中

JwxrGrva

529 JwxrGrva
401 𠌶 U+20336 huā

* 同"華（花）"

(translated) variant of flower

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_EC3432_EC3532_EC3632_EC3C32_EC3B32_EC3832_EC3932_EC3A32_EC3D32_EC37
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E654
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_F3A327_8342
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_EA26
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F67C
402 𪘴 U+2A634

* 同"齺"

Same as "齺"

403 𪗘 U+2A5D8

* 同"𡿖"

Semantic variant of "𡿖": bite, gnaw; wear down, erode

404 𪗞 U+2A5DE

* 同"䶞"

Semantic variant of 䶞: to gnaw; to bite

405 𪙁 U+2A641

* "䶥" 的俗字

Semantic variant of 䶥: (same as 齟) unevenly-fitting teeth, irregular teeth, resplendent with variegated coloration; bright and colorful

406 𢾶 U+22FB6

* 同"胜"

Semantic variant of 勝: victory; excel, be better than

407 𤳋 U+24CCB

* 同"嗇"

Semantic variant of 嗇: miserly, thrifty, stingy; stopped up, constipated

408 𤲷 U+24CB7

* 同"穡"

Semantic variant of 嗇: miserly, thrifty, stingy; stopped up, constipated

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E95642_E95742_E95842_E95942_E95A42_E95B42_E95C42_E95D42_E95E42_E96042_E96242_E96442_E965
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_E8D232_E8D332_E8D432_E8D632_E8D5
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
56_E9DD56_E9DE
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E59871_E59A71_E59971_E59B
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_55C727_E4AA
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E59B92_E59C92_E59D92_E5A292_E5A392_E59E92_E5A592_E5A492_E59F92_E5A092_E5A171_E59871_E59971_E59A71_E59B92_E5A8
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F16682_F16782_F16882_F16982_F16A82_F16B82_F16C82_F16D82_F16E82_F16F
409 𠂹 U+200B9 chuí

* 同"（垂）"

Semantic variant of 垂: let down; suspend, hand; down

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_F48427_E538
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F67B
410 𡍮 U+2136E chuí

* 同"垂"

Semantic variant of 垂: let down; suspend, hand; down

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5782
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E67185_E67285_E67385_E67485_E67585_E676
411 𡙹 U+21679

* "奏" 的讹字

Semantic variant of 奏: memorialize emperor; report

412 𡼙 U+21F19

* 同"崋（華）"

Semantic variant of 崋: flowery; illustrious; Chinese

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5D0B
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_E55893_E55993_E55D93_E55E93_E55F93_E56093_E55A93_E55B93_E55C
413 𢀩 U+22029

* 同"差"

Semantic variant of 差: to differ; different, wrong; nearly, almost; an officer

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_F03B31_F03C32_E27132_E27432_E27332_E27532_E27032_E27632_E27732_E27232_E27832_E27B32_E27A32_E279
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_E0FD52_E0FE52_E0F252_E0F352_E0F952_E0F652_E0F752_E0F852_E0FA52_E0FB52_E0FC56_E59256_E59356_E59956_E59456_E59756_E59856_E59A56_E59556_E596
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5DEE27_EC4D
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E17B92_E17F92_E17C92_E17D92_E17E
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_EAEA82_EAEB82_EAEC82_EAED82_EAEE82_EAEF82_EAF082_EAF182_EAF282_EAF382_EAF482_EAF582_EAF682_EAF782_EAF882_EAF9
414 𢋾 U+222FE qiáng

* 同"廧"字

Semantic variant of 廧: wall

415 𠂿 U+200BF shǒu

* 同"手"

Semantic variant of 手: hand

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EF1733_EF1833_EF1A33_EF1633_EF1C33_EF1033_EF1B33_EF1533_EF1233_EF1133_EF1333_EF1433_EF19
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_ECC6
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EC4771_EC4571_EC46
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_624B27_E9F6
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EC4771_EC4571_EC4693_F53293_F53393_F53493_F53593_F53693_F537
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F22284_F22384_F22484_F22584_F22684_F22784_F22884_F22984_F22A
416 𡴬 U+21D2C

* 同"拜"

Semantic variant of 拜: do obeisance, bow, kowtow

417 𣡼 U+2387C

* 同"栗"

Semantic variant of 栗: chestnut tree, chestnuts; surname

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E39D83_E39E83_E39F83_E3A083_E3A183_E3A283_E3A383_E3A483_E3A583_E3A683_E39583_E39683_E39883_E39983_E39783_E39A83_E39B83_E39C
418 𣡷 U+23877

* 同"栗"

Semantic variant of 栗: chestnut tree, chestnuts; surname

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_F00442_F00542_F00642_F00742_F008
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_EEB652_EEB752_EEB856_F0AA56_F0A9
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_681727_E5C4
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_EF5792_EF5892_EF5A92_EF5B92_EF5C92_EF59
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E39583_E39683_E39883_E39983_E39783_E39A83_E39B83_E39C83_E39D83_E39E83_E39F83_E3A083_E3A183_E3A283_E3A383_E3A483_E3A583_E3A6
419 𠉭 U+2026D

* 同"盗"

Semantic variant of 盜: rob, steal; thief, bandit

420 𥾄 U+25F84

* 同"粟"

Semantic variant of 粟: unhusked millet; grain

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E7AA71_E7AB71_E7AC
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7C9F27_E5C5
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E7AA71_E7AB71_E7AC92_EF5E92_EF5F92_EF6392_EF6092_EF6192_EF62
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E3A783_E3A983_E3A883_E3AA83_E3AB83_E3AC83_E3AD83_E3AE
421 𡹽 U+21E7D

* 同"羌"

Semantic variant of 羌: Qiang nationality; surname

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E00942_E00A42_E00B42_E00C42_E00D42_E00E42_E00F42_E01042_E01142_E01242_E01342_E01442_E01542_E01642_E01742_E01842_E01942_E01A42_E01C42_E01D42_E01E42_E01F42_E02042_E02142_E02242_E02342_E02442_E02542_E02642_E02742_E02842_E02942_E02A42_E02B42_E02C42_E02D42_E02E42_E02F42_E03042_E03142_E03242_E03342_E03442_E03542_E03642_E03742_E03842_E03942_E03A42_E03B42_E03C42_E03D42_E03E42_E03F42_E04042_E04142_E04242_E043
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_F0FE35_F7B935_F7B735_F7B835_F7BB35_F7BA31_F66131_F65F31_F66035_F7BE31_F65E
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
55_F836
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7F8C27_E339
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_F50391_F50491_F50591_F50691_F50791_F508
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E35782_E35882_E35982_E35A82_E35B82_E35C82_E35D
422 𠌺 U+2033A

* 同"衰"

Semantic variant of 衰: decline, falter, decrease; weaken

423 𨰒 U+28C12

* 同"凿"

Semantic variant of 鑿: chisel; bore, pierce

424 𡈍 U+2120D líng

* 同"囹"。 * 同"零"

Semantic variant of 零: zero; fragment, fraction

425 齣 U+9F63 chū

* 原指传奇中的一个段落，同杂剧中的"折"相近。今字作"出"，指戏曲中的一个独立的段落或剧目

act; stanza; time, occasion

426 齡 U+9F61 líng

* 见"龄"

age; years

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F61
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_EBAF
427 齮 U+9F6E yǐ

* 〔～齕（ hé ）〕ａ．毁坏，如"且秦复得志于天下，则～～用事者坟墓矣。"ｂ．倾轧，如"室家何抢攘，朝士亦～～。" * 咬："～嚼午忘饥。"

bite

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_EBCD
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F6E
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_EBA491_EBA591_EBA6
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE32
428 嚙 U+5699 niè

niè:* 同"齧"。咬；啃。 * 同"齩（咬）"

bite, gnaw

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE3E81_EE3D
429 齧 U+9F67 niè

* 咬，啃。 * 缺口。 * 侵蚀。 * 草名。蓬草的一种。 * 野菜名。苦堇。 * 姓

bite, gnaw; wear down, erode

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E1D5
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F67
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E1D591_EBAD91_EBAE
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE3781_EE3881_EE3981_EE3A
430 䶖 U+4D96 qín jìn

* 同"𦧈"

disease of tongue (said of an ox), to keep the mouth shut

431 䶫 U+4DAB yàn kǎn yán

* 拼音yán。 * 见"𪚃" * 拼音yàn

fine teeth, irregular teeth

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F13381_F13481_F13581_F13681_F13781_F13881_F13981_F13A81_F13B
432 囓 U+56D3 niè

* 同"齧"。咬

gnaw

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E1D5
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F67
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE3781_EE3881_EE3981_EE3A
433 齕 U+9F55 hé

* 见"龁"

gnaw, bite, nibble

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F55
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_EBA891_EBA991_EBAB
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE36
434 䶝 U+4D9D xiá qià

* 拼音xiá。 * 曲齿。 * 缺齿

growing irregular teeth; crooked teeth, cleft tooth; sound of gnawing

435 齦 U+9F66 yín qiǎn kěn

* "龈" 的繁体

gums

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F66
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE34
436 齗 U+9F57 yín yĭn yán

yín:* 〔～～〕①露齿貌。单用义同。②争辩。③忿嫉。 * 同"龈"。牙根肉。 y:* 犬争斗。 * 上腭。 yán:* 同"齴"。笑貌

gums (of the teeth); to dispute

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F57
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE2481_EE2581_EE26
437 䶨 U+4DA8 zhān

* 拼音zhān。[～齺] 有牙而做无牙咀嚼的样子

in the manner a toothless person chewing food

438 䶕 U+4D95 pá

* 拼音bā。牙齿外露

irregular and prominent teeth

439 齟 U+9F5F zhā jǔ

jǔ:* 〔齟齬〕➊上下齒不相對應。 * 咀嚼。 zhā:* 同"䶥"。牙齒不正

irregular teeth; discord

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE42
440 齠 U+9F60 tiáo

* 见"龆"

lose baby teeth and get adult teeth

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE43
441 齔 U+9F54 chèn

* 小孩換牙（乳齒脫落長出恆齒）。 * 年幼或年幼的人

lose baby teeth and get adult teeth

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F54
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_EBA291_EBA3
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE2781_EE2881_EE2981_EE2A81_EE2B
442 齷 U+9F77 wò

* 见"龌"

narrow, small; dirty

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE49
443 齪 U+9F6A chuò

* 拘谨；谨小慎微貌。 * 见"齷齪"

narrow, small; dirty

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE4681_EE47
444 齙 U+9F59 páo

* 突出唇外的牙齒。 ～牙

projecting teeth

445 䶔 U+4D94 mín chí

* 牙齦外露

prominent gums (of the teeth)

446 䶪 U+4DAA chá

* 拼音chà。 * 牙齿锐利。 * 泛指锋利

sharp teeth; to break something hard like a knife, sand (in food), ugly

447 䶡 U+4DA1 zhì zé shí

* 同"齰"

sound of biting, (same as 齰) to chew; to gnaw

448 䶤 U+4DA4 huá

* 拼音huá。啃咬骨头的声音

sound of chewing bones

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E1B5
449 蕐 U+8550 huá

* 同"華"

splendor, glory; China

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_EC3432_EC3532_EC3632_EC3C32_EC3B32_EC3832_EC3932_EC3A32_EC3D32_EC37
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E654
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_83EF
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F68182_F68282_F68382_F68482_F68582_F68682_F68782_F68882_F68982_F68A82_F68B82_F68C82_F68D82_F68E82_F68F82_F69082_F69182_F69282_F69382_F69482_F69582_F69682_F69782_F69882_F69982_F69A82_F69B82_F69C82_F69D82_F69E
450 䶙 U+4D99 jù

* 拼音jù。牙龈肿大

swelling of the gums ( of the teeth)

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E1A6
451 齯 U+9F6F ní

* 老年人牙落后重生的细齿："眉尨齿～。" * 年寿高的人："～童相庆。"

teeth grown in old age

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_F77A42_F77B42_F77C42_F77D42_F77E42_F77F42_F78042_F78142_F78242_F783
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_E40233_E40633_E40133_E40933_E40333_E40433_E40A33_E40833_E40733_E405
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
56_F6E4
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E99971_E99A71_E99B
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F6F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F19683_F19783_F19883_F19983_F19A
452 齒 U+9F52 chǐ

* 人和動物嘴裏咀嚼食物的器官（通常稱"牙"） 牙～。～腔。～髓。～齦。～冷（笑必開口，笑的時間長了，牙齒就會感到冷。因謂譏笑於人，如"令人～～"）。 * 排列像牙齒形狀的東西。 ～輪。鋸～。梳子～兒。 * 因幼馬每歲生一齒，故以齒計算牛馬的歲數，亦指人的年齡。 馬～徒增（舊時自謙年長無能）。 * 並列。 不～（不能同列或不與同列，表示鄙棄）。 * 談到，提及。 ～及。不足～數。 * 觸。 ～劍（觸劍受刀，指被殺或自刎）

teeth; gears, cogs; age; KangXi radical 211

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_EAFE41_EAFF41_EB0041_EB0141_EB0241_EB0341_EB0441_EB0541_EB0641_EB0741_EB0841_EB0941_EB0A41_EB0B41_EB0C41_EB0D41_EB0E41_EB0F41_EB1041_EB1141_EB1241_EB1341_EB1441_EB1541_EB1641_EB1741_EB1841_EB19
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_EF7D34_EF7E31_EA35
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_EBB758_E3C451_EBB551_EBB651_EBCA51_EBC951_EBB951_EBBA51_EBBB51_EBBC51_EBBD51_EBBE51_EBBF51_EBC051_EBC151_EBC251_EBC351_EBC451_EBC551_EBC651_EBC751_EBC855_EC2F55_EC30
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E1D371_E1D4
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F5227_F2C3
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E1D371_E1D491_EB9891_EB9991_EB9A91_EB9B91_EB9C91_EBA091_EB9D91_EB9E91_EB9F91_EBA1
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE1581_EE1681_EE1781_EE1881_EE1981_EE1A81_EE1B81_EE1C81_EE1D81_EE1E81_EE1F81_EE2081_EE2181_EE2281_EE23
453 𡔐 U+21510 ruán

* 城墙的边缘

the edge of a city wall

454 䶜 U+4D9C gù

* 拼音gǔ。治象牙使白

the process to whiten the ivory or elephant tusk; sound of gnawing

455 䶘 U+4D98 lì

* 拼音lì。咀嚼声

the sound of chewing something dry and hard, sound of gnawing or biting

456 齰 U+9F70 cuò zé

* 咬："啗～嗽获，死生不卒。"

to bite

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F7027_E1A8
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_EBA7
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE33
457 䶗 U+4D97 qiè kè qiǎ

qiā:* 啃咬。 qiǎ:* 骨屑夾在齒縫中。 kè:* 齒貌。 * 同"嗑"

to bite; use all the strength to bite; to gnaw, bones squeeze between teeth (could not be picked out)

458 齚 U+9F5A cuò zé

* 古同"齰"，啃，咬："饿犬～枯骨。"

to chew

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F7027_E1A8
459 齝 U+9F5D chī

* 牛反刍

to chew the cud

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F5D
460 齩 U+9F69 yāo yǎo jiāo

* 同"咬"

to chew; to bite

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E1AD
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE3E81_EE3D
461 齞 U+9F5E yàn niàn

* 齿露唇外："其妻蓬头挛耳，～唇历齿。"

to display the teeth

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F5E
462 䶟 U+4D9F xiàn

* 拼音xiàn。怒齿

to gnash the teeth (in anger)

463 䶞 U+4D9E qí

* 拼音qí。咬

to gnaw; to bite

464 䶢 U+4DA2 xián jiān

* 啃咬。 * 咀嚼声

to gnaw; to bite, to hold in the mouth

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E1A9
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE45
465 䶩 U+4DA9 jì

* 拼音jì。 * [～] 啃咬。 * 牙齿长得整齐

to gnaw; to bite, well-arranged teeth

466 䶣 U+4DA3 ái

* 拼音ái。牙齿相磨， 切齿

to grind the teeth, teeth

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E1B0
467 䶛 U+4D9B liè là

* 用牙齿分开骨头。 * 用牙齿分开骨头的声音。 * 啮声

to separate the meat from the bones with teeth, the sound of using teeth to separate the meat from the bones

468 齜 U+9F5C chái zī

chái:* 牙齿相摩切。 zī:* 开口见齿貌。如：齜牙咧嘴。 * 龋病

to show the teeth; crooked teeth

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F5C
469 齲 U+9F72 qǔ

* 〔～齒〕➊牙齒發生腐蝕的病變，在牙面上形成齲洞，逐漸擴大，最後可使牙齒全被破壞；➋患這種病的牙。均亦稱"蛀齒"；俗稱"蟲牙"

tooth decay

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_EB1A41_EB1B41_EB1C41_EB1D
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E1BA27_9F72
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE55
470 齭 U+9F6D chǔ

* 古同"齼"

toothache

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E1B2
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE3B
471 齳 U+9F73 kǔn něn yǔn

* 老人无牙的样子："～然落未已，一往将何如？"

toothless

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E1A5
472 傘 U+5098 sǎn

* 见"伞"

umbrella, parasol, parachute

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7E56
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E2D885_E2D985_E2DA85_E2DB
473 齵 U+9F75 óu yú

* 牙齿不整齐。 * 泛指参差不齐："察其菑蚤不～，则轮虽敝不匡。"

uneven (teeth)

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9F75
474 䶦 U+4DA6 zé

* 牙齒整齊，上下密合。 * 嚙

upper and lower teeth in order and corresponding each other, to gnaw; to bite

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E1A1