Structure 𠃔 | HanziFinder

194 YsB7NVxs
𠃔

U+2D017

* 同"允"

(translated) same as "允"


U+2D018

* 同"兑"

(translated) Same as "兑"


* jì ㄐㄧˋ 胃里的气体从嘴里出来,并发出声音,即打嗝儿

choke on something eaten

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
43_E00C43_E00D
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_65E128_65E1
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F34183_F34283_F34383_F34483_F345

U+2D019

* 同"兑"

(translated) same as "兑"


U+2D01A

* 同"充"

(translated) same as "充"


U+2D01C

* 同"兑"

(translated) same as 兑


U+2306D jiū

* 拼音jiū

(translated) Pronunciation: jiū


U+23CAA

* 《汗简》:",跃。"《 义云章》

(translated) leap


U+2312E

* 拼音zì。口小的样子

(translated) appearance of a small mouth


U+28681

* 同"䢾"

(translated) same as "䢾"

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_EE6132_EE62

U+23CCC zēn

* 中国人名用字

(translated) Used in Chinese personal names


U+7081
Variants:

* 古同"气"

breath, air, steam, gas. weather. used in Taoist charms

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E7A771_E7A871_E7A9
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6C2327_E5FE27_993C
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E5B883_E5B983_E5BA83_E5BB83_E5BC83_E5BD83_E5BE83_E5BF83_E5C083_E5C183_E5C283_E5C383_E5C483_E5C583_E5C683_E5C783_E5C883_E5C983_E5CA83_E5CB83_E5CC83_E5CD83_E5CE83_E5CF

U+212AE
Variants:

* 同"袁"

(translated) same as "袁"


U+2D810

* 同"抁"

(translated) same as "抁"


U+21259
Variants:

* 同"墍"。 * 拼音xì

Semantic variant of 墍: paint, decorate

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E77B84_E77C84_E77D84_E77E

U+23895

* 拼音cì

(translated) Pronunciation: cì


U+2BD3D

* 金文隶定字。 人名用字。字見《 殷周金文集成引得》1262頁。 * 金文原形字 出自《殷周金文集成》 第2377器銘文中

(translated) used as a personal name; standardized form of a character from bronze inscriptions; original form of a character from bronze inscriptions


U+2312F

* 同"𠘻"字。 即"无" 字。 * 朝鲜本《 龍龕手鑑·雜部》:"𣄯",同"𠘻"

(translated) Same as "𠘻" "𣄯" "无"


U+23130 ě

* 拼音ě。佛经译音用字

(translated) Character used for transliteration in Buddhist scriptures

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E3DD42_E3DE42_E3DF42_E3E042_E3E142_E3E242_E3E342_E3E442_E3E542_E3E642_E3E742_E3E842_E3E942_E3EA42_E3EB42_E3EC42_E3ED42_E3EE42_E3EF42_E3F042_E3F142_E3F242_E3F342_E3F442_E3F542_E3F642_E3F742_E3F842_E3F942_E3FA42_E3FB42_E3FC42_E3FD42_E3FE42_E3FF42_E40042_E40142_E40242_E40342_E40442_E40542_E40642_E40742_E40842_E40942_E40A42_E40B42_E40C42_E40D
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_ED0734_F5C934_ED0934_ED0A34_ED0834_ED9234_F46634_F46732_F7B932_F7B834_EC8934_F20832_F7BA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_EBB883_EBB983_EBBA83_EBBB83_EBBC83_EBBD83_EBBE83_EBBF83_EBC0

U+2490D
Variants:

* 同"璑"

(translated) same as "璑"


U+24D40
Variants:

* 拼音jì。 * 痴呆。 * 羸弱

(translated) dementia; feeble and weak


U+2576A
Variants:

* 同"穊"

(translated) same as 穊

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E45883_E459

U+25B17

* 同"筅"

(translated) Same as "筅"


U+22A91 gài
Variants:

* 同"摡"

(translated) same as "摡"


U+2C19F

* 金文隶定字, 同"𢪑"

(translated) Clerical script form of bronze script, same as "𢪑"


U+5153 xīn
Variants:

* qīn ㄑㄧㄣ 同"駸"

(translated) same as "駸"

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_E433
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_F0D9
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F30484_F305

U+2A74F

* 金文隶定字。 人名用字。 字見《 殷周金文集成引得》262頁。 金文原形字出自《殷周金文集成》 第10361器銘文中

(translated) Clerical script form of bronze script character; used in personal names


U+23134 liàng

* 拼音liàng。鄙薄

(translated) despise; disdain

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_E49E33_E49D
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E753
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E56293_E36D93_E36E93_E36F93_E36C
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F34683_F34783_F348

U+65E2 jì xì
Variants:

* 动作已经完了。 ~往不咎。~而。 * 已经。 ~成事实。~定。 * 常与"且"、"又"连用,表示两者并列。 ~快又好

already; de facto; since; then

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E6F242_E6F342_E6F442_E6F542_E6F642_E6F742_E6F842_E6F942_E6FA42_E6FB42_E6FC42_E6FD42_E6FE42_E6FF42_E70042_E70142_E70242_E70342_E70442_E70542_E70642_E70742_E70842_E70942_E70A42_E70B42_E70C42_E70D
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_E63C32_E64432_E64232_E65232_E64532_E63D32_E64032_E64332_E63F32_E63E32_E64E32_E66A32_E64932_E64832_E66B32_E64C32_E66932_E66132_E64F32_E64D32_E65A32_E64732_E64632_E65032_E66032_E66632_E67032_E64A32_E66232_E66F32_E65D32_E65632_E65E32_E65132_E64132_E66D32_E64B32_E66732_E66532_E66432_E65532_E65332_E65432_E65732_E65832_E65932_E65C32_E65B32_E66832_E66C32_E66332_E65F32_E66E
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_E2CF52_E2D052_E29F52_E2AA52_E2AC52_E2AD52_E2AE52_E2AF52_E2B052_E2AB52_E2A052_E2A152_E2A252_E2A352_E2B152_E2A452_E2A752_E2A852_E2B452_E2B552_E2B652_E2A952_E2B752_E2B852_E2B952_E2BA52_E2BB52_E2BD52_E2BE52_E2BF52_E2C052_E2C152_E2C252_E2C352_E2C452_E2C552_E2C652_E2C752_E2BC52_E2CC52_E2CD52_E2C852_E2C952_E2CA52_E2CB52_E2CE56_E87256_E87456_E87356_E87956_E87A56_E87556_E87656_E87756_E87856_E87B56_E87C56_E87D56_E87E56_E89A56_E89856_E89956_E87F56_E88256_E88056_E88156_E88356_E88456_E88556_E88656_E88756_E89B56_E88856_E88956_E89C56_E89D56_E88A56_E88B56_E89E56_E88C56_E88D56_E88E56_E88F56_E89156_E89056_E89256_E89F56_E89356_E89456_E89656_E89756_E89556_E87056_E87152_E2A652_E2A552_E2B252_E2B3
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E52871_E52A71_E529
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_65E2
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E3D171_E52871_E52A71_E52992_E3D592_E3D692_E3DB92_E3DC92_E3D292_E3D392_E3D492_E3D792_E3D892_E3D992_E3DA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_EE7782_EE7882_EE7982_EE7A82_EE7B82_EE7C82_EE7D82_EE7E82_EE7F82_EE8082_EE8182_EE8282_EE8382_EE8482_EE8582_EE8682_EE8782_EE88

U+24784 yóu

* 中国人名用字。 或同"猐" 字或"犹" 字

(translated) Used in Chinese personal names; same as "猐"; same as "犹"


U+23135
Variants: 𣄴

* 同"𣄴"

(translated) Same as "𣄴"


U+2E675

* 读音기 伏以臣於病伏淹綴之中得見嶺南直指別單下者其於公木執錢事之陳~賑贍悉說而捄綽有窾要而持回

(translated) statement concerning relief; report concerning relief


U+23131

* 同"𡉙"。 * 拼音jì。 * 碧

(translated) same as "𡉙"; jade green


U+65E3 jì xì
Variants:

* 同"既"

already; de facto; since; then

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E6F242_E6F342_E6F442_E6F542_E6F642_E6F742_E6F842_E6F942_E6FA42_E6FB42_E6FC42_E6FD42_E6FE42_E6FF42_E70042_E70142_E70242_E70342_E70442_E70542_E70642_E70742_E70842_E70942_E70A42_E70B42_E70C42_E70D
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_E63C32_E64432_E64232_E65232_E64532_E63D32_E64032_E64332_E63F32_E63E32_E64E32_E66A32_E64932_E64832_E66B32_E64C32_E66932_E66132_E64F32_E64D32_E65A32_E64732_E64632_E65032_E66032_E66632_E67032_E64A32_E66232_E66F32_E65D32_E65632_E65E32_E65132_E64132_E66D32_E64B32_E66732_E66532_E66432_E65532_E65332_E65432_E65732_E65832_E65932_E65C32_E65B32_E66832_E66C32_E66332_E65F32_E66E
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
56_E88A56_E88B56_E89E56_E88C56_E88D56_E88E56_E88F56_E89156_E89056_E89256_E89F56_E89356_E89456_E89656_E89756_E89556_E87056_E87152_E2A652_E2A552_E2B252_E2B352_E2CF52_E2D052_E29F52_E2AA52_E2AC52_E2AD52_E2AE52_E2AF52_E2B052_E2AB52_E2A052_E2A152_E2A252_E2A352_E2B152_E2A452_E2A752_E2A852_E2B452_E2B552_E2B652_E2A952_E2B752_E2B852_E2B952_E2BA52_E2BB52_E2BD52_E2BE52_E2BF52_E2C052_E2C152_E2C252_E2C352_E2C452_E2C552_E2C652_E2C752_E2BC52_E2CC52_E2CD52_E2C852_E2C952_E2CA52_E2CB52_E2CE56_E87256_E87456_E87356_E87956_E87A56_E87556_E87656_E87756_E87856_E87B56_E87C56_E87D56_E87E56_E89A56_E89856_E89956_E87F56_E88256_E88056_E88156_E88356_E88456_E88556_E88656_E88756_E89B56_E88856_E88956_E89C56_E89D
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E52871_E52A71_E529
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_65E2
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E3D171_E52871_E52A71_E52992_E3D592_E3D692_E3DB92_E3DC92_E3D292_E3D392_E3D492_E3D792_E3D892_E3D992_E3DA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_EE7782_EE7882_EE7982_EE7A82_EE7B82_EE7C82_EE7D82_EE7E82_EE7F82_EE8082_EE8182_EE8282_EE8382_EE8482_EE8582_EE8682_EE8782_EE88

U+2F8CB
Variants:

* 同"既"

already; de facto; since; then


U+2C025

* "𣄸" 的类推简化字

(translated) Analogically simplified form of "𣄸"


* 马棚,泛指牲口棚。 马~。~肥

stable; barnyard

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_E752
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_F82D52_F83552_F82F52_F83052_F83652_F83A52_F83B52_F83C52_F83752_F83852_F83352_F82E52_F83452_F83952_F83D52_F83E52_F84152_F83F52_F84252_F84053_E004
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5EC427_E7DA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F70883_F70983_F70A

U+6168 kǎi
Variants:

* 情绪激昂,愤激。 愤~。慷~。 * 叹息,叹气。 ~叹。感~。 * 豪爽,不吝啬。 ~允。~诺。~然

sigh, regret; generous

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6168
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_ECD793_ECD893_ECD993_ECDA93_ECDB
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E77B84_E77C84_E77D84_E77E

U+23132 kuǐ
Variants:

* 拼音kuǐ。侧一足。 疑同"尯"

(translated) to incline one foot; suspected to be same as "尯"


U+6E89 gài xiè

* 浇灌。 灌~。 * 洗涤

water, irrigate, flood; wash

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EC1F
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EBAA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6E89
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EBAA93_EF7F

U+2E381

* 同"舞"

(translated) Same as "dance"


U+23136
Variants: 𣄴

* 同"𣄴"

(translated) same as "𣄴"


U+23137
Variants: 𣄴

* 同"𣄴"

(translated) same as "𣄴"


U+22674 ài
Variants:

* 同"愛"

(translated) same as "愛"

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E5A971_E5A871_E5AA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_611B
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E5A871_E5A992_E5E092_E5E192_E5E792_E5E892_E5E292_E5E392_E5E992_E5EA92_E5E492_E5E592_E5E6
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F1C582_F1C682_F1C782_F1C882_F1C982_F1CA82_F1CB82_F1CC82_F1CD82_F1CE82_F1CF82_F1D082_F1D182_F1D282_F1D382_F1D482_F1D582_F1D682_F1D782_F1D882_F1D982_F1DA82_F1DB82_F1DC82_F1DD

U+226ED
Variants:

* 同"爱"

Semantic variant of 愛: love, be fond of, like


U+5605 kǎi gě

kǎi:* 古同"慨",叹息。 gě:* 方言,助词,相当于普通话的"的"

sound of sighing; (Cant.) possessive

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E106

U+2946C fǔ guī
Variants:

* 同"规"

(translated) Same as 规


U+21373
Variants:

* 同"塈"

Semantic variant of 墍: paint, decorate


U+23138 huò
Variants:

* 拼音huò。 * 人和动物遇到可怕的事情发出的惊骇的声音。 * 同"祸"

(translated) Pronounced as huò; The sound of terror from humans and animals in frightening situations; Same as "祸"

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
43_E018
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E752

U+5ED0 jiù
Variants:

* 同"廏"

stable; barnyard

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_E752
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_F82D52_F83552_F82F52_F83052_F83652_F83A52_F83B52_F83C52_F83752_F83852_F83352_F82E52_F83452_F83952_F83D52_F83E52_F84152_F83F52_F84252_F84053_E004
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5EC427_E7DA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F70883_F70983_F70A

U+2E908

* 同"阅"。 见《 孔雀经音义》

(translated) Same as "阅"


U+65E4 huò

* 古同"祸"

Semantic variant of 禍: misfortune, calamity, disaster


U+5848 jì xì

* 抹涂屋顶。 * 取。 * 休息

paint, decorate

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5848
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E533
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E59085_E59185_E59285_E593

U+6701 cǎn qián jiàn
Variants:

cǎn:* 副词,表出乎意料;相当于乃,竟:"~不畏明。" qián:* 〔於~〕又作"於潛",古县名,在今中国浙江省杭州市。 jiàn:* 古同"僭",虚假

if, supposing, nevertheless

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EB40
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_ED5956_E65B
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6701
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E1DF92_E1E092_E1E392_E1E192_E1E2
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_EB9382_EB94

U+6982 guì jié gài

* 大略,总括。 大~。~论。~述。~貌。梗~。~要。~算。~括。~念(反映对象的本质属性的思维形式)。~率(概率论的基本概念。用来表示随机事件发生可能性大小的量称为此事件的"概率"。亦称"或然率"、"几率")。以偏~全。 * 情况,景象。 胜~(胜景,美丽的景色)。 * 一律。 一~而论。 * 气度,节操;气~。 * 刮平斗、斛用的小木板

generally, approximately

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6982
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E85B92_E85C92_E85E92_E85D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F435

U+3BA3 gài zé
Variants:

* 同"槩"

(a variant of 概) a piece of wood used to strike off grain in a measure, thus

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6982
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E85B92_E85C92_E85E92_E85D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F435

U+69E9 gài
Variants:

* 同"概"。 * 通"慨",感慨。 * 通"溉",洗滌。 * 姓

generally, approximately

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6982
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E85B92_E85C92_E85E92_E85D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F434

U+6F11 gài
Variants:

* "溉"的旧字形

water

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EC1F
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EBAA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6E89

U+23FA4

* 同"汽"。 * 拼音qì

(translated) Same as "汽"


U+21CBD
Variants:

* 同"憩"

(translated) same as rest


U+8507 jì xì

* 草多的样子。 * 至,来:"善郑以劝来者,犹惧不~,况不礼焉?"

luxuriant growth; extreme; to reach

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8507

U+21059

* 读音kháy [ 呐~]戳穿

(translated) pierce; puncture


U+29FD1 jiāo

* 同"矫"。 * 拼音jiāo

(translated) Same as "矫"


U+2D7A6

* 同"爱"

(translated) same as "love"


U+278BE
Variants: 𧣐

* 拼音jì。角

(translated) horn


U+21823

* 同"𡣨"

(translated) Same as "𡣨"


* 和,及,与。 * 到,至。 ~今。 * 姓

and; attain, reach; confines

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_66A8
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_EE0A92_EE0B92_EE0C92_EE0D92_EE1092_EE1192_EE0E92_EE0F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E1C483_E1C5

U+2485A

* 读音khái 虎

(translated) tiger


U+2F95A
Variants: 𥝪

* 稠密:"深耕~种,立苗欲疏。"

plough deep; sown slowly


U+7A4A
Variants: 𥝪

* 稠密:"深耕~种,立苗欲疏。"

plough deep; sown slowly

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7A4A
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E45883_E459

U+291D7
Variants:

* 同"天"

(translated) Same as "天"


U+FA3E kǎi
Variants:

* 情绪激昂,愤激。 愤~。慷~。 * 叹息,叹气。 ~叹。感~。 * 豪爽,不吝啬。 ~允。~诺。~然

sigh, regret; generous


U+23139

* 同"翫"字。 即"玩" 字

(translated) Same as char. "翫"; i.e., char. "玩"


U+41D2 jiè qín xiàn
Variants:

* 同"届"

(ancient form of 屆) numerary adjunct for periodic terms or events, to arrive, to expire


U+3506 chán
Variants: 𠟆

* 刺。 * 割;剪

to cut; to hack; to reap; to trim or clip, to stab; to pierce; to brand


U+2F967
Variants:

* 同"氣(餼)"。赠送人的粮食或饲料

(same as 氣 餼) to give a supply f grain for rations, grain, a sacrificial victim, explained as used of the living beast


U+42A0
Variants:

* 同"氣(餼)"。赠送人的粮食或饲料

(same as 氣 餼) to give a supply of grain for rations, grain, a sacrificial victim, explained as used of the living beast

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6C2327_E5FE27_993C
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E7A771_E7A871_E7A992_F13E92_F13F92_F14092_F14192_F14292_F14392_F14692_F14792_F14892_F14992_F14A92_F14B92_F14C92_F14492_F14D92_F14592_F14E92_F14F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E5B883_E5B983_E5BA83_E5BB83_E5BC83_E5BD83_E5BE83_E5BF83_E5C083_E5C183_E5C283_E5C383_E5C483_E5C583_E5C683_E5C783_E5C883_E5C983_E5CA83_E5CB83_E5CC83_E5CD83_E5CE83_E5CF

U+9ED6

* 〔~~〕昏暗不明,如"(万物蠢生),芒芒~~。"

(translated) dim and unclear; obscure


U+6461 gài xì

gài:* 古同"溉",洗涤。 * 主。 xì:* 取

to irrigate; to flood water flowing; to scour

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EC1F
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EBAA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6461
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F3CA

U+27733

* 同"概"

(translated) Same as "概"


U+50ED jiàn
Variants:

* 超越本分,古代指地位在下的冒用在上的名义或礼仪、器物。 ~越。~妄。~伪(封建王朝称割据对立的王朝)。~盗

assume, usurp

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_50ED
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_ECD183_ECD283_ECD383_ECD4

U+69EA gài
Variants:

* 同"概"

generally

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6982
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F435

U+2F8EA gài
Variants:

* 同"概"

generally


U+29D6A
Variants:

* 同"鱀"

(translated) Same as 鱀


U+27ADC

* 拼音jì。言无次

(translated) incoherent speech


U+2EA77

* 拼音jì

(translated) Pinyin: jì


U+204F8 shèng
Variants:

* 同"乘"

Semantic variant of 乘: ride, ascend; avail oneself of; numerary adjunct for vehicles


* 惨痛;伤痛。 * 忧伤;忧愁。 * 锋利。 * 深入。 * 繁多。 * 副词。①相当于"曾"、"竟然"。 * 急疾

sorrowful, sad; already, nevertheless

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_61AF
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_EDF4
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E8FC

* 惨痛;伤痛。 * 忧伤;忧愁。 * 锋利。 * 深入。 * 繁多。 * 副词。①相当于"曾"、"竟然"。 * 急疾

sorrowful, sad; already, nevertheless


U+6F5B qián

* 同"潜"

hide; hidden, secret, latent

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6F5B
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_F0D493_F0D593_F0D693_F0D793_F0D3
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_EC2184_EC2884_EC2284_EC2384_EC2484_EC2584_EC2684_EC27

U+4434 guì
Variants: 𦟡

* 拼音guì。腹突然作痛

lumbago

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E78382_E784

U+208F9 jiù
Variants: 𠣿

* 疑同"匓"。 * 拼音jiù。 * 饱

(translated) Same as "匓"; Full


U+5646 zǎn
Variants: 𠾱 𡄋

* 叮咬:"蚊虻~肤,则通昔不寐矣。" * 口衔:"食荐梅,~味含甘。"

(translated) bite; hold in the mouth

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5646
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E8DE

U+66C1
Variants:

* 同"暨"

and; attain

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_66A8
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E1C483_E1C5

U+48DF cán
Variants:

* 拼音cán 又音tì。 * 古亭名

name of pavilion in today"s Shandong Province, to pierce; to stab; to irritate; to hurt


U+8C2E jiàn zèn
Variants:

zèn:* 讒毀;誣陷。 zèn:* 通"僭"。不信

to slander

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
35_EE23
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8B56
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F20581_F20681_F207

U+2CE13

* "𪂫" 的类推简化字

(translated) derivationally simplified form of "𪂫"


100 𡳅
U+21CC5
Variants:

* 同"憩"

(translated) Same as rest


101
U+5D9C jīn
Variants: 𡼫 𡾡

* 〔~崟( yín )〕高峻;险峻,如"玉石~~,眩耀青荧。"

(translated) lofty and steep; precipitous