中

X6OvmzzL

1254 X6OvmzzL

Related structures

3 ahyhaqnE
1001 耮 U+802E lào

* 农具名。又名"耱"或"盖"。长方形，用荆条或藤条编成，用来平整地面和松田保墒。 * 用耢平整土地。如：耢地。清倪倬

a kind of farm tool

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
45_EC2B45_EC2C45_EC2D45_EC2E45_EC2F45_EC30
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E18F34_E190
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_F5EE
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EDF371_EDF671_EDF471_EDF5
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52DE27_EB9A
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7F385_E7F485_E7F685_E7F585_E7F785_E7F885_E7F985_E7FA85_E7FB
1002 䲏 U+4C8F láo

* 〈方〉海蛰。粤语

a kind of fish

1003 䲐 U+4C90 lǔ

* 拼音lǔ。一种鱼

a kind of fish

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E9BC
1004 苈 U+82C8 lì

* 〔葶～〕见"葶"

a kind of plant

1005 㭭 U+3B6D bā bèi biē

bā:* 木名。 * 同"朳"①具，也作扫除之用。 bèi:* 契券。 biē:* 古代兵器的柄

a kind of tree, a harrow; a drag, a written contract or agreement; a bond; a deed, handles of spears or lances used in ancient times

1006 䳵 U+4CF5 chì

* 同"鶒"

a kind of water bird with colorful feather

1007 㚳 U+36B3

* 同"妿"

a lady teacher to teach the proper rules of female behavior in ancient times

1008 㹢 U+3E62

* 同"𤠙"。 * 〔㺢㹢狓〕非洲产的一种珍贵的哺乳类动物

a large ape found in Western China, a precious mammal found in Africa

1009 㤎 U+390E gē

* 拼音gē。 * 楷模， 典范。 * 知

a model or typical example; technique of standard handwriting, knowledge, to know; to feel; to understand

1010 笳 U+7B33 jiā

* 〔胡～〕中国古代北方民族的一种乐器，类似笛子

a reed leaf whistle

1011 䡃 U+4843 lì

* 拼音lì。刷纑具， 疑指缠绕，收紧麻线的线轴或绞车机械。 会意字，以車( 机械)出力

a tool for brushing the thread, ornamental; brilliant

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
53_F48C
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_EA3294_EA33
1012 功 U+529F gōng

* 劳绩，成绩，与"过"相对。 ～勋。～绩。论～行赏。徒劳无～。～德无量（ liàng ）。～成不居（立了功而不把功劳归于自己）。 * 成就，成效。 成～。～能。～亏一篑。事半～倍。急～近利。 * 物理学上指用力使物体移动的工作，等于力乘移动的距离。 ～率。 * 本领，能耐。 ～夫。～底。～力（a。功夫和力量；b。功效）。～到自然成

achievement, merit, good result

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E18C
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_F5D7
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_529F
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E6D594_E6D694_E6D794_E6D894_E6D994_E6DA94_E6DB94_E6DC94_E6DD94_E6E094_E6E194_E6E294_E6E494_E6E394_E6E594_E6DE94_E6DF
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E79185_E79285_E79385_E79485_E79585_E79685_E79785_E79885_E799
1013 勣 U+52E3 jī

* 同"績"。功績；事業

achievements, conduct deserving

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_F6E5
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
53_EDDF53_EDE0
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7E3E
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E28B85_E28C85_E28D85_E28E85_E28F85_E29085_E29185_E29285_E29385_E29485_E295
1014 勄 U+52C4 mǐn

* 古同"敏"。"力"

active; clever; prompt witty; smart; earnest; diligent; to hasten

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_F1DB41_F1DD41_F1DF
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_F1CD31_F1D131_F1D031_F1CF31_F1CE
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_654F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F78E81_F78F81_F79081_F79181_F79281_F79381_F794
1015 加 U+52A0 jiā

* 增多。 增～。追～。～倍。～封。 * 把本来没有的添上去。 ～注解。～冕。 * 把几个数合起来的算法。 ～法。 * 施以某种动作。 ～以。不～考虑。 * 使程度增高。 ～工。～强。～剧。 * 超过。 ～人一等（形容学问才能超过常人）。 * 姓

add to, increase, augment

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E19434_E19634_E195
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
53_F25253_F25353_F25453_F23653_F23753_F23853_F23953_F23A53_F23B53_F23C53_F23D53_F23E53_F23F53_F24053_F24153_F24253_F24353_F24453_F24553_F24653_F24753_F24853_F24953_F24A53_F24B53_F24E53_F24C53_F24D53_F24F53_F25057_F5F157_F5F257_F5F0
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52A0
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E75394_E75494_E75594_E75694_E75794_E75A94_E75B94_E75894_E759
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E80185_E80285_E803
1016 务 U+52A1 wù

* 事情。 事～。任～。公～。特～。不识时～（不认识时代潮流和当前形势）。 * 从事，致力。 ～工。～实（从事或讨论具体的工作）。～虚。当～之急。 * 追求。 好（ hào ）高～远。 * 必须，一定。 ～必。～须。除恶～尽。 * 旧时收税的关卡（现多用于地名） 曹家～（在中国河北省）。 * 姓

affairs, business; must, should

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E18D
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EDE671_EDE7
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52D9
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7A185_E7A285_E7A385_E7A485_E7A5
1017 務 U+52D9 wù

wù:* 從事；致力。 * 追求；謀求。如；貪多務得。 * 緊要的事情。 * 事；事情。如。 公務；稅務；家務。 * 事業；工作。 * 古代官署名。多為掌管貿易和稅收的機構。 * 方言。墟市；集市。 * 店鋪。宋元俗語多指酒店。 * 必須；一定。如。 務必；務須；務請出席。 * 姓。 w:* 通"侮"。 wú:* 〔務婁〕古邑名。又人名。 máo:* 同"嵍"。山丘前高後低。 mào:* 通"瞀"。昏亂；眩惑。 * 通"冃（冒）"。冠

affairs, business; must, should

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E18D
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EDE671_EDE7
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52D9
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EDE671_EDE794_E6F494_E6F594_E6F694_E6F994_E6FA94_E6FB94_E6FC94_E6F794_E6F8
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7A185_E7A285_E7A385_E7A485_E7A5
1018 㶭 U+3DAD jiù yǒu

* 拼音yǒu。[～炄] 欲干

almost dry; not completely dried

1019 柺 U+67FA guǎi

* 同"枴"

an old man"s staff

1020 柺 U+67FA guǎi

* 同"枴"

an old man"s staff

1021 珈 U+73C8 jiā

* 古代妇女的一种头饰，用头发编成假髻，称"副"；再用簪子把副别在头上，上加玉饰，称"珈"；珈数多少有表明身份的作用，如"六珈"为侯伯夫人所用

an ornament attached to a woman"s hairpin

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_E243
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
55_E36B55_E36C
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_73C8
1022 另 U+53E6 lìng

* 别的，以外。 ～外。～行（ xíng ）。～议。～眼看待。～起炉灶（ａ．喻重新做起；ｂ．喻另立门户，另搞一套）

another, separate, other

1023 𤓘 U+244D8 yè

* 火貌

appearance of fire

1024 劣 U+52A3 liè

* 恶，坏。 恶～。～迹。 * 低下，弱下。 ～势。～等。低～。优～。 * 小于一定标准的。 ～弧（小于半圆的弧）

bad, inferior; slightly

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52A3
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E73594_E736
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7F085_E7F185_E7F2
1025 劣 U+52A3 liè

* 恶，坏。 恶～。～迹。 * 低下，弱下。 ～势。～等。低～。优～。 * 小于一定标准的。 ～弧（小于半圆的弧）

bad, inferior; slightly

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52A3
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E73594_E736
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7F085_E7F185_E7F2
1026 笾 U+7B3E biān

* 古时祭祀和宴会用以盛干食品的竹器。 * 古代王宫中一种从事杂役的奴隶

bamboo container for food

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7C6927_E400
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E9CE82_E9CF82_E9D0
1027 劬 U+52AC qú

* 过分劳苦，勤劳。 ～劳（指父母养育子女的劳苦）。～～。～录（勤劳，亦作"劬禄"）。 * 慰劳："食（ sì ）子者三年而出，见于公宫，则～"

be diligent, toil, endeavor

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52AC
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E78594_E786
1028 劼 U+52BC jié

* 慎重。 * 稳固。 * 勤勉

be discreet, prudent, cautious

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
39_E390
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52BC
1029 协 U+534F xié

* 共同合作，和洽。 ～商。～定。～和。～调（ tiáo ）。～议。 * 帮助，辅助。 ～助。～同。～理

be united; cooperate

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_F2F734_F2FC34_F2FD34_F2FA34_F2FB34_F2FF34_F2FE
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_535427_EBA1
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E82C85_E82D85_E82E85_E82F85_E83085_E83185_E83285_E83385_E83485_E83585_E83685_E83785_E83885_E839
1030 協 U+5354 xié

* 共同合作，和洽。 ～商。～定。～和。～調（ tiáo ）。～議。 * 幫助，輔助。 ～助。～同。～理

be united; cooperate

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_F2F734_F2FC34_F2FD34_F2FA34_F2FB34_F2FF34_F2FE
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_535427_EBA1
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E78D94_E78C
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E82C85_E82D85_E82E85_E82F85_E83085_E83185_E83285_E83385_E83485_E83585_E83685_E83785_E83885_E839
1031 恊 U+604A xié

* 古同"协"，同心；和协。 * 古同"愶"。 * 服

be united; cooperate

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_F2F734_F2FC34_F2FD34_F2FA34_F2FB34_F2FF34_F2FE
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_EBA0
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E78A94_E78B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E9D2
1032 黝 U+9EDD yǒu yī

* 黑色。 ～黑

black

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9EDD
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_EA91
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E52E
1033 勇 U+52C7 yǒng

* 有胆量，敢做。 ～敢。～毅。～气。～士。英～。奋～。 * 中国清代称战争时期临时招募的兵士。 兵～。劲～。募～。 * 姓

brave, courageous, fierce

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E19734_E19834_E199
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_F5F357_F5F453_F25553_F25653_F25753_F25857_F5F857_F5F557_F5F657_F5F7
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52C727_EB9E27_607F
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E76294_E76394_E76494_E76594_E76694_E76994_E76794_E76871_EB9771_EB9894_E76B94_E76C94_E76D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E80485_E80585_E80685_E80785_E80885_E80985_E80A85_E80B85_E80C85_E80D85_E80E85_E80F85_E81085_E811
1034 勇 U+52C7 yǒng

* 有胆量，敢做。 ～敢。～毅。～气。～士。英～。奋～。 * 中国清代称战争时期临时招募的兵士。 兵～。劲～。募～。 * 姓

brave, courageous, fierce

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E19734_E19834_E199
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_F5F357_F5F453_F25553_F25653_F25753_F25857_F5F857_F5F557_F5F657_F5F7
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52C727_EB9E27_607F
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E76294_E76394_E76494_E76594_E76694_E76994_E76794_E76871_EB9771_EB9894_E76B94_E76C94_E76D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E80485_E80585_E80685_E80785_E80885_E80985_E80A85_E80B85_E80C85_E80D85_E80E85_E80F85_E81085_E811
1035 勇 U+52C7 yǒng

* 有胆量，敢做。 ～敢。～毅。～气。～士。英～。奋～。 * 中国清代称战争时期临时招募的兵士。 兵～。劲～。募～。 * 姓

brave, courageous, fierce

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E19734_E19834_E199
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_F5F357_F5F453_F25553_F25653_F25753_F25857_F5F857_F5F557_F5F657_F5F7
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52C727_EB9E27_607F
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E76294_E76394_E76494_E76594_E76694_E76994_E76794_E76871_EB9771_EB9894_E76B94_E76C94_E76D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E80485_E80585_E80685_E80785_E80885_E80985_E80A85_E80B85_E80C85_E80D85_E80E85_E80F85_E81085_E811
1036 捌 U+634C bā

* "八"的大写。 * 同"扒"，破裂，分开。 * 古代一种聚拢谷物的没有齿的耙

break open, split open; an accounting version of the numeral eight

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_634C
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F438
1037 枷 U+67B7 jiā

* 旧时一种套在脖子上的刑具。 ～锁（旧时的两种刑具，喻束缚）。～号（古代刑法，将犯人上枷，写明罪状示众）

cangue scaffold

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_67B7
1038 虜 U+865C lǔ

* 俘獲。 ～獲。俘～。（➊打仗時捉住敵人；➋打仗時捉住的敵人）。 * 俘獲的人。 * 中國古代對北方外族的貶稱

to capture, imprison, seize; a prison

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
36_F7BB
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_EEAF
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_865C
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_EF4392_EF4492_EF4592_EF4692_EF4792_EF4A92_EF4B92_EF4C92_EF4892_EF49
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E37683_E37783_E37883_E37983_E37A83_E37B83_E37C83_E37D
1039 掳 U+63B3 lǔ

* 抢取。 ～掠。～人勒赎

capture, seize

1040 擄 U+64C4 lǔ

* 见"掳"

capture, seize

1041 擄 U+64C4 lǔ

* 见"掳"

capture, seize

1042 觔 U+89D4 jīn

* 同"筋"。 * 同"斤"

catty

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E45071_E451
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7B4B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E79682_E79782_E79882_E79A82_E799
1043 劵 U+52B5 quàn juàn

* 古同"倦"。 * 止

certificate, ticket; title deeds

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
53_F23353_F23453_F23557_F5EF
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_F5AC
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E74B94_E74C94_E74D94_E74E
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_ED6783_ED6883_ED6983_ED6A83_ED6B
1044 迦 U+8FE6 xiè jiā

* 译音字，用于专名

character for transliteration

1045 唠 U+5520 lào láo

lào:* 方言，说话，闲谈。 有话慢慢～。～扯。～嗑。 láo:* 〔～叨〕说起来没完（"叨"读轻声）。亦作"唠唠叨叨"

chat, jaw, gossip, talk

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_562E
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F26985_F05E
1046 嘮 U+562E lào láo

lào:* 方言，說話，閒談。 有話慢慢～。～扯。～嗑。 láo:* 〔～叨〕說起來沒完。亦作"嘮嘮叨叨"

chat, jaw, gossip, talk

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_562E
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F26985_F05E
1047 筯 U+7B6F zhù

* 同"箸"

chopsticks, tongs

1048 墈 U+5888 kàn

* 险陡的堤岸、山崖。 高～

cliff

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E5F985_E5FA85_E5FB
1049 磡 U+78E1 kàn

* 岩崖下边的地方："～有废庵曰莲菂庵。" * 山崖："崖～壁立。" * 堤岸："又要管淘河砌～。"

cliff, ledge, bank; step

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E027
1050 咖 U+5496 kā gā

kā:* 〔～啡〕常绿灌木或小乔木，产在热带，叶长卵形，花白色，果实红色，种子可制饮料。 gā:* 〔～喱〕用胡椒、姜黄、香椒等的粉末做成的调味品

coffee; a phonetic

1051 賀 U+8CC0 hè

* 慶祝，祝頌。 祝～。～喜。～詞。～電。～禮。 * 姓

congratulate; send present

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_ECDF
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E683
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8CC0
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E68392_EB0492_EB0592_EB0692_EB0792_EB08
1052 贺 U+8D3A hè

* 庆祝，祝颂。 祝～。～喜。～词。～电。～礼。 * 姓

congratulate; send present

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_ECDF
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E683
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8CC0
1053 痨 U+75E8 láo

* 中医指积劳损削之病。 五～（五脏劳损，"心劳"、"肝劳"、"肺劳"、"脾劳"、"肾劳"的总称）。 * 结核病的俗称。 肺～。骨～

consumption; tuberculosis

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7646
1054 癆 U+7646 láo lào

* 中醫指積勞損削之病。 五～（五臟勞損，"心勞"、"肝勞"、"肺勞"、"脾勞"、"腎勞"的總稱）。 * 結核病的俗稱。 肺～。骨～

consumption; tuberculosis

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7646
1055 懃 U+61C3 qín

* 古同"勤"："成王举文武～劳。" * 姓

courteous, cordial; zealous

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E19134_E19234_E193
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52E4
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_EE7193_EE72
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E9DF84_E9E0
1056 𠿛 U+20FDB lǔ

* 同"嚧"。 * 拼音lǔ。 * [～～]唤猪的声音

cry used in calling pigs

1057 勦 U+52E6 chāo jiǎo

jiǎo:* 勞累；勞擾。 * 討伐；滅絕。通"剿"。 chāo:* 抄取；抄襲。 * 矯健；敏捷

destroy, exterminate, annihilate

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_F35D
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_E5E5
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52E6
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_EEDB
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F6B982_F6BA82_F6BB82_F6BC82_F6BD
1058 扐 U+6250 lè lì cái

lè:* 古代数蓍草占卜，将零数夹在手指中间称"扐"。 * 手指之间："归奇于～以像闰。" * 余数。 lì:* 捆绑。 * 中国西汉地名，故址在今山东省商河县。 cái:* 古同"材"

divine

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
56_EAC156_EAC256_EAC356_EAC456_EAC556_EAC6
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E5F471_E5F571_E5F671_E5F7
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6250
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_F675
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F3A9
1059 为 U+4E3A wéi wèi

wéi:* 做，行，做事。 ～人。～时。～难。不～己甚（不做得太过分）。 * 当做，认做。 以～。认～。习以～常。 * 变成。 成～。 * 是。 十两～一斤。 * 治理，处理。 ～政。 * 被。 ～天下笑。 * 表示强调。 大～恼火。 * 助词，表示反诘或感叹。 敌未灭，何以家～？ * 姓。 wèi:* 替，给。 ～民请命。～虎作伥。～国捐躯。 * 表目的。 ～了。～何。 * 对，向。 不足～外人道。 * 帮助，卫护

do, handle, govern, act; be

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_EDFA41_EDFB41_EDFC41_EDFD41_EDFE41_EDFF41_EE0041_EE0141_EE0241_EE0341_EE0441_EE0541_EE0641_EE0741_EE0841_EE0941_EE0A41_EE0B41_EE0C41_EE0D41_EE0E41_EE0F41_EE1041_EE1141_EE12
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_EE5031_EE4931_EE4A31_EE4D31_EE4631_EE4C31_EE6C31_EE4731_EE4831_EE4431_EE4B31_EE4531_EE4F31_EE5231_EE6D31_EE5731_EE5831_EE5131_EE5631_EE6E31_EE5331_EE5B31_EE5C31_EE8431_EE5931_EE6231_EE6031_EE6131_EE5E31_EE5A31_EE6331_EE5D31_EE6631_EE8031_EE5431_EE5531_EE5F31_EE6731_EE6831_EE6931_EE6431_EE7331_EE6531_EE7431_EE7831_EE7931_EE7731_EE7A31_EE7B31_EE7531_EE7631_EE7131_EE7D31_EE7E31_EE6A31_EE6B31_EE7F31_EE7031_EE8131_EE7231_EE7C31_EE6F
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
55_EFD155_F05655_F05555_EF9A55_F05955_EFAE55_EFB055_EFAF55_F05755_EFB155_EFA055_EFA255_EFBB55_EFBC55_EF9E55_EFBD55_EF9F55_EFBE55_EFC155_EFBF55_EFC055_EFA155_EFC755_EFC855_EFC955_EFCA55_EFCB55_EFCC55_EFCD55_F03955_F05855_F03B55_F03A55_F03C55_F03D51_EFC151_EFC251_EFC351_EFC451_EFC551_EFC651_EF9051_EF9151_EFAD51_EFAE51_EFAF51_EFB051_EFB151_EFB251_EFB351_EFB451_EFB551_EFB651_EFB751_EFB851_EFB951_EFBA51_EFBB51_EFBC51_EFBD51_EFBE51_EFBF51_EFC051_EF5051_EF5151_EF5251_EF5351_EF5451_EF5551_EF5651_EF5751_EF5851_EF5951_EF5A51_EF5B51_EF5C51_EF5D51_EF5E51_EF5F51_EF6151_EF6051_EF6251_EF6351_EF6451_EF6551_EF6651_EF6751_EF6851_EF6A51_EF6951_EF6B51_EF6C51_EF6D51_EF6E51_EF6F51_EF7051_EF8751_EF7151_EF7251_EF8851_EF7351_EF7451_EF7551_EF7651_EF7751_EF7851_EF7951_EF7A51_EF7B51_EF7C51_EF7D51_EF7E51_EF7F51_EF8951_EF8051_EF8151_EF8B51_EF8251_EF8C51_EF8351_EF8451_EF8551_EF8651_EF8A51_EF8D51_EF8E51_EF8F51_EF9451_EF9551_EF9851_EF9651_EF9951_EF9A51_EF9B51_EF9C51_EF9E51_EF9F51_EFA051_EFA151_EFA251_EF9D51_EFA351_EFA451_EFA551_EFA651_EF9251_EF9351_EFA951_EFAA51_EFA751_EFAB51_EFAC51_EFA855_F02B55_F05255_F05A55_F02E55_F02D55_EF9755_F02C55_F02F55_F03055_F03255_F03355_EF9655_F03455_F05355_F03155_F05B55_F03555_F05C55_F05D55_F05F55_F05E55_F02755_F02855_EF9955_F05455_F03655_F02955_F03755_F05155_F03855_F02A55_F06055_F06155_F06255_EF9855_EF9B55_EF9D55_EF9C55_EFC255_EFC355_EFC455_EFC555_EFC655_EFD055_EFA355_EFA455_EFA655_EFA555_EFA755_EFA855_EFAA55_EFA955_F06355_EFAB55_EFAC55_EFAD55_EFBA55_EFB355_EFB455_EFB255_EFB555_EFB855_EFB655_EFB955_EFB755_F03F55_F03E55_F04055_F04B55_F04155_F04355_F04455_F04255_F04555_F04655_F04855_F04755_F04955_F04A55_F04C55_F04F55_F04D55_F04E55_F05055_EFCE55_EFCF55_EFD355_EFD455_EFD555_EFD655_EFD755_EFE055_EFE255_EFE355_EFE155_EFE455_EFD955_EFFA55_EFDD55_EFF955_EFDA55_EFDC55_EFDB55_EFFB55_EFF855_EFD855_EFDE55_EFDF55_EFE655_EFE555_EFE755_EFE855_EFE955_EFEA55_EFF755_EFEB55_EFEC55_EFED55_EFEE55_EFF155_EFEF55_F00255_EFF055_EFFC55_EFFD55_EFFE55_F00055_F00155_F00555_EFF255_EFF355_EFF455_EFF555_F00455_F00655_F00355_EFFF55_EFF655_F00755_F00A55_F00955_EFD255_F00855_F00B55_F01155_F00C55_F01355_F01455_F01255_F00D55_F00E55_F01655_F00F55_F01755_F01555_F01055_F02555_F01855_F01955_F01A55_F01C55_F01B55_F02255_F01D55_F02055_F02155_F01E55_F02455_F01F55_F02355_F026
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E2C771_E2C271_E2C371_E2C471_E2C571_E2C871_E2C671_E2C971_E2CD71_E2CC71_E2CA71_E2CB71_E2CE
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_70BA27_F286
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E2C271_E2C371_E2C471_E2C571_E2C671_E2C771_E2C871_E2C971_E2CA71_E2CB71_E2CC71_E2CD91_F05E91_F05F91_F06091_F06191_F06291_F06391_F06491_F06591_F06691_F06791_F06891_F06991_F07091_F07191_F07291_F07391_F06A91_F06B91_F07491_F07591_F05C91_F06C91_F06D91_F05D91_F06E91_F06F91_F07691_F077
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F4FE81_F4FF81_F50081_F50181_F50281_F50381_F50481_F50581_F50681_F50781_F50881_F50981_F50A81_F50B81_F50C81_F50D81_F50E81_F50F81_F51081_F51181_F51281_F51381_F51481_F51581_F516
1060 边 U+8FB9 biān bian

* 物体的周围部分，外缘。 ～缘。～沿。 * 国家或地区交界处。 ～疆。～界。～防。～境。～陲（边境）。 * 几何学上指夹成角或围成多角形的直线。 等～三角形。 * 旁侧，近旁。 身～。～锋。 * 方面。 ～干（ gàn ）～学。 * 表示方位。 上～。外～。 * 姓

edge, margin, side, border

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_F560
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_E8EA31_E8EB
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_EA4A
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E19071_E191
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_908A
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_ECB081_ECB1
1061 効 U+52B9 xiào

* 同"效"

efficacious, effectiveness; to toil, to serve in the army

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_F1E441_F1E541_F1E641_F1E741_F1E841_F1E941_F1EA41_F1EB41_F1EC41_F1ED41_F1EE41_F1EF41_F1F041_F1F141_F1F2
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_F1E331_F1E031_F1E431_F1E131_F1E231_F1E5
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E33A71_E33B71_E33C
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6548
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E33A71_E33B71_E33C91_F25A91_F25B91_F25D91_F25E91_F25C91_F25F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E823
1062 茄 U+8304 qié jiā

* 〔～子〕一年生草本植物，花紫色。果实一般为紫色，也有白色或绿色的，可食，如"拌～泥"。 * 〔番～〕一年生草本植物，花黄色。果实圆形，熟时红、黄色。亦称"西红柿"，可食

eggplant

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8304
1063 劭 U+52AD shào

* 劝勉，自强。 老而益～。 * 美好，高尚。 年高德～

encourage; to excel; excellent

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52AD
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E70D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7AE85_E7AF85_E7B085_E7B185_E7B285_E7B385_E7B4
1064 勉 U+52C9 miǎn

* 力量不够而尽力做。 ～力。～强（ qiǎng ）。～为其难。 * 劝人努力，鼓励。 ～励。～勖。～慰。自～。互～。 * 努力。 勤～。奋～

endeavor, make effort; urge

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
39_E392
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EDE871_EDE971_EDEA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52C9
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EDE871_EDE971_EDEA94_E70494_E70594_E70694_E70994_E70A94_E70B94_E70C94_E70794_E708
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7AC85_E7AD
1065 勔 U+52D4 miǎn

* 古同"勉"，勉励

endeavor, make effort; urge

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E82685_E827
1066 勉 U+52C9 miǎn

* 力量不够而尽力做。 ～力。～强（ qiǎng ）。～为其难。 * 劝人努力，鼓励。 ～励。～勖。～慰。自～。互～。 * 努力。 勤～。奋～

endeavor, make effort; urge

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
39_E392
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EDE871_EDE971_EDEA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52C9
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EDE871_EDE971_EDEA94_E70494_E70594_E70694_E70994_E70A94_E70B94_E70C94_E70794_E708
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7AC85_E7AD
1067 勉 U+52C9 miǎn

* 力量不够而尽力做。 ～力。～强（ qiǎng ）。～为其难。 * 劝人努力，鼓励。 ～励。～勖。～慰。自～。互～。 * 努力。 勤～。奋～

endeavor, make effort; urge

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
39_E392
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EDE871_EDE971_EDEA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52C9
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EDE871_EDE971_EDEA94_E70494_E70594_E70694_E70994_E70A94_E70B94_E70C94_E70794_E708
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7AC85_E7AD
1068 勗 U+52D7 xù

* 同"勖"

enjoin, advise, excite

1069 勖 U+52D6 xù

* 古同勉励。 ～勉

enjoin, advise, preach to

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52D6
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E70E
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7BB
1070 劾 U+52BE hé

* 揭发罪状。 弹（ tán ）～。参（ cān ）～

examine into, impeach, charge

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EDF871_EDF9
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52BE
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EDF871_EDF994_E77E94_E77F94_E78094_E781
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E81A85_E81B
1071 嘉 U+5609 jiā

* 善，美。 ～言。～宾。～言懿行。 * 夸奖，赞许。 ～奖。～许。～勉。 * 吉庆，幸福。 ～祥。～偶。 * 欢乐。 ～会。 * 姓

excellent; joyful; auspicious

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_E44432_E44532_E44A32_E44632_E45132_E44B32_E44732_E44C32_E44932_E44832_E44D32_E44E32_E44F32_E450
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_E19652_E19752_E19852_E19952_E19A52_E19B56_E75856_E75956_E75A56_E75B
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5609
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E2A792_E2AB92_E2AC92_E2AD92_E2AE92_E2AF92_E2B092_E2B192_E2A892_E2A992_E2AA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_ECDA82_ECDB82_ECDC82_ECDD
1072 哿 U+54FF kě gě

gě:* 表示称许，可嘉："～矣能言。" jiā:* 古通"珈"，妇女的首饰

excellent; to commend to be able to

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_54FF
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_EC29
1073 勯 U+52EF dān

* 古同"殚"，尽，绝

exhausted

1074 伪 U+4F2A wěi wèi

* 假，不真实。 ～造。～装。～劣。～证。～善。虚～。去～存真。 * 不合法的。 ～政府。～军

false, counterfeit, bogus

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E8C771_E8C871_E8C971_E8CA71_E8CB
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_507D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_ECF383_ECF4
1075 妫 U+59AB guī

* 〔～河〕水名，源出中国北京市延庆县，流入桑干河。 * 姓

family name

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_F10133_F10233_F10533_F10833_F10633_F10933_F10333_F10433_F107
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5AAF
1076 耞 U+801E jiā

* 〔连～〕拍打谷物、使子粒脱落下来的农具，由一个长柄和一排竹条或木条构成

flail

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_67B7
1077 劻 U+52BB kuāng

* 〔～勷（ráng ㄖㄤˊ）〕急迫；惶遽不安，如"新师不牢，～～将逋。"

flurried, be in flurry, zealous

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E824
1078 雾 U+96FE wù

* 接近地面的水蒸气，遇冷凝结后飘浮在空气中的小水点。 ～气。～霭。迷～。云～。～淞（通称"树挂"）。 * 像雾的东西。 烟～。～剂。喷～器

fog, mist, vapor, fine spray

1079 霧 U+9727 wù méng

wù:* 雾气。气温下降时，空气中所含的水蒸气凝结而浮在接近地面的空气中，常使人视野模糊不清。 * 比喻轻细。 * 比喻浓密。 * 比喻消散。漢司馬相如 * 像雾的许多小水滴。如。 喷雾器。 méng:* 通"雺（霿）"。天色阴暗；昏蒙

fog, mist, vapor, fine spray

Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_F2D2
1080 嫐 U+5AD0 nǎo

* 戏弄

frolic, play with; flirt with

1081 嬲 U+5B32 niǎo

* 纠缠，搅扰："汝能为歌，吾辈即去，不复～。" * 戏弄："弟妹乘羊车，堂前走相～。"

frolic, play with; flirt with; (Cant.) angry

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F687
1082 㔙 U+3519 bǎng péng

* 拼音bēng。大力

great strength; great power

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E822
1083 㔡 U+3521 biē

* 拼音biē。大力

greatly; deeply, with great strength; vigorous

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E829
1084 懄 U+61C4 qín

* 古同"慬"。 * 古同"勤"

grief

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E19134_E19234_E193
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52E4
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7FE85_E7FF85_E800
1085 夯 U+592F hāng bèn

hāng:* 砸地基用的工具。 木～。蛤蟆～。打～。 * 用夯砸。 ～土。～实。 * 方言，用力打。 拿棍子～。 bèn:* 同"笨"

heavy load, burden; lift up

1086 助 U+52A9 zhù chú

zhù:* 帮助协同，辅佐。 辅～。帮～。～手。～人为乐。～桀为虐。拔苗～长（ zhǎng ）。爱莫能～。 * 相传为殷代的租赋制度。 chú:* 古同"锄"，除去

help, aid, assist

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EDE5
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52A9
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EDE594_E6E794_E6E894_E6E994_E6EA94_E6EB94_E6EE94_E6EC94_E6ED
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E79A85_E79B
1087 历 U+5386 lì

* 经过。 经～。来～。阅～。～尽甘苦。 * 经过了的。 ～程。～代。～史。～来。 * 遍、完全。 ～览。～数（ shǔ ）。 * 推算年、月、日和节气的方法。 ～法

history; calendar

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_E75B41_E75C41_E75D41_E75E41_E75F41_E76041_E76141_E76241_E76341_E76441_E76541_E76641_E76741_E76841_E76941_E76A
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_E70F31_E710
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_66C6
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E19083_E19183_E19283_E19383_E19483_E19583_E19683_E19783_E198
1088 耡 U+8021 chú

* 同"锄"

hoe

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8021
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E02A92_E029
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E8C185_E8C385_E8C2
1089 鋤 U+92E4 chú jǔ

* 弄鬆土地及除草的工具。 ～頭。鐵～。 * 耪，弄鬆土地及除草。 ～草。～耘。～地。 * 剷除。 ～奸

hoe; eradicate

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EDE5
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52A9
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E84B94_E84E94_E84C94_E84D94_E84F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E79A85_E79B
1090 锄 U+9504 chú

* 弄松土地及除草的工具。 ～头。铁～。 * 耪，弄松土地及除草。 ～草。～耘。～地。 * 铲除。 ～奸

hoe; eradicate

1091 勅 U+52C5 chì

* 同"敕"

imperial decree; daoist magic

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E19A34_E19B
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6555
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F7DE81_F7DF
1092 勐 U+52D0 měng

* 勇猛。 * 中国少数民族傣语称小块的平地（多用做地名）；旧时云南省西双版纳傣族地区的行政区划单位

imperial degree; daoist magic

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_E35B
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_731B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E2EF84_E2F084_E2F184_E2F2
1093 㔣 U+3523 lèi léi

* 拼音léi。推

in ancient times to fight against the enemy by pushing down the big rocks from up high; to throw over, to urge; to exert oneself, to carry in the bosom

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_EB99
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7EF
1094 䇷 U+41F7 bǐ bié

* 拼音bié。古代将书于竹简的契约从中剖开， 双方各执一半的凭证

in ancient times; to separated (to rip of; to cut open) the contract or agreement on slips of bamboo and give to both parties as evidence

1095 勤 U+52E4 qín

* 做事尽力，不偷懒。 ～劳。～快。～奋。～政（勤奋于政事）。～谨。～勉。～恳。克～克俭。 * 经常。 ～密（频繁）。来往很～。 * 上班，事务。 ～务。～杂。出～。后～。 * 担心，忧虑。 ～恤（忧虑怜惜）。 * 帮助。 ～王。 * 姓

industrious, diligent, attentive

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E19134_E19234_E193
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52E4
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E74F94_E75091_F02A94_E75294_E751
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7FE85_E7FF85_E800
1096 勤 U+52E4 qín

* 做事尽力，不偷懒。 ～劳。～快。～奋。～政（勤奋于政事）。～谨。～勉。～恳。克～克俭。 * 经常。 ～密（频繁）。来往很～。 * 上班，事务。 ～务。～杂。出～。后～。 * 担心，忧虑。 ～恤（忧虑怜惜）。 * 帮助。 ～王。 * 姓

industrious, diligent, attentive

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E19134_E19234_E193
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52E4
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E74F94_E75091_F02A94_E75294_E751
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7FE85_E7FF85_E800
1097 勤 U+52E4 qín

* 做事尽力，不偷懒。 ～劳。～快。～奋。～政（勤奋于政事）。～谨。～勉。～恳。克～克俭。 * 经常。 ～密（频繁）。来往很～。 * 上班，事务。 ～务。～杂。出～。后～。 * 担心，忧虑。 ～恤（忧虑怜惜）。 * 帮助。 ～王。 * 姓

industrious, diligent, attentive

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E19134_E19234_E193
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_52E4
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E74F94_E75091_F02A94_E75294_E751
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E7FE85_E7FF85_E800
1098 㔠 U+3520 hé jiá

* 拼音xiā。[～～]力的声音

industry, sound of making strenuous efforts

1099 幼 U+5E7C yòu yào

* 年纪小，初出生的。 ～儿。～虫。～苗。～年。 * 小孩儿。 ～教（ jiào ）。～师。扶老携～。 * 对儿童爱护："～吾幼，以及人之幼。"

infant, young child; immature

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E12E42_E12F42_E130
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_F6D931_F6DA
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_F5F656_E159
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E3F0
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5E7C
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_F5C991_F5CB91_F5CC91_F5CA71_E3F091_F5C8
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E4F582_E4F6
1100 涝 U+6D9D láo lào

* 雨水过多，被水淹，与"旱"相对。 排～。抗旱防～。～灾

inundate, flood; torrent

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6F87
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_EA56
1101 澇 U+6F87 láo lào

* 雨水過多，被水淹，與"旱"相對。 排～。抗旱防～。～災

inundate, flood; torrent

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6F87
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_EA56