* 同"蟊"
(translated) same as "蟊"; same as "máo"
kIIvpHZg
449 
* 同"觼"
(translated) same as "觼"
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"鏦"
(translated) same as "鏦"
* 同"霿"
(translated) same as "霿"
* 同"霿"
(translated) same as "霿"
* 同"韖"
(translated) same as "韖"
* 同"饕"
(translated) same as "饕"
* 同"髳"
(translated) same as "髳"
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"𣭲"
(translated) same as "𣭲"
* 同"𥎊"
(translated) same as "𥎊"
* 同"𥎝"
(translated) same as "𥎝"
* 同"𦒑"
(translated) same as "𦒑"
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"𨛶"
(translated) same as "𨛶"
* 同"𩅗"
(translated) same as "𩅗"
* 同"𩞝"
(translated) same as "𩞝"
* 同"麰"
(translated) same as barley
* 同"袤"
(translated) same as extensive
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"雾"
(translated) same as fog
* 同"雾"
(translated) same as fog
* 同"枪"
(translated) same as gun
* 同"橘"
(translated) same as mandarin orange
* 同"猱"
(translated) same as monkey
* 同"矛"
(translated) same as spear
* 同"矛"
(translated) same as spear
* 同"墅"
(translated) same as villa
* 同"旄"
(translated) same as 旄
* 拼音róu。同"柔"。罗福颐《 臨沂漢簡通假字表》："柔、～。"《 風角占》："弱風，～ 風，生風不可為客。"
(translated) same as 柔
* 同"煣"。《唐玄宗御制道德真经疏( 二)·唐· 玄宗卷一》："……木为耜木为耒一事以上以利天下此……"
(translated) same as 煣, meaning: to soften
* 同"矜"。 见《 多罗叶记》
(translated) same as 矜
* 同"矠"
(translated) same as 矠
* 同"鏦"
(translated) same as 鏦
* 同"鏦"
(translated) same as 鏦
* 拼音cōng。同"鏦"。短矛
(translated) same as 鏦; short spear
* 同"鑹"
(translated) same as 鑹
* 〔怐（ kòu ）～〕见"怐1"
(translated) see "怐1" for 怐～
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
wù:* 〔巏～〕见"巏"。 máo:* 古同"旄"，旄丘，即前高后低的土山
(translated) see 巏 (quán), used in 巏嵍; anciently same as 旄; Maoqiu, meaning an earthen mound that is high in the front and low in the back
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音guǐ。短矛
(translated) short spear
* 拼音lǐ。小矛
(translated) small spear
* 拼音yǒu。[～(niǔ)] 软
(translated) soft
* 软铁，即熟铁
(translated) soft iron; wrought iron
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音cuān。矛
(translated) spear
* 拼音zhì。矛
(translated) spear
* 拼音xiè。矛
(translated) spear
* 拼音yīng。用羽毛装饰矛
(translated) spear decorated with feathers
* 拼音kài。矛一类的兵器
(translated) spear-like weapon
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音láng。矛一类的兵器
(translated) spear-like weapon
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 矛一类的兵器
(translated) spear-like weapon
* 拼音nǜ。矛一类的兵器
(translated) spear-like weapon
* 拼音zé。矛一类的兵器
(translated) spear-like weapon
* 拼音mí。矛一类的兵器
(translated) spear-like weapon
* 拼音zhài。矛一类的兵器
(translated) spear-like weapon
* 拼音jiǎn。矛一类的兵器
(translated) spear-like weapon
* 拼音zé。矛一类的兵器
(translated) spear-like weapon
* 拼音ròu。馏
(translated) steamed
* 疑同
(translated) suspected to be the same as
* 拼音róu。碾禾脱粒
(translated) thresh grain by rolling
* 读音mềm [～ 要]懦弱， 虚弱
(translated) timid; weak
* 拼音rǒu。往来
(translated) to and fro
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音yù。[～䎉] 飞跑
(translated) to run quickly
* 用火烤木材使弯曲。"斲木为耜，～木为耒。"
(translated) to treat timber with fire to bend it
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"楘"
(translated) variant of "楘"
* 拼音zhuō。行
(translated) walk; go; move
* 拼音qín。矛一类的兵器
(translated) weapon of spear type
máo:* 〔～丘〕古同"旄丘"，前高后低的土丘。 móu:* 〔～敦〕小山，如"欲从～～，而度高乎泰山。" wǔ:* 瓦器，供煎药用
Acquired from 㮓: (same as 亙 㮓) an extreme limit, to fill, universal, connected, revolve
* 惊视："读其文，～然骇异。"
Acquired from 䀗: to look askance at, to dislike, a kind of eye disease (tears all the times), pretty eyes, (same as 䀗) to look at in surprise
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"𧐙" "蟊"。 * 拼音wù。 * mào
Semantic variant of "蟊": a fly which is used similarly to cantharides; same as "𧐙"
* 同"於"
Semantic variant of 於: in, at, on; interjection alas!
* 同"楘"
Semantic variant of 楘: band
* 同"矛"
Semantic variant of 矛: spear, lance; KangXi radical 110
* 同"矛"
Semantic variant of 矛: spear, lance; KangXi radical 110
* 同"矛"
Semantic variant of 矛: spear, lance; KangXi radical 110
* 同"繘"
Semantic variant of 繘: rope
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"鹜"
Semantic variant of 鶩: duck
* 拼音mù。好貌
a beautiful face (of a woman); pretty
* 〔斑～〕昆虫，腿细长，鞘翅上黄黑色斑纹，成虫危害农作物，可入药
a fly which is used similarly to cantharides
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"坹"
a hole; an opening; a aperture; deep; far and profound
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音gú。 * 豆名。 * 豆茎
a kind of bean, bean-stalks
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音móu。绢
a kind of thick, loosely-woven raw silk fabric
* 拼音bó。[～矟] 古代的一种仪仗
a kind of weapon carried by the honor guard before the Emperor in ancient times
* 古书上说的一种猴。 * 古琴弹奏的一种指法。 吟～
a monkey with yellow hair
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音zuàn。小矛， 如戟，锋两旁微起
a short spear; a lance with two points, a halberd, to pierce; to stab; to irritate, to catch a spear from away
* 拼音chōng。短矛
a short weapon (daggers; swords; knives)
* 拼音máo 音毛。古代冬天成熟的一种桃
a tree; winter peach
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
wù:* 從事；致力。 * 追求；謀求。如；貪多務得。 * 緊要的事情。 * 事；事情。如。 公務；稅務；家務。 * 事業；工作。 * 古代官署名。多為掌管貿易和稅收的機構。 * 方言。墟市；集市。 * 店鋪。宋元俗語多指酒店。 * 必須；一定。如。 務必；務須；務請出席。 * 姓。 w:* 通"侮"。 wú:* 〔務婁〕古邑名。又人名。 máo:* 同"嵍"。山丘前高後低。 mào:* 通"瞀"。昏亂；眩惑。 * 通"冃（冒）"。冠
affairs, business; must, should
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古代炊器。似釜而反唇。流行于汉代。 * 古代武士的头盔。秦、汉以前称"胄"，后来称"兜鍪"。 * 古指形似兜鍪的帽子。 * 披散头发
an iron pan; a metal cap
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古代用皮带绑扎加固车辕而成的装饰："五～梁輈。"
band
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音róu。 * 浓密的马鬃。 * 黄头发
beautiful and hairy mane, yellow hair; the hoary hair of the aged
* 股间白色的黑马
black horses
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 火光
blaze
* 掺杂；混合。 杂～。～和。～莒
blend, mix; mixed
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
yù:* 彩云，古人认为祥瑞："云则五色而为庆，三色而成～。" * 以锥穿物。 * 溢出。 xù:* 惊飞；惊恐："凤以为畜，故鸟不～。" jué:* 古同"谲"，诡诈："～宇嵬琐。"
bore with awl; bright, charming
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 彩云，瑞云："泰阶上平，黄～四列。"
cloud
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 僻，邪僻："回～其德。" * 遵循："祗～文祖，光昭旧勋。" * 助词，用于句首，无实义："～求厥宁，～观厥成。" * 姓
comply with, obey; shun, avoid
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 见"谲"
cunning, crafty, sly, wily
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 欺诈，玩弄手段。 ～诈（奸诈）。诡～（ａ．奇异多变；ｂ．离奇古怪；ｃ．诡诈，狡诈）。狡～
cunning, crafty, sly, wily
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 〔～狂〕古代传说中的恶鬼。 * （鸟）惊飞："凤以为畜，故鸟不～。"
devil
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 鸟兽细软而茂密的毛
down
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 家鴨。 * 游水。 * 同"䨁"。雛雀。 * 通"鶩"。奔馳。 * 引申為追求
duck
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 鸭子。 趋之若～（喻很多人争着去，含贬义）
duck
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 车轮的外框："行山者仄～。" * 通"煣"，使东西弯曲："木直中绳，～以为轮，其曲中规。" * 通"蹂"，践踏："乱相～蹈。"
exterior rim of wheel, felly
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音róu。经过多年耕种的田
fertile fields; good land (during the Epoch of Spring and Autumn) name of a place in Zheng Guo (today"s Henan Province LuShan Xian
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->