* 拼音kuì。[～䂕] 短小
(translated) short and small
WNn4ab48
470 
* 拼音guǐ。短矛
(translated) short spear
* "𩖿" 的类推简化字
(translated) simplified character by analogy of "𩖿"
* "賶" 的类推简化字。 * 拼音chuàng 借贷。西南官话。《 成都通览•诈骗》：" 空子想占便宜，东～ 西逗，一手现交。"[～ 钱]暂时向别人借钱用。 中原官话
(translated) simplified form of "賶"; to borrow (Southwest Mandarin); to borrow money temporarily (Central Plains Mandarin)
* "鮠" 的简体字。 * 拼音wéi。 * [～鱼] 体前部平扁，后部侧扁， 浅灰色，无鳞， 眼小，口有四对须， 尾分叉，身长可达三四尺。 生活于江河中
(translated) simplified form of "鮠"; pinyin wéi; [~ fish] describes a fish with a flattened anterior body, laterally compressed posterior body, light gray color, scaleless skin, small eyes, a mouth with four pairs of barbels, and a forked tail, reaching a body length of three to four *chi*, inhabiting rivers
* "𰴽" 的类推简化字
(translated) simplified form of "𰴽" by analogy
* 拼音wǎn。一种长一寸的溪中小鱼
(translated) small stream fish, one inch long
* 拼音yù。呃逆声
(translated) sound of hiccup
* 《四库全书》: 幽涧积岨而礐确修冈峡而～
(translated) steep and sheer
* 拼音quǎn。 * 黏～。 * 同"䊎"
(translated) sticky; same as "䊎"
* 拼音guǐ。[牴～] 置于华表顶上或大门前的两石兽名
(translated) stone beasts placed atop Huabiao columns or before main gates
wěi:* 〔磈～〕ａ．石头。ｂ．足曲。 guì:* 〔石～〕古江名，在今中国安徽省宣城县境内。 * 古同"峗"，山貌
(translated) stone; bent foot; ancient river name, now located in Xuancheng County, Anhui Province, China; same as "峗", mountainous appearance
* 〔～～〕（眼睛）凹陷的样子，如"卿目～～。"
(translated) sunken appearance of eyes
* 古时冠冕上的纽带。 * 浅红色的衣服。 * 网
(translated) tie of ancient crowns; light red clothes; net
kuì:* 倦。 * 跛。 kuǐ:* 刖足
(translated) tired; lame; to amputate the feet
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 将竹子弯曲
(translated) to bend bamboo
* 拼音kuǐ。侧一足。 疑同"尯"
(translated) to incline one foot; suspected to be same as "尯"
* 读音nguẩy[～]不舒服； 不满
(translated) uncomfortable; dissatisfied
* 拼音wéi。门危
(translated) unstable door; rickety door
* 拼音guǐ。极度疲劳
(translated) utterly exhausted
* 读音hoẻn 。 * [～] 朱红。 * 牢固， 紧的。[狭全～] 狭小
(translated) vermilion; bright red; firm; solid; secure; tight; narrow; small
* 读音ngoe 摇尾巴，搞恶作剧
(translated) wag tail; play pranks
* 拼音quǎn。缓慢行走
(translated) walk slowly;
* 读音cang 仓，仓库
(translated) warehouse; storehouse
* 即"鹿藿"，一种草本植物，叶似大豆，根黄而香。亦称"鹿豆"
(translated) which is "鹿藿", a herbaceous plant with leaves resembling soybeans and fragrant yellow roots; also known as "鹿豆"
* 拼音wǎn。船～ 木
(translated) wooden boat
ě:* 〔科～〕古同"科厄"，木节。 è:* 古同"轭"。 * 驾，驭
(translated) ě: Same as "科厄", wood joint; è: Same as "yoke"; To drive, to control
* "……操則存小注新安陳氏曰徼上上文言旣結上文得養之義又結其上文夜氣之義也然上上文文勢終覺豈亦卑指夜氣之文而謂之上上猶言再上……"
(translated) … … Cao then saved the annotation from Chen of Xin"an, saying it means to summarize the previous text about obtaining nourishment, and also summarizes the previous text about night air. However, the momentum of the preceding text ultimately feels like it is also humbly referring to the text about night air and calling it "up up", which is like saying "further up" … …
* 角长短不齐
Acquired from 䍯: (same as 䍯) goat with asymmetric horns
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 黄黑色。 * 东西打湿后出现黄黑色斑纹："空使泪染桃花双袖～。"
Acquired from 䵫: (same as 纁) light red (same as 䵫) yellowish black
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"怨"
Semantic variant of 怨: hatred, enmity, resentment
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"怨"
Semantic variant of 怨: hatred, enmity, resentment
* 同"忧"
Semantic variant of 憂: sad, grieved; grief, melancholy
* 同"岊"
Semantic variant of 扈: escort, retinue; insolent
* "扦" 的繁体
Semantic variant of 扦: probe, poke, prick, pierce
* 同"犯"
Semantic variant of 犯: commit crime, violate; criminal
* 同"跻"
Semantic variant of 躋: ascend, go up, rise
* 同"迁"
Semantic variant of 遷: move, shift, change; transfer
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"範"
a bamboo form; a model
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音wǎn。船名
a boat; a ship; vessel
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
wǎn:* 古同"碗"。 wān:* 穴
a bowl
* 拼音yuān。幡
a dish-cloth; a mopper; a cleaning rag, headdress; a scarf; turban
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音quān。童帽
a kind of cap for children
* 同"鹓"
a kind of phoenix-like bird
* 〔～鱼〕体前部平扁，后部侧扁，浅灰色，无鳞，眼小，口有四对须，尾分叉，身长可达三四尺。生活于江河中
a kind of shad with a head like a sturgeon
* 拼音zhī。五尺高的猪
a large, very strong pig (five hands in height)
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音yuān。同"䡝"
a measure of capacity, a tool used to take out the mud from a well, back covering or shelter of a large carriage, military vehicles
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
yuǎn:* 秤鋺。 yuān:* 锄头曲铁。 wǎn:* 古同"碗"。 wān:* 古同"剜"
a metal bowl
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音yuān。 * 大车后压。 * 兵车
a rear covering of a big carriage, an armed carriage; a military cart; cart used by the soldiers, name of a carriage
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 困苦、灾难。 ～运。～境。 * 阻塞。 阻～。 * 险要的地方。 险～。 * 木节。 * 没有肉的骨头
adversity, difficulty, distress
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 见"绻"
affectionate, solicitous
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 〔缱～〕见"缱"。 * 弯曲，屈。 ～领
affectionate, solicitous
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音guǐ。 * 锸一类的起土工具。 * 有光泽的铁
agricultural implements; from tools, shining iron, a plectrum from stringed the teeth of a saw
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 和顺，（说话）曲折含蓄。 ～顺。～转（ zhuǎn ）（亦作"宛转"）。委～。～辞。 * 美好，柔美。 ～丽。～约
amiable, congenial; restrained
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 有机化合物，无色针状结晶，溶于热酒精，可做媒染剂
an organic compound
* 疲乏。 疲～。～怠。～意。～容。～色。 * 对某种活动失去兴趣。 厌～。～飞（喻厌倦仕宦而归隐）。～游（厌倦游宦生涯）
be tired of, weary
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 气逆上冲作声。 ～逆（因横隔膜拘挛引起的打嗝儿）
belch; hiccup
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 暗绿色（指水） ～海。～浪。～海遗珠（喻被埋没的人才）。～海桑田。～海一粟。 * 寒，冷："日初出，～～凉凉，及其日中，如探汤"
blue, dark green; cold
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 青色（包括蓝和绿） ～翠。～松。～天。～穹（苍天）。～龙。 * 灰白色。 ～白。～～（➊灰白；➋苍茫）。～老。～劲（苍老挺拔，多指树木形态或书画笔力）。 * 姓
blue; green
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
quān:* 曲木做的饮器。 杯～。柳～。 juàn:* 古同"桊"，牛鼻环
bowl
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"碗"
bowl, basin, cup
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 盛（ chéng ）饮食的器皿，上面口大而圆。 饭～。茶～。盖～。～橱。 * 像碗的东西。 轴～儿
bowl, small dish
* 同"碗"
bowl; cup; dish
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"熙"
bright, splendid, glorious
juàn:* 病危："患至而后忧之，是犹病者已～而索良医也。" * 古同"倦"，疲乏："勇猛精进，志愿无～。" * 闷。 * 回顾。 quán:* 〔～～〕恳切诚挚，如"三秋不见每～～，握手山林复怅然。"
careful, sincere, candid
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
qiāng:* 水或食物进入气管引起不适或咳嗽而突然喷出。 * 咳嗽。 * 鸟食。 * 愚蠢的样子。 ～哼。 qiàng:* 有刺激性的气味使鼻、嗓等器官感到不舒服
choke by smoke; irritates nose
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音quǎn。禾相近
closely growing of the rice plants
* 见"鹓"
co-worker
* 抵触，违反。 ～规。～法。～罪。～颜（旧时指冒犯君王或尊长的威严）。～讳。 * 违反法律的人，有罪的人。 ～人。罪～。 * 侵害，进攻。 侵～。秋毫无～。 * 触发，发作。 ～病。～愁。～疑。 * 做错事情。 ～错误
commit crime, violate; criminal
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 抵触，违反。 ～规。～法。～罪。～颜（旧时指冒犯君王或尊长的威严）。～讳。 * 违反法律的人，有罪的人。 ～人。罪～。 * 侵害，进攻。 侵～。秋毫无～。 * 触发，发作。 ～病。～愁。～疑。 * 做错事情。 ～错误
commit crime, violate; criminal
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* （肢体）弯曲；不伸展。 ～伏。～卧。～缩。～作一团
creep like worm, curl one"s body
* 〔～蜒〕a。蛇爬行的样子；b。弯弯曲曲地延伸
creep, crawl
* 容易断，容易碎的。 ～性。～枣。～骨。青～爽口。～生生。～弱。 * 声音清爽（高音） ～亮。～美。清～悦耳。 * 说话做事爽利痛快。 干～。办事很～
crisp; fragile, frail; brittle
* 同"盕"
cups; small cups
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
juǎn:* 同"卷2"。 quán:* 古通"拳"，拳头
curl, roll up; curly, rolled up
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"蜷"
curled, coiled
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 不安全。 ～险。～殆。～言（ａ．故意说吓人的话；ｂ．直言）。～难（ nàn ）。～如累（ lěi ）卵。 * 损害。 ～害。～及。 * 高的，陡的。 ～石。～樯。 * 使人惊奇的。 ～言耸听。 * 端正的，正直的。 正襟～坐。"邦有道，～言～行"。 * 指人临死。 病～。垂～。 * 星名，二十八宿之一。 * 姓
dangerous, precarious; high
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
wǎn:* 〔～演〕（水流）曲折蜿蜒，如"洪澜～～而云回。" wò:* 污，弄脏："愿书岩上石，勿使泥尘～。" yuān:* 〔～水〕古河名
daub
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 欺詐，奸滑。 ～稱。～道。～詐。～辯（➊無理強辯；➋邏輯學上指似是而非的論證，如"～～論"）。 * 怪異，出乎尋常。 ～異。～怪。～祕（隱祕難測）。～譎。 * 責成。 ～求（責求，索討，如"～～無已"）。 * 違反。 言行相～
deceive, cheat, defraud; sly
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 欺诈，奸滑。 ～称。～道。～诈。～辩（➊无理强辩；➋逻辑学上指似是而非的论证，如"～～论"）。 * 怪异，出乎寻常。 ～异。～怪。～秘（隐秘难测）。～谲。 * 责成。 ～求（责求，索讨，如"～～无已"）。 * 违反。 言行相～
deceive, cheat, defraud; sly
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 乘戾；背离。 * 累积；重叠。 * 依。 * 古通"诡"
depend upon; support; go against; (variant deceive)
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 倒塌；倒塌的。 墙～塘汙。～垣。 * 高而危险的地方："（玄鹤）集于郎门之～。"
dilapidated, ruined
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
chuàng:* 开始，开始做。 ～造。～制。首～。开～。～立。～演。～议。 * 独特的。 ～见。～意。～举。 chuāng:* 伤。 ～伤。～口。～巨痛深（喻遭受重大的损失）
establish, create; knife cut
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 眼睛枯陷失明。 * 枯竭。 ～井
eyes without brightness
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音wǎn。[～] 小有财
fairly prosperous, well-to-do; not very rich
* 头发好，引申为美好。 * 头发卷曲
fine growth of hair curly hair
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 〔～子〕ａ．常绿灌木或小乔木，夏季开白花，有浓香。果实卵形，可入药，亦可作黄色染料。有的地区亦称"水横枝"；ｂ．这种植物的果实
gardenia
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 〔～婳〕形容女子娴雅，美好，如"既～～于幽静兮，又婆娑乎人间"
good
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 收藏谷物的建筑物。 米～。粮～。～储。～房。 * 匆忙。也作"～猝"。 * 姓
granary; berth; sea
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 用力掐着，抓住。 ～杀。～腕（用一只手握住另一只手，表示振奋、失意、惋惜等情绪）。力能～虎。 * 抓要点，简要。 ～要。 * 把守，控制。 ～制。～喉拊背（喻控制要害，制敌于死命）。 * 古同"轭"，牛马等拉东西时架在脖子上的器具
grasp, clutch; choke, strangle
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 仇恨。 ～恨。恩～。宿～。～仇。～敌。～府（大家怨恨的对象）。～声载道。 * 不满意，责备。 埋（ mán ）～。抱～。～言。任劳任～
hatred, enmity, resentment
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"嵬"。 * 古同"峗"
high and uneven
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 船，火车和飞机的内部或装载东西的间厢。 客～。货～。前～。底～。～位。～室。船～。机～
hold of ship; cabin
* è ㄜˋ 同"厄"
in distress; adverse; strategic; (Cant.) to swindle
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 〔～卼〕不安
jumpy; jittery; worried; to grasp
* 两膝着地，腰和股都伸直。 ～拜。～叩。 * 足："蟹六～而二螯"
kneel
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
wǎn:* 〔紫～〕多年生草本植物，茎高二米余，叶有锯齿。根和根茎可入药。 * 草木茂盛的样子。 yùn:* 古同"蕴"，郁结，积滞
luxuriance of growth
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 见"鸳"
male mandarin duck (Aix galericulata)
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 〔～鸯〕水鸟，比鸭小，栖息于池沼之上，雌雄常在一起。民间传说和文学上用来喻夫妻；又用来称成偶的东西，如"～～剑"。简称"鸳"，如"～侣"（喻夫妻）。 * （鴛）
male mandarin duck (Aix galericulata)
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 竖立于船的甲板上的长杆，用来挂帆悬旗或兼做吊杆柱等。 ～杆。～樯（桅杆）。船～
mast of ship
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 古代盛酒的器皿。 ～言（卮不灌酒就空仰着，灌满酒就倾斜，没有一成不变的常态，如同说话没有主见或定见。后常用为对自己著作的谦辞，如《诸子～～》） * 古同"栀"，栀子
measuring cup; wine container
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->