* 同"柰"
(non-classical form of 奈) but; how; what, a remedy; a resource, to bear, to endure
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81 
* 同"哪"。 * 语气词， 音na轻声
(same as 那 哪) an auxiliary (in grammar), that, there, a final particle
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古书上说的一种树。 * 器具插柄的空筒部分
(translated) A type of tree mentioned in ancient texts; Socket of a tool for inserting a handle
* "鴮" 的类推简化字
(translated) Analogical simplified form of "鴮"
* 拼音nà。佛经译音字
(translated) Buddhist transliteration character
* 粤音noi6、loi6
(translated) Cantonese pronunciations are noi6 and loi6
* 草木的花。 * 芙、蓟等的果实。 * 白茅的花。 * 茂盛："松枯不～，兰渐不泽。"
(translated) Flowers of plants and trees; Fruits of lotus and thistle; Flowers of baimao grass; Lush; Flourishing
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 日本地名曾用字>1994 年3月4 日まで大阪府岸和田市土生町字 ～ノ 腰(はかまのこし?)が存在。 现在は字废止
(translated) Formerly used in Japanese place names; Specifically existed as "～ノ 腰" (Hakamano-koshi?) aza of Habu-cho, Kishiwada City, Osaka Prefecture until March 4, 1994; The aza is now abolished
* 古代佩挂印章的丝带
(translated) In ancient times, silk ribbon for hanging seals
* ：读音なしのき 梨の木
(translated) Pear tree; No pronunciation
* 拼音kuā。中国人名用字
(translated) Pinyin kuā; used for Chinese personal names
* 拼音xū。中国人名用字
(translated) Pinyin: xū; used in Chinese personal names
* 疑同"匏"。 * 拼音páo。 * 中国人名用字
(translated) Presumably same as "匏"; Used in Chinese given names
* ：读音つぐみ " 奈＋鳥"の 会意ではなく、"鶇"の 崩し字の 誤った楷書化によりできた 字か
(translated) Pronounced as tsugumi; likely not a semantic compound of "奈" and "鳥", but a corrupted form of "鶇" due to incorrect regularization of its cursive form into regular script
* 读音なりひさご 生瓢，用于装酒水的葫芦状容器
(translated) Pronounced narihisago; raw gourd, gourd-shaped container for alcoholic drinks
* 同"䖧"
(translated) Same as "䖧"
* 同"嘇"
(translated) Same as "嘇"
* 同"奄"。 * 拼音yǎn。 * 中国人名用字
(translated) Same as "奄"; Used in Chinese personal names
* 拼音nài。[～河桥] 同"奈河桥"
(translated) Same as "奈河桥" (Naihe Bridge)
* 同"瓠"。中国人名用字
(translated) Same as "瓠" (bottle gourd); Used in Chinese personal names
* 同"袴"
(translated) Same as "袴"
* 同"赊"
(translated) Same as "赊"
* 同"鴮"
(translated) Same as "鴮"
* 同"黭"
(translated) Same as "黭"
* 同"𤷈"
(translated) Same as "𤷈"
* 同"𪒂"
(translated) Same as "𪒂"
* 同"皋"
(translated) Same as 皋
* 同"盱"
(translated) Same as 盱
* 疑"觥"的讹字。《 韩国文集丛刊·第一辑》 原文:荣生里巷朝争贺， 誇向妻儿夜未眠。一～ 千年如祝寿，凡於十～ 十千年
(translated) Suspected to be a corrupted form of "觥"
* 佛经音译用字。 对应梵文dha
(translated) Used in Buddhist scripture transliteration; corresponds to Sanskrit dha
* 中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 人名用字
(translated) Used in personal names
* 〔～鸅（ zé ）〕一种水鸟，即"鹈鹕"
(translated) Water bird, namely pelican; pelican
* "𩣔" 的类推简化字
(translated) analogical simplified form of "𩣔"
* 古代附于腰带上的装饰品，用金、银、铁、犀角等制成："至唐高祖……一品、二品～以金，六品以上以犀，九品以上以银，庶人以铁。" * 形似带銙的一种茶，称"銙茶"。 * 量词，计算茶叶銙数的单位
(translated) ancient ornaments attached to belts, made of gold, silver, iron, rhinoceros horn, etc.; a type of tea resembling belt 銙 in shape, called "銙 tea"; a measure word, a unit for calculating the number of tea 銙
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 〔～首〕古地名，在今中国山西省临猗县
(translated) ancient place name, located in present-day Linyi County, Shanxi Province, China
xù:* 古同"旭"。 kuā:* 古人名用字
(translated) anciently same as "旭"; used in ancient personal names
* 拼音fū。竹子的青皮
(translated) bamboo"s green skin
* 鳑鲏
(translated) bitterling
* 读音nai。 * 安慰。 * 赞扬
(translated) comfort; praise; commendation
* 大。 * 高："观其辞，则～然而不及。"
(translated) great; high: "Looking at its words, it is lofty but insufficient."
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音kù。一种虫
(translated) insect
* 拼音kuā。磐石
(translated) massive rock
* kuā ㄎㄨㄚ 义未详
(translated) meaning unknown
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
* 〔杨～〕古湖泽名
(translated) name of an ancient lake
* 拼音kuā。中国人名用字
(translated) pinyin kuā; used in Chinese personal names
* 同"挎"。 * 拼音kuā
(translated) same as "挎"
* 同"盍"
(translated) same as "盍"
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"绹"
(translated) same as "绹" (thick rope; cord)
* 同"誇"
(translated) same as "誇"
* 同"謣"。 * 拼音yú。 * huá
(translated) same as "謣"; pinyin yú; huá
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"銙"。 * 拼音kuǎ。 * kù
(translated) same as "銙"
* 同"赧"
(translated) same as 赧, meaning ashamed
hū:* 胆怯。 * 忧伤。 kuā:* 心自大
(translated) timid; sorrowful; conceited
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 《大毘卢遮那成佛神变加持经莲华胎藏悲生曼荼罗广大成就仪轨供养方便会》: 莲花 虎皮用漫～
(translated) to spread out; to arrange
* 拼音kuà。行走
(translated) to walk; to go
* 同"瓢"
Semantic variant of 瓢: ladle made from dried gourd
* 同"胯"
Semantic variant of 胯: pelvis; groin; thighs
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音nài。一种鱼
a kind of fish
* 拼音kuǎ。 * [～衿] 。 * 袍。 。 * 小衫
a robe; a long gown, a shirt; a short gown
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 倒塌，坍塌。 房子～了。 * 败，坏。 ～台。打～敌人
be defeated, fail, collapse
kuā:* 美好："～容修态。" * 夸大；夸耀："既～丽而鲜双兮。" hù:* 〔婡（ lái ）～〕性不端良
beautiful, handsome, elegant
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
hù:* 〔～子〕a。一年生草本植物，茎蔓生，夏天开白花，果实长圆形，嫩时可食；b。这种植物的果实。 hú:* 瓦壶。 huò:* 〔～落〕大；空阔
bottle gourd; calabash; pot
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
kuà:* 胳膊弯起来挂着东西。 她～着篮子上街。 * 把东西挂在肩上或挂在腰里。 ～包。～着照相机。 kū:* 抠
carry
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 从中间破开再挖空。 ～木为舟。～心（道教指澄清内心的杂念）
cut out, dig, rip up, scoop out
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
kuà:* 誇口；誇燿。 * 誇獎，誇贊。 * 粗；大。 * 美麗。 * 逞。 qù:* 歌唱
exaggerate; brag, boast; flaunt
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 说大话，自吹。 ～口。～张。～耀。～嘴（夸口）。浮～。～～其谈。 * 用话奖励，赞扬。 ～赞。～许。 * 奢侈："贵而不为～"
extravagant, luxurious; handsome
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 〔～瓜〕a。一年生草本植物。果实比葫芦大，对半剖开可做水瓢。b。这种植物的果实。均俗称"瓢葫芦"。 * 中国古代八音之一，如笙、竽等
gourd; musical instrument
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 一种有机化合物，无色结晶，有特殊气味，可以驱虫，常用于制造卫生球、染料、香料等
naphthanlene
* 化学元素"镎"的旧译
neptunium (Np)
* 拼音kuā。 * [～] 同"夸毗"， 卑屈，谄媚。 * 《八辅》 第42区， 第7字
obsequious; servile; fawning, to obey; obedient; to comply
* 套裤。 * 通"胯"。两股之间
pants; trousers; panties
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 腰和大腿之间的部分。 ～裆。～骨。～下之辱
pelvis; groin; thighs
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音xū。喜乐
pleasure; joy
* 不流动的浊水："决～而注之江。" * 洼地；池塘："曲台宣榭，咸变～莱。" * 凹陷："所居宅～下。" * 挖掘："～其宫而猪（潴）焉。" * 涂染："必以其血～其衣。" * 古通"污"："洗～泥者以水。"
stagnant water; impure, filthy
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 抬腿向前或向旁移动越过，迈过。 ～进。～入。～度。 * 骑，两脚分在器物的两边坐着或立着。 ～马。小孩～着门槛。 * 超过时间或地区之间的界限。 ～越。～年度。～国公司。 * 附在旁边。 ～院。 * 古同"胯"
straddle, bestride, ride; carry
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 用手按，抑制。 按～。～手印。 * 笔形之一，由上向右斜下
to press down heavily with the fingers
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"夸"
to revile
* 口音与本地语音不合。 他说话有点儿～。～子（蔑视语）
to speak with an accent; big and clumsy
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 〔纨～〕见"纨"。 * 同"裤"
trousers
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 套裤。 * 绊络
trousers; breeches leggings; drawers
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->