舂

Unicode: U+8202

Pinyin: zhōng chōng chuāng

Variants:㫪摏𢪠𦥴𦥽𦦁𦦓

Related substructures

𡗗

臼

舂

臼

Precursors

Oracle Bone Script

c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)

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Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->

Bronze Inscriptions

c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)

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Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->

Qin Script

c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)

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Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->

Small Seal Script

Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin

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The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->

Clerical Script

c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)

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A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->

Liushutong Seal Forms

Pre-Qin to Han seal-type forms (≤220 CE) / compiled 1661 (Min Qiji); collated and printed 1720 (Bi Hongshu)

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A ten-volume compendium of seal-script variants arranged by the rhymes of Hongwu Zhengyun: each head character gives its Shuowen small seal form, then variants gathered from guwen, zhouwen, bronze inscriptions and Qin–Han seals. Long a standard reference for seal carvers, but the forms are compiled rather than excavated and were collected with little vetting, so many are of doubtful authenticity.Wikimedia Commons ->