中

NKvP40SY

221 NKvP40SY
1 䋘 U+42D8 chuò zhuì

* 同"缒"

(same as 縋) to hand by a rope; to let down by a rope

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E24C
2 䎱 U+43B1 bà pá

bēi:* 同"䥯"。 bà:* 同"耙"

(same as 耙) a drag; a harrow; a rake

3 䎣 U+43A3 xìn sì

* 同"耜"

(same as 耜) a plough; a ploughshare

4 䎬 U+43AC bà pá

* 见"䎱"

(simplified form of 䎱) (same as 耙) a drag; a harrow; a rake

5 銇 U+9287 lèi

* 一种钻。 * 古同"錑"，平木器具

(translated) A kind of drill; Anciently same as "錑", flat wooden tool

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E951
6 𩽔 U+29F54 nòu

* 拼音nòu。[田～] 一种海鱼。似鳅而比较大

(translated) A type of sea fish, similar to a loach but larger

7 耖 U+8016 chào

* 在耕、耙地以后用的一种把土弄得更细的农具。 * 用耖弄细土块，使地平整。 ～田

(translated) An agricultural tool used after plowing and harrowing to further pulverize soil; To use a "chao" (耖) to break up soil clods and level the field

8 耯 U+802F huò

* 古同"穫"

(translated) Ancient form of 穫

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_F0E2
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
37_E1A5
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
56_F0ED
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E77271_E773
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7A6B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E49483_E49583_E496
9 𧄥 U+27125

* 《白～ 园感梦》作者： 明代的凌义渠。 * 诗的原文： 桃花漠漠信全乖，中夜波涛急似淮。 髣髴呼名才两字，伴人幽独到天涯

(translated) Appears in the title of "Bai ~ Yuan Gan Meng" by Ling Yiqu of the Ming Dynasty

10 𦓶 U+264F6 nòu

* 拼音nòu。"耨" 譌誤。《名義》："～， 乃遘反。耨。"

(translated) Corrupted form of "耨"; according to 《名義》, same as "耨"

11 𧋆 U+272C6

* 读音giòi 蛆

(translated) Maggot; pronounced as giòi

12 耟 U+801F jù

* 义未详

(translated) Meaning unclear

13 𡋃 U+212C3

* 读音lòi 义未详

(translated) Meaning unknown

14 𦓲 U+264F2 rú

* 拼音rú。先生， 如愚先生。见唐· 林慎思《伸蒙书》

(translated) Mister; specifically, Mister Rúyú

15 𠓩 U+204E9

* 读音nhúi， 探头，伸头

(translated) Peeking out; Sticking one"s head out

16 𫀇 U+2B007 wà

* 疑同"袜"。 * 拼音wà。 * 中国人名用字

(translated) Possibly same as "袜"; Used in Chinese personal names

17 𤈞 U+2421E

* 读音lói，lùi，lọi 义未详

(translated) Pronounced as lói, lùi, lọị; meaning unknown

18 𣉶 U+23276

* 读音hào 义未详

(translated) Pronounced hào; meaning unknown

19 𭫘 U+2DAD8

* 音义不详， 人名用字

(translated) Pronunciation and meaning are unknown; used in personal names

20 𦔈 U+26508 zé

* 拼音zé

(translated) Pronunciation: zé

21 𡥤 U+21964

* 同"㐻"

(translated) Same as "㐻"

22 𭛧 U+2D6E7

* 同"徕"

(translated) Same as "徕"

23 𭪀 U+2DA80

* 同"枣"

(translated) Same as "枣", meaning date

24 𣑳 U+23473

* 同"桎"

(translated) Same as "桎"

25 𥑶 U+25476 lěi

* 同"礧"。 * 拼音lěi。 * 《八辅》 第36区， 第53字

(translated) Same as "礧"

26 筙 U+7B59 lái

* 古同"箂"

(translated) Same as "箂" in ancient Chinese

27 𥷸 U+25DF8

* 同"籍"

(translated) Same as "籍"

28 𨈁 U+28201

* 同"踖"

(translated) Same as "踖";

29 𫙛 U+2B65B

* 同"鱠"

(translated) Same as "鱠"; minced raw fish

30 𡂮 U+210AE

* 同"𠽀"

(translated) Same as "𠽀"

31 𤒛 U+2449B

* 同"𤍇"

(translated) Same as "𤍇"

32 𦔙 U+26519

* 同"𥝽"

(translated) Same as "𥝽"

33 𥹯 U+25E6F

* 同"𦟿"

(translated) Same as "𦟿"

34 𣟪 U+237EA

* 同"𩠸"

(translated) Same as "𩠸"

35 𦓧 U+264E7 bā

* 同"朳"。无齿耙。明陳衍

(translated) Same as 朳; toothless rake

36 𬱜 U+2CC5C lèi

* "頛" 的类推简化字。 * 拼音lèi（ 头部）转动。 吴语。头～ 转看看谁走来了|上课不专心， 头～来～ 去

(translated) Simplified form by analogy of "頛"; pronounced "lèi", meaning "to turn the head"; specifically used in Wu dialect to describe turning the head, especially back and forth

37 𠬽 U+20B3D yè

* 拼音yè。中国人名用字

(translated) Used in Chinese given names

38 𪵛 U+2AD5B lěi

* 拼音lěi。中国人名用字

(translated) Used in Chinese personal names

39 𦓫 U+264EB lěi

* 中国人名用字

(translated) Used in Chinese personal names

40 𦔖 U+26516 lián

* 拼音lián。[～耞] 又作"连枷"， 一种脱粒用的农具

(translated) [～耞] also written as "连枷", a farm tool for threshing

41 耲 U+8032 huái

* 中国东北地区翻土用的一种农具，称"耲耙"。 * 用耲耙翻土

(translated) a type of farm tool for turning soil in Northeast China, known as "耲耙"; to turn soil with a "耲耙"

42 耫 U+802B zhá zé

zhá:* 一种农具。 zé:* 种植

(translated) agricultural tool; to plant

43 洡 U+6D21 lěi lèi

lěi:* 古同"䣂"。县名，即耒阳。在今湖南省 。 lèi:* 浸染

(translated) ancient form of "䣂", county name, i.e., Leiyang, located in present-day Hunan province; to soak and dye

44 耛 U+801B sì chí

sì:* 古同"枱"，犁上的铧。 chí:* 〔耘～〕除草

(translated) ancient form of "枱", plowshare; weeding

Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E85592_E854
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E8D682_E8D782_E8D8
45 𪡱 U+2A871

* 读音hao 消耗

(translated) consume

46 𦔣 U+26523 xiàng

* "𣚺" 的讹字。中国人名用字

(translated) Corrupted form of "𣚺"; Used for Chinese personal names

47 頛 U+981B lěi

* 头不正

(translated) crooked head; tilted head

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_981B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F3C0
48 𥅦 U+25166 lèi

* 拼音lèi。目不正

(translated) eye not straight; improper eye

49 䎥 U+43A5 gǔ

* 拼音gǔ。 * 韩国读音gok。 稻田里勤劳。季种收获。 * 注： 韩国读音来自naver字典， 拼音为类推

(translated) industrious in paddy fields; harvesting seasonal crops

50 耣 U+8023 lún lǔn

lún:* 耕。 lǔn:* 古同"稐"，禾束

(translated) plow; cultivate; archaic form of "稐", sheaf of grain

51 耓 U+8013 tīng

* 耜

(translated) plowshare

52 𦓳 U+264F3 gǒng

* 拼音gǒng

(translated) pronounced "gǒng"

53 𦔧 U+26527 yù

* 拼音yù。～ 先生，如愚先生。 見唐·林慎思《 伸蒙子》

(translated) pronounced as yù; a form of address, like Mr. Ru Yu. (original text cited from Tang Dynasty · Lin Shensi 《Shen Meng Zi》)

54 𮜟 U+2E71F

* 同"蹷"

(translated) same as "蹷"

55 𧂬 U+270AC yún

* 拼音yún。或同"𦓷"

(translated) same as "𦓷"

56 𮅰 U+2E170

* 同"耕"

(translated) same as plow

57 𦔇 U+26507

* 同"煣"。《唐玄宗御制道德真经疏( 二)·唐· 玄宗卷一》："……木为耜木为耒一事以上以利天下此……"

(translated) same as 煣, meaning: to soften

58 耚 U+801A pī

* 耕地。 * 小高

(translated) till land; slightly elevated

59 𣢹 U+238B9 qiàn

* 拼音qiàn。 * 用锄头将泥块挖碎。 * 用锄头翻动细土找( 东西）

(translated) to break up clods of soil with a hoe; to rummage in fine soil for something with a hoe

60 𦓿 U+264FF

* 读音cầy 犁地

(translated) to plow land

61 𢙩 U+22669

* 读音giỗi [～]生闷气

(translated) to sulk

62 耝 U+801D qù chú

qù:* 翻松土壤。 * 古地名。在今中国河南省滑县。 chú:* 古同"耡"

(translated) to till soil; ancient place name, located in present-day Hua County, Henan Province, China; ancient form of "耡"

Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_EE6D
63 躤 U+8EA4 jí jiè

* 践踏："乘骑之所蹂若，人民之所蹈～。"

(translated) trample; tread on

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EF15
64 𤞖 U+24796

* 读音lòi[～]野猪

(translated) wild boar

65 耢 U+8022 lào

* 用荆条等编成的一种农具，长方形，用来平整土地。亦称"耱"、"盖"、"盖擦"。 * 用耢平整土地

a kind of farm tool

66 耮 U+802E lào

* 农具名。又名"耱"或"盖"。长方形，用荆条或藤条编成，用来平整地面和松田保墒。 * 用耢平整土地。如：耢地。清倪倬

a kind of farm tool

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
45_EC2B45_EC2C45_EC2D45_EC2E45_EC2F45_EC30
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E18F34_E190
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_F5EE
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EDF371_EDF671_EDF471_EDF5
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52DE27_EB9A
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7F385_E7F485_E7F685_E7F585_E7F785_E7F885_E7F985_E7FA85_E7FB
67 耱 U+8031 mò

* 用荆条等编成的一种农具，功用和耙相似。亦称"耢"

a kind of farm tool

68 䎭 U+43AD cāo

* 〈方〉用耖平整土地

a kind of farm tool made of twisted thron strips used to flaten the land

69 䎧 U+43A7 póu bàng

* 拼音bàng。耜一类的农具

agricultural implements; farm tools ( a plough; a ploughshare), to till; to plough

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E8DA
70 耗 U+8017 máo mào hào

* 减损，消费。 ～损。～费。～资。消～。 * 拖延。 ～时间。 * 音信，消息。 噩～（人死的消息）。凶～

consume, use up; waste, squander

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E76A71_E76B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E48683_E487
71 耧 U+8027 lóu

* 播种用的农具，前边牵引，后边人扶，可同时完成开沟和下种两项工作。 ～车。～犁。～播（用耧播种。亦称"耩地"）

drill for sowing grain

72 耬 U+802C lóu lǒu

* 播種用的農具，前邊牽引，後邊人扶，可同時完成開溝和下種兩項工作。 ～車。～犁。～播（用耬播種。亦稱"耩地"）

drill for sowing grain

73 诔 U+8BD4 lěi

* 古代叙述死者生平，表示哀悼（多用于上对下） 贱不～贵，幼不～长（ zhǎng ）。 * 这类哀悼死者的文章。 做～。～文

eulogize, praise the dead

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8A84
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F240
74 誄 U+8A84 lěi

* 古代列述死者德行，表示哀悼並以之定謚（多用於上對下）。 * 悼念死者的文章。 * 祈禱以求福。也作"讄"

eulogize, praise the dead

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8A84
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_EE9B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F240
75 耥 U+8025 tǎng

* 用于水稻中耕，除草、松土的农具。 ～耙。耘～。田～。 * 用耥耙弄平田地，清除杂草

farm tool

76 耞 U+801E jiā

* 〔连～〕拍打谷物、使子粒脱落下来的农具，由一个长柄和一排竹条或木条构成

flail

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_67B7
77 䒹 U+44B9 lèi

* 拼音lái。同"莱"

grassy, fruitful

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E0A3
78 耒 U+8012 lěi

* 〔～耜〕古代指耕地用的农具。 * 古代称犁上的木把

handle of plow; plow; rad. 127

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_EECB34_EECA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8012
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E02192_E022
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E8C882_E8C982_E8CA
79 耡 U+8021 chú

* 同"锄"

hoe

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8021
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E02A92_E029
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E8C185_E8C385_E8C2
80 耨 U+8028 nòu

* 古代锄草的农具。 * 锄草。 深耕易～

hoe, rake; weed

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E8DC82_E8DD
81 㑍 U+344D lèi lěi

* 拼音lèi。亚

inferior; secondary, ugly

82 藕 U+85D5 ǒu

* 莲的地下茎，肥大有节，中间有管状小孔，折断后有丝，可食。 ～粉。～断丝连。～色。～荷（淡紫色）。～节

lotus root

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8545
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E3E0
83 藉 U+85C9 jí jiè

jiè:* 垫在下面的东西。 * 衬垫。 枕～。 * 同"借"。 * 抚慰。 慰～。 * 含蓄。 蕴～。 * 假设，假使："公等遇雨，皆已失期，失期当斩。～第令毋斩，而戍死者固十六七"。 jí:* 践踏，凌辱："人皆～吾弟"。狼～。 * 进贡："其～于成周"。 * 〔～～〕同"籍籍"。 * 姓

mat, pad; rely on; pretext

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_85C9
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_E45391_E45491_E45591_E456
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E48B
84 䣂 U+48C2 lěi lèi

* 拼音lěi。[～阳] 即耒阳，城市名， 在湖南省东南部

name of a county in today"s Hunan Province

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E575
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E05F
85 䎰 U+43B0 zuó

* "䣢" 的讹字

name of a place in Sichuan Province

86 䣢 U+48E2 jí

* 拼音xí。同"𨛳"。，古乡名， 在今四川省邛崃县

name of a place in ancient times, name of a river in ancient times

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E571
87 耤 U+8024 jí jiè

jí:* 帝王亲自耕种（田地）："亲祭先农，～于千亩之甸。" * 租税。 jiè:* 通"藉"，借助："以躯～友报仇。"

plough

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E29D42_E29E42_E29F42_E2A042_E2A142_E2A242_E2A342_E2A442_E2A542_E2A642_E2A742_E2A842_E2A942_E2AA42_E2AB42_E2AC42_E2AD42_E2AE42_E2AF42_E2B042_E2B1
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_F0DA34_F0DD34_F0DB34_F0DC32_E0B632_E0B732_E0B8
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E47971_E47A
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8024
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E47971_E47A
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E8CF82_E8D0
88 耦 U+8026 ǒu

* 两个人在一起耕地。 * 〔～合〕物理学上指两个或两个以上的体系或两种运动形式之间通过各种相互作用而彼此影响以至联合起来的现象。 * 同"偶"

plow side by side; team of two

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E478
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8026
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E47892_E02592_E026
89 耕 U+8015 gēng

* 用犁把土翻松。 ～种（ zhòng ）。～作。～耘（耕地和除草，亦泛指劳动，如"着意～～，自有收获"）。笔～（喻写文章）。舌～（喻教书）

plow, cultivate

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
56_E3F856_E3F9
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8015
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E02392_E024
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E8CB82_E8CC82_E8CD82_E8CE
90 耪 U+802A pǎng

* 用锄翻松土地。 ～地。～麦苗

plow, cultivate

91 耭 U+802D jī

* 耕

plow, cultivate

92 㼍 U+3F0D lěi

* 拼音lěi。[～㼏] 瓜中

pulp of a melon, a kind of melon

93 耙 U+8019 bà pá bǎ

bà:* 把土块弄碎的农具。 * 用耙弄碎土块。 这块地～两遍了。 pá:* 聚拢谷物或平土地用的用具。 ～子。齿～。 * 用耙平整土地或聚拢谷物

rake

94 籍 U+7C4D jí jiè

* 书，书册。 古～。书～。经～。典～。 * 登记隶属关系的簿册；隶属关系。 ～贯。户～。国～。学～。 * 登记。 ～没（ mò ）。～吏民。 * 征收。 ～田。 * 〔～～〕❶形容纷扰很大；❷形容名声很大；❸形容纵横交错的样子。 * 古代各种捐税的统称

record, register, list; census

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E48F71_E48E
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7C4D
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E48F71_E48E92_E08592_E08892_E08992_E08A92_E08B92_E08692_E087
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E96182_E96282_E96382_E96482_E965
95 耜 U+801C sì

* 耒下端铲土的部件。装在犁上，用以翻土。先以木为之，后改用金属

spade-shaped tool; plow

96 䎪 U+43AA nè

* 拼音nè。 * 稻类脱粒后的秸秆。 * 槌谷具

the stalk of grain; straw, a hammer used to pound grains and corns, etc

97 耠 U+8020 hé huō

* 一种翻土使松的农具，可以代替犁锄等。 ～子。犁～。锄～。 * 用耠子翻土。 ～土。～地

till, dig

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E8D9
98 耔 U+8014 zǐ

* 在植物根上的培土："或耘或～。"

to hoe up the earth around plants

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E8D5
99 䎢 U+43A2 qǐ

* 拼音qǐ。 * 平量。 * 耜一类的农具

to measure (esp. for grains) by pints and pecks

100 䎮 U+43AE tì

* 拼音tì。种植

to plant; to raise or grow ( plants); to cultivate

101 䎫 U+43AB zǒng chuàng

* 同"堫"。载种， 不耕而种

to plant; to sow; to cultivate

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E567