
103 𠓸 U+204F8 shèng

* 同"乘"

Semantic variant of 乘: ride, ascend; avail oneself of; numerary adjunct for vehicles

104 𡉙 U+21259 xì

* 同"墍"。 * 拼音xì

Semantic variant of 墍: paint, decorate

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E77B84_E77C84_E77D84_E77E
105 𡍳 U+21373

* 同"塈"

Semantic variant of 墍: paint, decorate

106 旤 U+65E4 huò

* 古同"祸"

Semantic variant of 禍: misfortune, calamity, disaster

107 𧕽 U+2757D

* 同"蚕"

Semantic variant of 蠶: silkworms

108 𩱠 U+29C60

* 同"鬵"

Semantic variant of 鬵: big iron pot, caldron

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9B3527_E26B
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_EE5F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F4B881_F4B981_F4BA
109 䃡 U+40E1 cén

* 拼音jīn。小石

a small pebble; small piece of stone or rock, a stone door

110 䀈 U+4008 qì

* 同"暨"。 * 拼音jì。 * 器名

a vessel; a container, a kind of animal with red hair looks like hedgehog

111 䀈 U+4008 qì

* 同"暨"。 * 拼音jì。 * 器名

a vessel; a container, a kind of animal with red hair looks like hedgehog

112 旣 U+65E3 jì xì

* 同"既"

already; de facto; since; then

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E6F242_E6F342_E6F442_E6F542_E6F642_E6F742_E6F842_E6F942_E6FA42_E6FB42_E6FC42_E6FD42_E6FE42_E6FF42_E70042_E70142_E70242_E70342_E70442_E70542_E70642_E70742_E70842_E70942_E70A42_E70B42_E70C42_E70D
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_E63C32_E64432_E64232_E65232_E64532_E63D32_E64032_E64332_E63F32_E63E32_E64E32_E66A32_E64932_E64832_E66B32_E64C32_E66932_E66132_E64F32_E64D32_E65A32_E64732_E64632_E65032_E66032_E66632_E67032_E64A32_E66232_E66F32_E65D32_E65632_E65E32_E65132_E64132_E66D32_E64B32_E66732_E66532_E66432_E65532_E65332_E65432_E65732_E65832_E65932_E65C32_E65B32_E66832_E66C32_E66332_E65F32_E66E
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
56_E88A56_E88B56_E89E56_E88C56_E88D56_E88E56_E88F56_E89156_E89056_E89256_E89F56_E89356_E89456_E89656_E89756_E89556_E87056_E87152_E2A652_E2A552_E2B252_E2B352_E2CF52_E2D052_E29F52_E2AA52_E2AC52_E2AD52_E2AE52_E2AF52_E2B052_E2AB52_E2A052_E2A152_E2A252_E2A352_E2B152_E2A452_E2A752_E2A852_E2B452_E2B552_E2B652_E2A952_E2B752_E2B852_E2B952_E2BA52_E2BB52_E2BD52_E2BE52_E2BF52_E2C052_E2C152_E2C252_E2C352_E2C452_E2C552_E2C652_E2C752_E2BC52_E2CC52_E2CD52_E2C852_E2C952_E2CA52_E2CB52_E2CE56_E87256_E87456_E87356_E87956_E87A56_E87556_E87656_E87756_E87856_E87B56_E87C56_E87D56_E87E56_E89A56_E89856_E89956_E87F56_E88256_E88056_E88156_E88356_E88456_E88556_E88656_E88756_E89B56_E88856_E88956_E89C56_E89D
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E52871_E52A71_E529
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_65E2
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E3D171_E52871_E52A71_E52992_E3D592_E3D692_E3DB92_E3DC92_E3D292_E3D392_E3D492_E3D792_E3D892_E3D992_E3DA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_EE7782_EE7882_EE7982_EE7A82_EE7B82_EE7C82_EE7D82_EE7E82_EE7F82_EE8082_EE8182_EE8282_EE8382_EE8482_EE8582_EE8682_EE8782_EE88
113 旣 U+65E3 jì xì

* 同"既"

already; de facto; since; then

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E6F242_E6F342_E6F442_E6F542_E6F642_E6F742_E6F842_E6F942_E6FA42_E6FB42_E6FC42_E6FD42_E6FE42_E6FF42_E70042_E70142_E70242_E70342_E70442_E70542_E70642_E70742_E70842_E70942_E70A42_E70B42_E70C42_E70D
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_E63C32_E64432_E64232_E65232_E64532_E63D32_E64032_E64332_E63F32_E63E32_E64E32_E66A32_E64932_E64832_E66B32_E64C32_E66932_E66132_E64F32_E64D32_E65A32_E64732_E64632_E65032_E66032_E66632_E67032_E64A32_E66232_E66F32_E65D32_E65632_E65E32_E65132_E64132_E66D32_E64B32_E66732_E66532_E66432_E65532_E65332_E65432_E65732_E65832_E65932_E65C32_E65B32_E66832_E66C32_E66332_E65F32_E66E
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
56_E88A56_E88B56_E89E56_E88C56_E88D56_E88E56_E88F56_E89156_E89056_E89256_E89F56_E89356_E89456_E89656_E89756_E89556_E87056_E87152_E2A652_E2A552_E2B252_E2B352_E2CF52_E2D052_E29F52_E2AA52_E2AC52_E2AD52_E2AE52_E2AF52_E2B052_E2AB52_E2A052_E2A152_E2A252_E2A352_E2B152_E2A452_E2A752_E2A852_E2B452_E2B552_E2B652_E2A952_E2B752_E2B852_E2B952_E2BA52_E2BB52_E2BD52_E2BE52_E2BF52_E2C052_E2C152_E2C252_E2C352_E2C452_E2C552_E2C652_E2C752_E2BC52_E2CC52_E2CD52_E2C852_E2C952_E2CA52_E2CB52_E2CE56_E87256_E87456_E87356_E87956_E87A56_E87556_E87656_E87756_E87856_E87B56_E87C56_E87D56_E87E56_E89A56_E89856_E89956_E87F56_E88256_E88056_E88156_E88356_E88456_E88556_E88656_E88756_E89B56_E88856_E88956_E89C56_E89D
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E52871_E52A71_E529
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_65E2
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E3D171_E52871_E52A71_E52992_E3D592_E3D692_E3DB92_E3DC92_E3D292_E3D392_E3D492_E3D792_E3D892_E3D992_E3DA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_EE7782_EE7882_EE7982_EE7A82_EE7B82_EE7C82_EE7D82_EE7E82_EE7F82_EE8082_EE8182_EE8282_EE8382_EE8482_EE8582_EE8682_EE8782_EE88
114 既 U+65E2 jì xì

* 动作已经完了。 ～往不咎。～而。 * 已经。 ～成事实。～定。 * 常与"且"、"又"连用，表示两者并列。 ～快又好

already; de facto; since; then

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E6F242_E6F342_E6F442_E6F542_E6F642_E6F742_E6F842_E6F942_E6FA42_E6FB42_E6FC42_E6FD42_E6FE42_E6FF42_E70042_E70142_E70242_E70342_E70442_E70542_E70642_E70742_E70842_E70942_E70A42_E70B42_E70C42_E70D
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_E63C32_E64432_E64232_E65232_E64532_E63D32_E64032_E64332_E63F32_E63E32_E64E32_E66A32_E64932_E64832_E66B32_E64C32_E66932_E66132_E64F32_E64D32_E65A32_E64732_E64632_E65032_E66032_E66632_E67032_E64A32_E66232_E66F32_E65D32_E65632_E65E32_E65132_E64132_E66D32_E64B32_E66732_E66532_E66432_E65532_E65332_E65432_E65732_E65832_E65932_E65C32_E65B32_E66832_E66C32_E66332_E65F32_E66E
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_E2CF52_E2D052_E29F52_E2AA52_E2AC52_E2AD52_E2AE52_E2AF52_E2B052_E2AB52_E2A052_E2A152_E2A252_E2A352_E2B152_E2A452_E2A752_E2A852_E2B452_E2B552_E2B652_E2A952_E2B752_E2B852_E2B952_E2BA52_E2BB52_E2BD52_E2BE52_E2BF52_E2C052_E2C152_E2C252_E2C352_E2C452_E2C552_E2C652_E2C752_E2BC52_E2CC52_E2CD52_E2C852_E2C952_E2CA52_E2CB52_E2CE56_E87256_E87456_E87356_E87956_E87A56_E87556_E87656_E87756_E87856_E87B56_E87C56_E87D56_E87E56_E89A56_E89856_E89956_E87F56_E88256_E88056_E88156_E88356_E88456_E88556_E88656_E88756_E89B56_E88856_E88956_E89C56_E89D56_E88A56_E88B56_E89E56_E88C56_E88D56_E88E56_E88F56_E89156_E89056_E89256_E89F56_E89356_E89456_E89656_E89756_E89556_E87056_E87152_E2A652_E2A552_E2B252_E2B3
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E52871_E52A71_E529
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_65E2
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E3D171_E52871_E52A71_E52992_E3D592_E3D692_E3DB92_E3DC92_E3D292_E3D392_E3D492_E3D792_E3D892_E3D992_E3DA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_EE7782_EE7882_EE7982_EE7A82_EE7B82_EE7C82_EE7D82_EE7E82_EE7F82_EE8082_EE8182_EE8282_EE8382_EE8482_EE8582_EE8682_EE8782_EE88
115 曁 U+66C1 jì

* 同"暨"

and; attain

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_66A8
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E1C483_E1C5
116 暨 U+66A8 jì

* 和，及，与。 * 到，至。 ～今。 * 姓

and; attain, reach; confines

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_66A8
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_EE0A92_EE0B92_EE0C92_EE0D92_EE1092_EE1192_EE0E92_EE0F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E1C483_E1C5
117 僭 U+50ED jiàn

* 超越本分，古代指地位在下的冒用在上的名义或礼仪、器物。 ～越。～妄。～伪（封建王朝称割据对立的王朝）。～盗

assume, usurp

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_50ED
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_ECD183_ECD283_ECD383_ECD4
118 鬵 U+9B35 qián xín

* 古同"甑"

big iron pot, caldron

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9B3527_E26B
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_EE5F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F4B881_F4B981_F4BA
119 炁 U+7081 qì

* 古同"气"

breath, air, steam, gas. weather. used in Taoist charms

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E7A771_E7A871_E7A9
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6C2327_E5FE27_993C
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E5B883_E5B983_E5BA83_E5BB83_E5BC83_E5BD83_E5BE83_E5BF83_E5C083_E5C183_E5C283_E5C383_E5C483_E5C583_E5C683_E5C783_E5C883_E5C983_E5CA83_E5CB83_E5CC83_E5CD83_E5CE83_E5CF
120 旡 U+65E1 jì

* jì ㄐㄧˋ 胃里的气体从嘴里出来，并发出声音，即打嗝儿

choke on something eaten

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
43_E00C43_E00D
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_65E128_65E1
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F34183_F34283_F34383_F34483_F345
121 䭙 U+4B59 jǐn

* 湿通上。 * 美。 * 微甜

exquisite; fine, sweet; taste a little sweet, to taste, diseases (of the lips)

122 槪 U+69EA gài

* 同"概"

generally

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6982
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F435
123 槪 U+69EA gài

* 同"概"

generally

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6982
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F435
124 槩 U+69E9 gài

* 同"概"。 * 通"慨"，感慨。 * 通"溉"，洗滌。 * 姓

generally, approximately

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6982
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E85B92_E85C92_E85E92_E85D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F434
125 概 U+6982 guì jié gài

* 大略，总括。 大～。～论。～述。～貌。梗～。～要。～算。～括。～念（反映对象的本质属性的思维形式）。～率（概率论的基本概念。用来表示随机事件发生可能性大小的量称为此事件的"概率"。亦称"或然率"、"几率"）。以偏～全。 * 情况，景象。 胜～（胜景，美丽的景色）。 * 一律。 一～而论。 * 气度，节操；气～。 * 刮平斗、斛用的小木板

generally, approximately

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6982
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E85B92_E85C92_E85E92_E85D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F435
126 簪 U+7C2A zǎn zān

* 用来绾住头发的一种首饰，古代亦用以把帽子别在头发上。 ～子。金～。玉～。～缨（做官者显贵之称）。～绅。 * 插，戴。 ～戴。～菊。～笔（古人朝见，插笔于冠，以备记事）。～笏（古代笏以记事，簪笔以备写，臣僚奏事执笏簪笔。故亦称做官）

hairpin, clasp; wear in hair

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_F3FE27_7C2A
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_E2B3
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F1BA83_F1BB83_F1BC83_F1BD83_F1BE
127 潛 U+6F5B qián

* 同"潜"

hide; hidden, secret, latent

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6F5B
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_F0D493_F0D593_F0D693_F0D793_F0D3
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_EC2184_EC2884_EC2284_EC2384_EC2484_EC2584_EC2684_EC27
128 朁 U+6701 cǎn qián jiàn

cǎn:* 副词，表出乎意料；相当于乃，竟："～不畏明。" qián:* 〔於～〕又作"於潛"，古县名，在今中国浙江省杭州市。 jiàn:* 古同"僭"，虚假

if, supposing, nevertheless

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EB40
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_ED5956_E65B
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6701
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E1DF92_E1E092_E1E392_E1E192_E1E2
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_EB9382_EB94
129 㻸 U+3EF8 cén jìn xín zēn

* 拼音zēn。似玉的美石

jade like stone

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E031
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E28F
130 䐴 U+4434 guì

* 拼音guì。腹突然作痛

lumbago

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E78382_E784
131 蔇 U+8507 jì xì

* 草多的样子。 * 至，来："善郑以劝来者，犹惧不～，况不礼焉？"

luxuriant growth; extreme; to reach

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8507
132 墍 U+588D jì xì

* 同"塈"

paint, decorate

133 塈 U+5848 jì xì

* 抹涂屋顶。 * 取。 * 休息

paint, decorate

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5848
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E533
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E59085_E59185_E59285_E593
134 穊 U+7A4A jì

* 稠密："深耕～种，立苗欲疏。"

plough deep; sown slowly

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7A4A
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E45883_E459
135 穊 U+7A4A jì

* 稠密："深耕～种，立苗欲疏。"

plough deep; sown slowly

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7A4A
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E45883_E459
136 熸 U+71B8 jiān

* 熄灭："母独从容以絮被濡水，往覆然处，火立～。" * 溃败："子瑕卒，楚师～。" * 烧毁；灭亡。 如"始皇焚书，故～焉。"

put out

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E504
137 䁮 U+406E qián

* 拼音qián。 * 忧。 * 闭目思

sad; mournful; grieved, to worry about, to think with one"s eyes closed, to close the eyes

138 䍼 U+437C cán

* 拼音zān。 * 盐腌羊肉。 * 储藏于土中的肉。 * 一种似羊兽

salted mutton, to store up the meat under the ground, a goat-like beast, odor of a sheep or goat

139 慨 U+6168 kǎi

* 情绪激昂，愤激。 愤～。慷～。 * 叹息，叹气。 ～叹。感～。 * 豪爽，不吝啬。 ～允。～诺。～然

sigh, regret; generous

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6168
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_ECD793_ECD893_ECD993_ECDA93_ECDB
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E77B84_E77C84_E77D84_E77E
140 蠶 U+8836 cán

* 蚕蛾科和天蚕科昆虫的通称。幼虫能吐丝结茧。茧丝可用作纤维资源。如：家蚕；柞蚕；蓖麻蚕。 * 养蚕

silkworms

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_ED69
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8836
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_ED6994_E42094_E42394_E42494_E42194_E42294_E425
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F5C982_F5CA
141 憯 U+61AF cǎn

* 惨痛；伤痛。 * 忧伤；忧愁。 * 锋利。 * 深入。 * 繁多。 * 副词。①相当于"曾"、"竟然"。 * 急疾

sorrowful, sad; already, nevertheless

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_61AF
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_EDF4
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E8FC
142 憯 U+61AF cǎn

* 惨痛；伤痛。 * 忧伤；忧愁。 * 锋利。 * 深入。 * 繁多。 * 副词。①相当于"曾"、"竟然"。 * 急疾

sorrowful, sad; already, nevertheless

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_61AF
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_EDF4
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E8FC
143 嘅 U+5605 kǎi gě

kǎi:* 古同"慨"，叹息。 gě:* 方言，助词，相当于普通话的"的"

sound of sighing; (Cant.) possessive

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E106
144 廐 U+5ED0 jiù

* 同"廏"

stable; barnyard

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_E752
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_F82D52_F83552_F82F52_F83052_F83652_F83A52_F83B52_F83C52_F83752_F83852_F83352_F82E52_F83452_F83952_F83D52_F83E52_F84152_F83F52_F84252_F84053_E004
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5EC427_E7DA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F70883_F70983_F70A
145 厩 U+53A9 jiù

* 马棚，泛指牲口棚。 马～。～肥

stable; barnyard

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_E752
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_F82D52_F83552_F82F52_F83052_F83652_F83A52_F83B52_F83C52_F83752_F83852_F83352_F82E52_F83452_F83952_F83D52_F83E52_F84152_F83F52_F84252_F84053_E004
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5EC427_E7DA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F70883_F70983_F70A
146 䅾 U+417E cén qián qín

* 拼音cén。禾苗将要吐穗开花

starting to put forth ears, a kind of grain

147 䐶 U+4436 jǐn

* 拼音zān。[腤～] 烹

to cook; to boil; to decoct, diseases of the lips; hare-lip, pieces of meat

148 䤐 U+4910 jǐn

* 拼音jǐn。 * 歃酒。 * 甘甜

to drink; refreshment; to have a little drink sweet, delicious; tasty

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_EC39
149 撍 U+648D zǎn zān zēn qián

zǎn:* 手动。 * 执持。 zān:* 尽。 * 古同"簪"。 zēn:* 急速。 qián:* 摘

to hold in the hand, to grasp; to wring; (Cant.) to pull out

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F4B8
150 摡 U+6461 gài xì

gài:* 古同"溉"，洗涤。 * 主。 xì:* 取

to irrigate; to flood water flowing; to scour

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EC1F
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EBAA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6461
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F3CA
151 㤅 U+3905 ài

ài:* 同"愛"。 xì:* 息。 jì:* 同"忌"。句末语气词

to love, to be fond of, o like; love, affection, a breath, news, to stop; to end, (interchangeable 忌) jealous; to envy, (the small seal 愛) love

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EB9133_EB90
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_E6FA57_E6FB57_E6F657_E6FD57_E6FC57_E6FE57_E6FF57_E70057_E70257_E70457_E70357_E70557_E70657_E70757_E6F957_E6F757_E6F857_E70157_E70857_E70A57_E70957_E70C57_E70F57_E71057_E70D57_E70B57_E70E53_E4AE53_E4B153_E4B253_E4AC53_E4AD53_E4AF53_E4B057_E71857_E71357_E71457_E71157_E71657_E71557_E71257_E71753_E4AB
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_F09427_E8EF
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_ED3F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E816
152 譖 U+8B56 jiàn zèn

zèn:* 谗毁；诬陷。 jiàn:* 通"僭"。不信

to slander

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
35_EE23
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8B56
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_EE6D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F20581_F20681_F207
153 谮 U+8C2E jiàn zèn

zèn:* 讒毀；誣陷。 zèn:* 通"僭"。不信

to slander

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
35_EE23
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8B56
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F20581_F20681_F207
154 㿊 U+3FCA cǎn

* 痛；惨痛。 * 同"憯"

very painful; agonizing (same as 憯) sad; sorrowful; grieved

155 漑 U+6F11 gài

* "溉"的旧字形

water

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EC1F
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EBAA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6E89
156 溉 U+6E89 gài xiè

* 浇灌。 灌～。 * 洗涤

water, irrigate, flood; wash

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EC1F
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EBAA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6E89
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EBAA93_EF7F