* 人名用字。《 广东通志·卷五十》： 王氏生员莫
(translated) Used in personal names
Structure 争 middle | HanziFinder
177 
争 middle * 力求获得，互不相让。 ～夺。竞～。～长论短。 * 力求实现。 ～取。～气。～胜。 * 方言，差，欠。 总数还～多少？ * 怎么，如何（多见于诗、词、曲） ～不。～知。～奈
dispute, fight, contend, strive
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"志"
(translated) same as "志"
* 〔～水〕水名，今中国河南省伊河的古称
(translated) [Yǐ Shuǐ] river name, ancient name for the Yi River, now in Henan province, China
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 读音zāng[ 粤]，拼音zhēng。 * 人名用字
(translated) Pronunciation: Cantonese zāng, Mandarin zhēng; Used in personal names
* 同"尹"
(translated) Same as "尹"
* 天干的第七位，用作顺序第七的代称。 * 年龄。 同～。年～。生～（人出生的年月）。～帖（ tiě ）。～齿（年龄）。 * 姓
7th heavenly stem
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"净"
pure, clean, unspoiled
* 同"事"
(translated) same as "事"
* 拼音záng。燥怒。 亦作"𤺧"。 粤语
(Cant.) annoyed, irritated; same as "𤺧"
* 均同"净"
pure, clean, unspoiled
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 读音cwngq。 争论，争执， 顶嘴
(translated) argue; dispute; retort
* 拼音fǎ。玉名
(translated) name of jade
* 疑为"笋"的讹字。 中国人名用字
(translated) Suspected to be a corrupted form of "笋"; Used in Chinese personal names
* 谏，照直说出人的过错，叫人改正。 ～谏。～言。～臣。～友（能直言规劝的朋友。亦作"争友"）。 * 〔～人〕古代传说中的矮小人种。亦称"靖人"。 * 纷争，争。 ～紊（争论是非）
to expostulate; to remonstrate
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音zhēng。 * [～]（ 声音）哀婉。 * 地名用字。] 辽宁兴城有礁石叫[～咀石]
(Cant.) to owe
* "潚" 的类推简化字
(simplified form of 潚) deep and clear (said of water) (same as 溲) to urinate, to immerse; to soak; to drench, to wash rice (same as 瀟) rushing rain and wind; roar of gust
* 读音kaigane（ 胛）。肩胛
(translated) shoulder blade; scapula
* 群居。 * 聚集的地方。 学～
(translated) group living; gathering place
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 同"峮"。 * 拼音qún
mountains adjoining, mountain chain; name of a mountain
* 同"唐"。《可洪音義》："～ 賢：上徒郎反。 填字切脚也。正作唐。" 见《康熙字典》( 增订版)
(translated) Same as "唐"
* 拼音xìng。中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 同"𤉙"。中国人名用字
(translated) Same as "𤉙"; Used in Chinese personal names
* 煨烂；扒；燉。闽语
(translated) To braise; to stew; to simmer. Specifically, used in Min dialect
* 撮口作声，打口哨。 ～歌（吟咏）。～傲。～聚（互相招呼，聚集成集，如"～～山林"）。呼～。仰天长～。 * 动物拉长声叫。 虎～。猿～。 * 自然界发出的声音。 北风呼～。海～。 * 飞机或子弹掠过时发出的声音。 飞机尖～着冲上蓝天。炮弹呼～而过
roar, howl, scream; whistle
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"峥"
high, lofty, noble; steep, perilous
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* yǐn ㄧㄣˇ 同"尹"
(translated) Same as "尹"
* 木束
(translated) bundle of wood
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音jūn。中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 拼音gēng。中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese given names
* 拼音yī。女子人名用字
(translated) Used for female given names
* 同"裙"
the skirt of a lady"s dress petticoat
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 破声。 * 古同"琤"，玉石声
(translated) sound of cracking; anciently same as "琤", sound of jade and stone
* 拼音táng。[(pāng)～] 冻结在一起的样子
(translated) appearance of being frozen solid
* 穷困。 ～厄。～乏。～苦。～困。～迫。～促。～急。 * 难住，使为难。 ～况。～态。～相。～境
embarrassed; hard-pressed
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音zhèng。弓张开
(translated) bow drawn open
* 拼音sù。姓
(a simplified form)
* 同"滗"
(translated) same as 滗
* 拼音qún。人名用字
(translated) Used in personal names
* 〔～狞〕样子凶恶，如"面目～～"
fierce-looking, ferocious
* 美玉
beautiful jade
* 同"抑"
(translated) same as 抑
* 安静："～立安坐而至者，因其械也。" * 捏造。 * 善。 * 古通"靖"，谦恭
(translated) quiet; fabricate; good; anciently interchangeable with "靖", humble
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 弦乐器，木制长形。古代十三或十六根弦，现为二十五根弦
stringed musical instrument; kite
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音jùn。 * 大水。 * 水名
great flowing; big flood, name of a county in ancient times
* 拼音jìng。中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 同"狰"
fierce-looking, ferocious
* "䃤" 的类推简化字
(translated) analogy-based simplified form of "䃤"
* 同"筝"
stringed musical instrument; kite
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音zhēng。[薴]， 草亂貌
(translated) appearance of messy grass; disorderly grass
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"慶"
Semantic variant of 慶: congratulate, celebrate
* 同"蛜"
(translated) Same as "蛜"
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音táng。[哃(tóng)～] 大言
(translated) boastful words; exaggeration
zhēng:* 〔～扎〕尽力支撑或摆脱，如"垂死～～"。 zhèng:* 用力支撑或摆脱。 ～脱。～开。 * 出力取得。 ～钱。～饭吃
strive, endeavor, struggle
* 一种围在腰以下的服装。 ～子。～钗。筒～。连衣～。百褶～。 * 像裙子的东西。 墙～。鳖～。～礁（海岸边的珊瑚礁）
skirt, apron, petticoat
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 寒冷。 风雨～～。～风苦雨。～清。～寒。 * 悲伤。 ～惨。～恻。～楚。～怆。～然。～切。～怨。～厉。～咽。～婉。 * 冷落静寂。 ～凉。～寂。～艳
bitter cold, miserable, dreary
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"𤔷"
(translated) Same as "𤔷"
zhēng:* 〔～扎〕盡力支撐或擺脫，如"垂死～～"。 zhèng:* 用力支撐或擺脫。 ～脫。～開。 * 出力取得。 ～錢。～飯吃
to strive, endeavor, struggle; to earn; to pierce; to wedge in
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
dàng:* 〔～㟐（ mǎng ）〕山石广大的样子。 táng:* 〔～〕山名
(translated) vast appearance of mountains and rocks; mountain name
* 拼音jùn。中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese given names
* 古书上说的一种草
(translated) Herb mentioned in ancient books
* 〔～郚〕地名，在中国山东省昌乐县
(translated) [～郚] place name in Changle County, Shandong Province, China
* 〔～～〕ａ．象声词，金属撞击声；ｂ．喻才能突出，如"铁中～～"；ｃ．喻刚正不阿，如"～～铁骨"。 * （錚）
clanging sound; small gong
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* "頵" 的简体字。 * 拼音jūn。 * 头大的样子。 * 古人名用字
(translated) Simplified form of 頵; Appearance of a large head; Used for ancient personal names
* 同"凄"
sorrowful, grieved, melancholy
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 同"凄"
bitter cold, miserable, dreary
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"窘"，困迫。 * 佝偻，驼背
(translated) Equivalent to the ancient character "窘", meaning hard-pressed; bent over; hunchbacked
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"裙"
a short skirt
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 粤语dai6
(translated) Cantonese dai6
* 〔～棣（ dì ）〕又作"唐棣"，一种树。 * 碗
(translated) Tangdi (dì), also known as Tangdi (唐棣), a type of tree; bowl
* 中国人名用字
(translated) Used for Chinese personal names
* 同"静"
(translated) Same as "静"
* 同"肅"
(ancient form of 肅) respectful; solemn; serious; majestic, neat and quite
* 同"荩"
(translated) Same as 荩
* 同"挣"
(Cant.) to owe
* 读音gyonj 凑，汇集， 合并，集拢
(translated) Gather; assemble; merge; converge
* 古同"捷"
(translated) ancient form of 捷
* 〔～磃〕怪石。 * 〔磅～〕广大，如"其处～～千仞，绝溪凌牟，隆崛万丈，磐石双起。"
(translated) strange stone; vast
* 同"肃"
Semantic variant of 肅: pay respects; reverently
* 拼音zhēng。犁上木
(translated) wooden part of a plow
* 拼音yǔn。雨
(translated) rain
* "𩘹" 的类推简化字
(translated) simplified form of "𩘹" by analogy
* 中国人名用字
(translated) Used for Chinese personal names
* 同"赓"
(translated) Same as 赓
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音gēng。台湾内政部地政用字
(translated) Character used for land administration by the Ministry of Interior of Taiwan
qī:* 鳥禽歇宿："夫以鳥養養鳥者，宜～之深林"。 * 居留，停留。 ～身。～息。～止。～遁（隱居，遁世）。～遲（遊息，居住）。 xī:* 〔～～〕形容不安定。 * 〔～遑〕ａ．忙碌不安，到處奔波；ｂ．被迫。亦作"棲惶"、"栖惶"
perch; roost; stay
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音táng。[～猊] 一种野兽，其皮常用作铠甲
(translated) a kind of beast whose skin was often used for armor
* 同"画"
Semantic variant of 畫: delineate, painting, picture, drawing; draw
* 拼音kāng。地名
(translated) place name
* 拼音zhì。志
(translated) will; ambition; purpose
* 拼音chuò
(translated) Pinyin: chuò
* 同"鬇"
(translated) Same as 鬇
* 拼音zhēng。小羊
young goat, antelope
* 同"舘"字， 即"馆" 字
(translated) Same as "舘", which is "馆"
* 挡，抵拒。 ～风。～寒。～饥。 * 支吾，敷衍。 ～塞（ sè ）。 * 均匀地涂上泥或涂料。 ～瓷。～炉子。 * 同"镗"
ward off, evade; parry; block
* 同"睫"
(translated) Same as 睫
* 同"睫"
(translated) same as eyelash
* 拼音táng。古代传说中的一种牛， 角洁白如玉，喜吃盐， 与蛇同住
(translated) In ancient legends, a type of ox; with jade-white horns; said to eat salt; and live with snakes
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 人名用字
(translated) Used in personal names
* 同"捷"
(translated) Same as "捷"
* 古代指會面時贈送的禮物。 * 送行時贈送的財物。 * 進貢的財物。晋王嘉 * 奉獻，贈送
farewell gift
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->