中

司

Unicode: U+53F8

Pinyin: sī

Definition

* 主管，操作。 ～法。～机。～令。～南（古代用磁石做成的辨别方向的仪器，为现在指南针的始祖）。～空（①古代中央政府中掌管工程的长官；②复姓）。～徒（①古代中央政府中掌管土地和徒役的长官，后为丞相；②复姓）。～马（①古代中央政府中掌管军务的长官；②复姓）。～寇（①古代中央政府中掌管刑狱、纠察的长官；②复姓）。 * 官署名称。 人事～。 * 视察。 ～日月之长短。 * 姓

take charge of, control, manage; officer

Structure

司 graph

Related substructures

MN2YZ82J D9Lbm4zq

Precursors

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
43_E06A43_E06B43_E06C43_E06D43_E06E43_E06F43_E07043_E07143_E07243_E07343_E07443_E07543_E07643_E07743_E07843_E07943_E07A43_E07B43_E07C43_E07D
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_E5F833_E5F933_E5FA33_E5FD33_E5FC33_E5FB33_E5FE33_E5FF33_E60633_E60033_E60133_E60233_E60533_E60333_E604
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_F78452_F79152_F79252_F79352_F79452_F79552_F78352_F78B52_F78C52_F78D52_F78E52_F78F52_F79052_F77C52_F76B52_F76052_F76152_F76E52_F76252_F76352_F76452_F76C52_F76952_F76552_F76652_F75E52_F77D52_F75F52_F76D52_F77052_F76752_F76F52_F77552_F77E52_F77F52_F78052_F78152_F77652_F78252_F76A52_F76852_F77752_F77952_F77A52_F77852_F77152_F77252_F77352_F77B52_F77452_F79852_F79952_F79A52_F79B52_F79C52_F78552_F78652_F78752_F78852_F79652_F79752_F78952_F78A56_F81156_F81256_F81456_F81356_F81556_F81656_F81756_F81856_F81A56_F81956_F81C56_F81B56_F81D56_F81E56_F81F56_F82056_F82156_F82256_F82356_F82456_F82556_F82756_F82656_F82856_F82956_F82A
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EA0071_E9FF71_EA01
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_53F8
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EA0071_E9FF71_EA0193_E46E93_E46F93_E47093_E47193_E47393_E47493_E47593_E47693_E472
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F4F183_F4F283_F4F383_F4F483_F4F583_F4F6

Last Modified: 2026-01-29 11:48 UTC