中

Structure 亠 | HanziFinder

6284 4IrAJblv
5001 謐
U+8B10 mì
Variants: 䛑 谧 𧨨

* 安寧，平靜。 ～～（清靜無聲）。安～。靜～。寂～

calm, quiet, still; cautious

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_ECEF51_ECF051_ECF251_ECF3
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8B10
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F132
5002 澹
U+6FB9 shàn dàn dán dān tán
Variants: 贍 𠸆 𣽃

dàn:* 恬静、安然的样子。 ～泊。～漠。～薄。恬～。 * 水波纡缓的样子。 ～淡。～～。 tán:* 〔～台〕复姓

calm, quiet, tranquil

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_E915
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6FB9
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_F04E93_F04F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_EBA684_EBA784_EBA884_EBA984_EBAA84_EBAB
5003 樟
U+6A1F zhāng
Variants: 章

* 常绿乔木，木质坚硬细致，有香气，做成箱柜可防蠹虫。 香～（樟树）。～脑（由樟树的根、茎、枝、叶蒸馏而制成的白色结晶体，可入药。亦是工业原料。亦称"潮脑"）

camphor tree

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_EC7E31_EC7F31_EC8231_EC8131_EC8031_EC8A31_EC8831_EC8B31_EC8C31_EC8931_EC8331_EC8431_EC8531_EC8631_EC8731_EC7C
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_ED6A51_ED6751_ED6451_ED6551_ED6651_ED6951_ED6855_EEE055_EEE255_EEE355_EEE455_EEE155_EEE555_EEE655_EEE755_EEE855_EEEA55_EEEC55_EEE955_EEEB55_EEED55_EEEE
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E28171_E282
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7AE0
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F2F081_F2F181_F2F281_F2F381_F2F481_F2F581_F2F6
5004 䇉
U+41C9

* 公石的略记。1 公石=100升=1 竡

capacity unit in France (Hectolit) equal to one hundred times of one litre

5005 亰
U+4EB0 jīng
Variants: 京

* 古同"京"

capital city

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E8B542_E8B642_E8B742_E8B842_E8B942_E8BA42_E8BB42_E8BC42_E8BD42_E8BE42_E8BF42_E8C042_E8C142_E8C242_E8C342_E8C442_E8C542_E88642_E88742_E88842_E88942_E88A42_E88B
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_E82B32_E82C32_E83532_E83332_E83632_E83232_E82D32_E83032_E82E32_E82F32_E83132_E83B32_E83732_E83432_E83832_E83932_E83D32_E83C32_E83A
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_4EAC
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F0D282_F0D382_F0D482_F0D582_F0D682_F0D782_F0D882_F0D9
5006 京

* 国都（现特指中国首都北京） ～城。～都。～华（因京都是文物、人才汇集的地方，所以称京都为"京华"）。～畿（国都和国都附近的地方）。～剧。～师（首都的旧称）。～绣。～菜。 * 大。 * 古代数名，指一千万，亦指一亿兆。 * 中国少数民族，主要分布于广西壮族自治区。 ～族。 * 姓

capital city

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E8B542_E8B642_E8B742_E8B842_E8B942_E8BA42_E8BB42_E8BC42_E8BD42_E8BE42_E8BF42_E8C042_E8C142_E8C242_E8C342_E8C442_E8C542_E88642_E88742_E88842_E88942_E88A42_E88B
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_E82B32_E82C32_E83532_E83332_E83632_E83232_E82D32_E83032_E82E32_E82F32_E83132_E83B32_E83732_E83432_E83832_E83932_E83D32_E83C32_E83A
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_4EAC
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E55792_E55B92_E55C92_E55892_E55992_E55A
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F0D282_F0D382_F0D482_F0D582_F0D682_F0D782_F0D882_F0D9
5007 谛
U+8C1B tí dì
Variants: 諦 𧫚

* 仔细。 ～听。～视。～观。～思。 * 道理。 真～。妙～

careful, attentive

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8AE6
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F0B881_F0B9
5008 諦
U+8AE6 tí dì
Variants: 啼 諟 谛 𧫚

* 仔細。 ～聽。～視。～觀。～思。 * 道理。 真～。妙～

careful, attentive

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8AE6
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F0B881_F0B9
5009 幢
U+5E62 zhuàng chuáng
Variants: 㡖 𣄛 𣄢

chuáng:* 古代原指支撑帐幕、伞盖、旌旗的木竿，后借指帐幕、伞盖、旌旗。 * 〔～～〕形容影子摇晃，如"人影～～"。 * 刻着佛号或经咒的石柱。 经～。石～。 zhuàng:* 量词，指房屋。 一～大楼

carriage curtain; sun screen

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5E62
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_ED1B84_ED1C
5010 䡴
U+4874 chōng chuáng
Variants: 衝

* 古代冲城陷阵的战车。也作"衝"。 * 同"幢（ chuáng ）"。一种刻有佛号或经咒的石柱

carriage used in ancient times to take enemy position, (interchangeable 幢) a curtain for a carriage

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_EBD5
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_EA75
5011 擔
U+64D4 dàn dān
Variants: 儋 担 檐 𥣲 𧭃

dān:* 肩挑；肩扛。 * 背負；負載。 * 承當。 * 舉，戴。 dàn:* 擔子；挑子。 * 扁擔。 * 量詞。舊時一百斤為一擔。 * 量詞。用於計成挑的東西。如：一擔柴；兩擔米。 shàn:* 假借

carry, bear, undertake

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F4C8
5012 刻
U+2F820 kè
Variants: 𠚰 𠛳 𠜇 𠞫

* 雕，用刀子挖。 ～本（雕版印成的书本）。～石。～字。～板。～舟求剑。 * 古代用漏壶记时，一昼夜共一百刻。今用钟表计时，一刻等于十五分钟。 五点一～。 * 时间。 此～。即～。顷～（极短时间）。时～。～不容缓。 * 形容程度极深。 深～。～意。～骨（感受深切入骨）。～苦。 * 不厚道。 ～毒。～薄。尖～。苛～。 * 同"克"

carve, engrave; quarter hour

5013 刻
U+523B kè
Variants: 𠚰 𠛳 𠜇 𠞫

* 雕，用刀子挖。 ～本（雕版印成的书本）。～石。～字。～板。～舟求剑。 * 古代用漏壶记时，一昼夜共一百刻。今用钟表计时，一刻等于十五分钟。 五点一～。 * 时间。 此～。即～。顷～（极短时间）。时～。～不容缓。 * 形容程度极深。 深～。～意。～骨（感受深切入骨）。～苦。 * 不厚道。 ～毒。～薄。尖～。苛～。 * 同"克"

carve, engrave; quarter hour

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E45F71_E460
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_523B
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_F7F491_F7F571_E45F71_E46091_F7F691_F7F791_F7F891_F7F991_F7FA91_F7FB91_F7FC91_F7FD91_F7FE
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E7EF82_E7EE82_E7F082_E7F182_E7F282_E7F382_E7F482_E7F582_E7F6
5014 梓
U+6893 zǐ
Variants: 杍 榟

* 落叶乔木。木材可供建筑及制造器物之用。 ～器（棺材）。～宫（皇帝的棺材）。 * 治木器。 ～人（古代制造器具的木工）。～匠。 * 木头雕刻成印刷用的木板。 付～（把稿件交付排印）。～行（ xíng ）。 * 指故里。 ～里。桑～。 * 姓

catalpa ovata

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_689327_E4D5
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_E6C792_E6C6
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F2E982_F2EA82_F2EB82_F2EC82_F2ED82_F2EE82_F2EF
5015 瞕
U+7795 zhàng

* 眼睛有白内障

cataract in the eye

5016 擒
U+64D2 qín
Variants: 㩒 扲 捦 禽 鈙

* 捉拿。 ～拿。生～。就～。欲～故纵。～贼先～王

catch, capture, seize, arrest

Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_F6C5
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F456
5017 㹌
U+3E4C chǎn shèng

chǎn:* 畜牲。 shēng:* 母牛

cattle; domestic animals, a cow; female of an animal

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E0DC
5018 竰
U+7AF0 sháo

* lí ㄌㄧˊ 公制容量单位"厘升"的旧译。 英语 centiliter

centiliter

5019 袞
U+889E gǔn
Variants: 衮 𧚹

* 同"衮"

ceremonial dress worn by the emperor

5020 衮

* 古代君王等的礼服。 ～服。～衣。～冕。华～（色彩绚丽的官服）

ceremonial dress worn by the emperor

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_E14633_E14733_E14833_E149
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E6D9
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_E0E593_E0E693_E0E4
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_EF1683_EF1783_EF1883_EF19
5023 變

* 變化；改變。 * 移動；驚擾。 * 變通；權變。 * 事變；突然發生的非常事件：政變；兵變。 * 奇異的；怪誕的。 * 變相"或"變文"的簡稱。 * 通"㦚"。急躁。 * 通"辯"。➊正當。 * 姓

change, transform, alter; rebel

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_F202
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E34571_E34671_E347
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8B8A
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E34571_E34671_E34791_F28B91_F28C91_F28D91_F28E91_F28F91_F29091_F29391_F29491_F29191_F292
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F7C981_F7CA81_F7CB81_F7CC81_F7CD81_F7CE81_F7CF81_F7D081_F7D181_F7D281_F7D381_F7D4
5024 谪
U+8C2A zhé
Variants: 謫 讁 𧬍

* 谴责，责备。 众人交～。 * 封建时代特指官吏降职，调往边外地方。 ～迁。～降（ jiàng ）。～戍。～居。贬～。 * 变异："庚午之日，日始有～"

charge, blame; disgrace; demote

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8B2B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F20A81_F20B81_F20C
5025 謫
U+8B2B zhé zé
Variants: 嘀 讁 谪 𧬍

* 譴責，責備。 眾人交～。 * 封建時代特指官吏降職，調往邊外地方。 ～遷。～降（ jiàng ）。～戍。～居。貶～。 * 變異："庚午之日，日始有～"

charge, blame; disgrace; demote; punish

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8B2B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F20A81_F20B81_F20C
5026 詐
U+8A50 zhà
Variants: 诈 𧧻

* 欺騙，用手段誆騙。 欺～。～騙。～取。～財。～哄。爾虞我～。～語（騙人的話）。 * 假裝。 ～死。～降。 * 古同"乍"，突然

cheat, defraud, swindle; trick; to feign

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_EC1E31_EC1F31_EC2031_EC21
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E25C71_E25D71_E25E71_E25F
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8A50
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E25C71_E25D71_E25E71_E25F91_EE5791_EE5891_EE5991_EE5A91_EE5B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F1EA81_F1EB
5027 誆
U+8A86 kuàng kuāng kuáng
Variants: 诓

* 见"诓"

cheat, swindle, lie

5028 䛊
U+46CA xī zhī

* 拼音xī。喜笑不止貌

cheerful all the time; without stopping, to tell; to say, to designated, to think

5029 恔
U+6054 xiào jiǎo
Variants: 㤊

xiào:* 畅快："且比化者，无使土亲肤，于人心独无～乎？" jiǎo:* 聪明；狡黠

cheerful; bright, sagacious

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_E6DE57_E6DF
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6054
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E783
5030 臆
U+81C6 yì yǐ
Variants: 億 肊 醫 𩪣 𩪩

* 胸。 胸～（心里，多指心里的话或想法，如"直抒～～"）。 * 主观地，缺乏客观依据的。 ～造。～测。～度（ duó ）。～断。～见

chest, breast, bosom; thought

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_F802
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_808A27_81C6
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E69A
5031 童
U+7AE5 tóng zhōng
Variants: 𡦜 𥪽 𥪿 𥫍 𨚯

* 小孩子。 儿～。～工。～谣。～话。～心。～趣。～真。 * 旧时未成年的仆人。 书～儿。 * 没有结婚的。 ～男。～女。～贞。 * 未长成的。 ～牛（没长角的小牛）。 * 秃。 ～山。头～（喻人秃顶，如"～～齿豁"）。 * 古同"瞳"，瞳孔。 * 姓

child, boy, servant boy; virgin

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
45_F1C444_E2D544_E2D6
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_EC9131_EC9231_EC9331_EC90
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
53_F23251_ED7251_ED6B51_ED6C51_ED6D51_ED6E51_ED6F51_ED7351_ED7451_ED7551_ED7651_ED7751_ED7851_ED7951_ED8251_ED8151_ED8651_ED8351_ED8451_ED8551_ED8751_ED8855_EEF055_EEF155_EEF255_EEF355_EEF455_EEF555_EEF655_EEF855_EEF755_EEF9
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E28371_E284
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7AE527_E22C
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E28371_E28491_EF1791_EF1891_EF1A91_EF1B91_EF19
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F30281_F30381_F30481_F30681_F30581_F30781_F30881_F30981_F30A81_F30B81_F30C81_F30D81_F30E
5032 頦
U+9826 ké hái kē
Variants: 颏 𦝣 𩒁

* 臉的最下部分，在兩腮和嘴的下面。通稱"下巴"、"下巴頦兒"

chin

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9826
5033 颏
U+988F ké hái kē
Variants: 頦 𩒁

* 脸的最下部分，在两腮和嘴的下面。通称"下巴"、"下巴颏儿"

chin

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9826
5034 譟
U+8B5F zào
Variants: 噪 謲

* 同"噪"

clamor, noise, din; slander

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8B5F
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_EE4A
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F1E0
5035 訬
U+8A2C chāo miǎo
Variants: 吵 謅

* 矫健敏捷："越人有重迟者，而人谓之～。" * 吵闹；烦扰。 * 轻佻。 * 抄写

clamour, uproar, annoyance, etc

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8A2C
5036 䍊
U+434A jué

* 拼音jiāo。古代埙一类的土制吹奏乐器

clay-made blowing wind instruments; music instruments made of clay

5037 彰
U+5F70 zhāng
Variants: 遧

* 明显，显著。 ～～。昭～。～明。欲盖弥～。 * 表明，显扬。 表～。～善瘅恶（表扬好的，憎恨坏的）。 * 姓

clear, manifest, obvious

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
56_F7E9
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5F70
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_E43493_E435
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F45283_F45383_F454
5038 睟
U+775F suì zuì
Variants: 晬 𥄌

suì:* 润泽："魏国先生，有～其容。" * 颜色纯一。 * 眼睛清明。 zuì:* 眼边

clear-eyed

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E177
5039 嶂
U+5D82 zhàng
Variants: 障

* 形容高险像屏障的山。 层峦叠～

cliff; mountain barrier

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_969C
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F6CD
5040 鐘
U+9418 zhōng
Variants: 銿 鍾 钟

* 金屬製成的響器，中空，敲時發聲。 警～。編～（古代樂器。把一系列銅制的鐘掛在木架上組成，用小木槌擊奏。各時代形制大小不一，枚數也不同）。～鼎（古銅器總稱，上面銘刻文字）。 * 計時的器具。 ～表（鐘和表的總稱）。座～。～鳴漏盡（晨鐘已鳴，夜漏將盡。喻年屆遲幕）。 * 指某個一定的時間，小時。 ～頭（小時，如"開了一個～～的會"）。 * 姓。也作"鍾"

clock; bell

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E29134_E28F34_E29034_E29D34_E29B34_E29C34_E29E34_E2A134_E29A34_E2A634_E28434_E28534_E2A234_E28C34_E28E34_E28D34_E27F34_E28034_E28634_E27E34_E2A434_E2A534_E28334_E28A34_E28734_E28134_E28234_E2A734_E2AC34_E2A834_E2AD34_E2A934_E2AA34_E2AB34_E28934_E29634_E29234_E28B34_E29534_E27934_E29434_E2A034_E27834_E27A34_E29734_E29334_E27734_E29F34_E2A334_E28834_E29834_E29934_E27C34_E27D34_E27B
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
53_F30F53_F30D53_F30E53_F31057_F60A57_F60B57_F60C57_F60D57_F60E57_F61057_F61157_F61257_F60F57_F61353_F31253_F311
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EE16
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_941827_EBB6
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EE1694_E87B94_E87C94_E87D94_E87E94_E87F94_E88294_E88094_E881
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E8EC85_E8ED85_E8EE85_E8EF85_E8F0
5041 瞑
U+7791 mián miàn míng méng mǐng
Variants: 冥 眠 𥌯

míng:* 〔～～〕形容昏花迷离。 * 闭眼。 ～目（亦指人死时心里无牵挂）。死不～目。 mián:* 同"眠"，睡觉

close eyes

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7791
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E136
5042 闇
U+95C7 ān àn yǎn

* 同"暗"

close, shut; dark, dismal

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_95C7
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_F48193_F48293_F48393_F484
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F15184_F15284_F153
5043 䘹
U+4639 zuì

* 拼音zuì。单衣

clothes that have no lining (usually for summer wear)

5044 䘪
U+462A chōng

* 拼音chōng。[～䘿] 无装饰边缘的短单衣

clothes without hem; ragged garments; a garment without a lining, single

5045 靄
U+9744 ǎi
Variants: 䨠 藹 謁 霭

* 雲氣。 ～～（雲霧密集的樣子）。雲～。煙～。暮～

cloudy sky, haze; calm, peaceful

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9744
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_EF26
5046 捽
U+637D zú zuó
Variants: 挨 𢪄 𢬪

* 方言，揪；抓。 ～头发。～着不放。 * 拔（草）。 * 抵触；冲突："戎夏交～。"

clutch, grasp; pull up; contradict

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EC80
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_637D
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EC8093_F5C5
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F2DA
5047 蟑
U+87D1 zhāng

* 〔～螂〕昆虫，体扁平，黑褐色，有光泽，能发臭气，常在夜里偷吃食物，咬坏衣物，传染疾病。亦称"蜚（ fěi ）蠊"

cockroach

5048 榇
U+6987 chèn
Variants: 櫬

* 棺材。 * 古代多以梧桐木做棺，故为梧桐的别称

coffin; tung tree

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6AEC
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F4E6
5049 櫬
U+6AEC guàn chèn qìn
Variants: 榇 藽 𧅜

chèn:* 古稱椑棺、空棺為櫬。後泛指棺材。 * 梧桐的一種，即青桐。 * 樵薪。 qìn:* 木名，即木槿。 guàn:* 汲水器

coffin; tung tree

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6AEC
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F4E6
5050 挍
U+630D jiào
Variants: 校

* 同"校"。比较；估量

collate; (Cant.) to scratch

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
36_EEF6
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E61971_E61A
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6821
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_F6C693_F6C7
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F46184_F46284_F463
5051 攏
U+650F lǒng
Variants: 拢 櫳 籠

* 湊起，總合。 ～共。～總。歸～。 * 靠近，船隻靠岸。 ～岸。拉～。 * 使不鬆散或不離開。 收～。～音。把孩子～在懷裏。 * 梳，用梳子整理頭髮。 ～一～頭髮。 * 合上，聚集。 她笑得嘴都合不～了

collect, bring together

5052 裒
U+88D2 bāo póu
Variants: 襃 𦥑

* 聚集。 ～集。～辑。～敛。 * 减少。 ～多益寡（减有余以补不足）

collect, gather, assemble; praise

Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_E1A1
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_EFD883_EFD9
5053 翠
U+7FE0 cuì
Variants: 翆 臎 𦐜

* 绿色。 ～绿。苍～。～微（青绿的山色，亦泛指青山）。 * 〔～鸟〕属鸣禽类，形似杜鹃，嘴长，头部深橄榄色，有青绿色斑纹，背青绿色，腹赤褐色，尾短，捕食小鱼。 * 指"翡翠"（硬玉） ～玉。～镯。珠宝～钻

color green; kingfisher

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
35_F6E2
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_F46651_F46751_F46451_F46551_F46A51_F46B51_F46C51_F46D51_F46E51_F46851_F46951_F46F51_F47051_F47451_F47151_F47251_F47351_F47551_F47651_F477
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7FE0
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_F43C91_F43D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E24B82_E24C
5054 梳

* 整理头发的用具。 木～。角～。 * 用梳子整理头发。 ～头。～洗（梳头洗脸）。～妆。～辫子（喻把纷繁的事项、问题等进行分析归类）

comb; brush

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
58_E3FF
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_68B3
5055 愔
U+6114 yīn

* 〔～～〕ａ．形容安静和悦；ｂ．形容静寂，深沉。 * 〔～然〕形容沉默无声或安静

comfortable, contented, peaceful

Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_EE6B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E9B6
5056 襃

* 同"褒"

commend, honor, cite

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8912
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_E12493_E12593_E12693_E12993_E12A93_E12793_E128
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_EF5983_EF5A
5057 商

* 两个以上的人在一起计划、讨论。 ～量。～讨。～议。～定。～榷。～酌（商量斟酌）。相～。磋～。洽～。协～。 * 买卖，生意。 ～业。～店。～界。～品。～标。 * 古指行商（坐商为"贾"，后泛指做买卖的人，亦用以指从事私营工商业的人） ～人。～贩。～贾（gǔ ㄍㄨˇ）（商人）。～旅。 * 数学上指除法运算中的得数。 ～数。 * 中国朝代名。 ～代。 * 中国古代五音之一，相当于简谱"2"。 * 星名，二十八宿之一，即"心宿"。 * 姓

commerce, business, trade

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_EBD141_EBD241_EBD341_EBD441_EBD541_EBD641_EBD741_EBD841_EBD941_EBDA41_EBDB41_EBDC41_EBDD41_EBDE41_EBDF41_EBE041_EBE141_EBE241_EBE341_EBE441_EBE541_EBE641_EBE741_EBE841_EBE941_EBEA41_EBEB41_EBEC41_EBED41_EBEE41_EBEF41_EBF041_EBF141_EBF241_EBF341_EBF4
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_EADD31_EAF031_EAF331_EAF431_EAF231_EAF631_EAF831_EAF931_EAF131_EAFF31_EAF531_EAF731_EAFD31_EAFB31_EAFA31_EAE031_EADF31_EAE531_EADE31_EAE231_EB0031_EAE431_EAE331_EAE131_EAEF31_EAFC31_EAEC31_EB0131_EAE631_EAE731_EAEE31_EB0231_EAED31_EAEB31_EAE831_EAE931_EAEA31_EAFE
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_EC5055_EC7C55_EC7D
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E1F0
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_554627_E1E027_E1E127_E1E2
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E1F091_EC3091_EC3191_EC3291_EC3591_EC3691_EC3791_EC3891_EC3391_EC34
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EFA481_EFA581_EFA681_EFA781_EFA881_EFA981_EFAA81_EFAB81_EFAC81_EFAD81_EFAE81_EFAF81_EFB081_EFB181_EFB281_EFB381_EFB481_EFB581_EFB681_EFB781_EFB881_EFB981_EFBA81_EFBB81_EFBC81_EFBD81_EFBE
5058 伉
U+4F09 kàng
Variants: 抗

* 对等、相称。 ～俪（指配偶、夫妇）。～礼。 * 正直、刚直。 ～直。～行（ xíng ）（高尚的行为）。 * 古同"抗"，对等。 * 古同"闶"，高大。 * 骄纵，傲慢："太子轻而庶子～"。～厉（高傲，凌厉）。 * 强健。 ～健。 * 姓

compare, match; pair; spouse

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_4F09
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_F5A192_F5A292_F59F92_F5A0
5059 較
U+8F03 jué xiào jiào
Variants: 䡈 较 𨋌

* 比。 ～量（ liàng ）。～勁（亦作"叫勁"）。比～。計～。 * 對比著顯得更進一層的。 成績～佳。 * 明顯。 ～然（顯明）。彰明～著。 * 大旨，大概。 ～略

compare; comparatively, more

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_EB17
5060 较
U+8F83 jué jiào
Variants: 䡈 較

* 比。 ～量（ liàng ）。～劲（亦作"叫劲"）。比～。计～。 * 对比着显得更进一层的。 成绩～佳。 * 明显。 ～然（显明）。彰明～著。 * 大旨，大概。 ～略

compare; comparatively, more

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_EB17
5061 㦪
U+39AA xiè
Variants: 𢥥

* 拼音xiè。意不平

complaint; grudge; unjust

5062 章

* 歌曲诗文的段落。 ～节。～句。乐～。～回体。顺理成～。断～取义。 * 条目，规程。 ～程。～法。简～。党～。约法三～。 * 修理。 杂乱无～。 * 花纹，文采。 黑质而白～。 * 戳记。 图～。盖～。 * 佩带的身上的标志。 袖～。领～。徽～。像～。 * 奏本。 奏～。本～。 * 同"彰"，彰明。 * 姓

composition; chapter, section

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_EC7E31_EC7F31_EC8231_EC8131_EC8031_EC8A31_EC8831_EC8B31_EC8C31_EC8931_EC8331_EC8431_EC8531_EC8631_EC8731_EC7C
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_ED6A51_ED6751_ED6451_ED6551_ED6651_ED6951_ED6855_EEE055_EEE255_EEE355_EEE455_EEE155_EEE555_EEE655_EEE755_EEE855_EEEA55_EEEC55_EEE955_EEEB55_EEED55_EEEE
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E28171_E282
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7AE0
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_EEF891_EEF991_EEFA91_EEFB91_EEFC91_EEFD91_EF0171_E28191_EEFE91_EEFF91_EF0291_EF0391_EF0491_EF0691_EF0791_EF0591_EF0091_EF0871_E28291_EF0991_EF0A
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F2F081_F2F181_F2F281_F2F381_F2F481_F2F581_F2F6
5063 諱
U+8AF1 huì
Variants: 讳

* 见"讳"

conceal; shun; regard as taboo

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_EBCE31_EBCF
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8AF1
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_ED9791_ED9A91_ED9891_ED9B91_ED9C91_ED99
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F0EF81_F0F0
5064 妾
U+59BE qiè
Variants: 㛙

* 旧时男人娶的小老婆。 * 谦辞，旧时女人自称。 ～身。贱～

concubine

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_ECB941_ECBA41_ECBB41_ECBC41_ECBD41_ECBE41_ECBF41_ECC041_ECC141_ECC241_ECC341_ECC441_ECC541_ECC641_ECC741_ECC841_ECC941_ECCA41_ECCB41_ECCC41_ECCD41_ECCE41_ECCF41_ECD041_ECD1
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_EC9431_EC9631_EC95
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_ED9951_ED8A51_ED8B51_ED8F51_ED8C51_ED8D51_ED9751_ED9051_ED9151_ED8E51_ED9251_ED9551_ED9651_ED9351_ED9451_ED98
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E28571_E28671_E287
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_59BE
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E28571_E28671_E28791_EF1D91_EF1E91_EF2391_EF1F91_EF2091_EF2191_EF22
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F31081_F30F81_F31181_F31281_F31381_F31481_F31581_F316
5065 朧
U+6727 lóng lǒng

* 见"胧"

condition or appearance of moon

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6727
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E2C4
5066 喭
U+55AD yàn
Variants: 𣨹

* 古同"谚"。谚语

condole with; coarse

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E92181_E92281_E92381_E924
5067 鹫
U+9E6B jiù
Variants: 鷲 𩀻 𩾵 𪆩

* 一种猛禽，毛色深褐，体大雄壮，嘴呈钩状，视力很强，腿部有羽毛，捕食野兔，小羊等。亦称"雕"

condor, vulture

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_EE99
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9DF2
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E3B5
5068 鷲
U+9DF2 jiù
Variants: 鹫 𩀻 𩾵 𪆩

* 见"鹫"

condor, vulture

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_EE99
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9DF2
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E3B5
5069 訌
U+8A0C hóng hòng
Variants: 讧

* 亂，衝突。 內～

confusion; internal strife

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8A0C
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F1DE
5070 諗
U+8AD7 shěn niè
Variants: 谂 𩐭

* 见"谂"

consult carefully with, counsel

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8AD7
5071 諮
U+8AEE zī
Variants: 咨 谘

* 见"谘"

consult, confer; communicate in

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
35_E5EB
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_54A8
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_EEBE91_EEBD
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E7E181_E7E281_E7E381_E7E481_E7E581_E7E6
5072 諏
U+8ACF zōu zhōu
Variants: 謅 诹 𧩞 𧩻

* 见"诹"

consult, confer; select, choose

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8ACF
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_ED53
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F0AA
5073 競

* 见"竞"

contend, vie, compete

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_EC9541_EC9641_EC9741_EC9841_EC9941_EC9A41_EC9B41_EC9C41_EC9D41_EC9E41_EC9F41_ECA041_ECA141_ECA241_ECA341_ECA441_ECA5
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_EC6C31_EC6B31_EC6D31_EC6A31_EC7231_EC7331_EC75
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_ED4951_ED4A51_ED4C51_ED4D51_ED4E51_ED4F51_ED5051_ED5151_ED5251_ED5351_ED5451_ED5551_ED5651_ED5751_ED5851_ED5951_ED5A51_ED5B51_ED5C55_EED355_EED455_EED655_EED555_EED755_EED8
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7AF6
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_EEE791_EEE891_EEE991_EEEA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F2BE81_F2BF81_F2C081_F2C181_F2C281_F2C3
5074 竞

* 比赛，互相争胜。 ～争。～赛。～技。～选

contend, vie, compete

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_EC9541_EC9641_EC9741_EC9841_EC9941_EC9A41_EC9B41_EC9C41_EC9D41_EC9E41_EC9F41_ECA041_ECA141_ECA241_ECA341_ECA441_ECA5
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_EC6C31_EC6B31_EC6D31_EC6A31_EC7231_EC7331_EC75
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_ED4951_ED4A51_ED4C51_ED4D51_ED4E51_ED4F51_ED5051_ED5151_ED5251_ED5351_ED5451_ED5551_ED5651_ED5751_ED5851_ED5951_ED5A51_ED5B51_ED5C55_EED355_EED455_EED655_EED555_EED755_EED8
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7AF6
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F2BE81_F2BF81_F2C081_F2C181_F2C281_F2C3
5075 竸
U+7AF8 jìng
Variants: 競

* 古同"竞"

contend, vie, compete

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_EC9541_EC9641_EC9741_EC9841_EC9941_EC9A41_EC9B41_EC9C41_EC9D41_EC9E41_EC9F41_ECA041_ECA141_ECA241_ECA341_ECA441_ECA5
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_EC6C31_EC6B31_EC6D31_EC6A31_EC7231_EC7331_EC75
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_ED4951_ED4A51_ED4C51_ED4D51_ED4E51_ED4F51_ED5051_ED5151_ED5251_ED5351_ED5451_ED5551_ED5651_ED5751_ED5851_ED5951_ED5A51_ED5B51_ED5C55_EED355_EED455_EED655_EED555_EED755_EED8
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7AF6
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F2BE81_F2BF81_F2C081_F2C181_F2C281_F2C3
5076 凉
U+51C9 liáng liàng
Variants: 涼 凉 𠒨

liáng:* 温度低。 ～快。～爽。～意。～气。阴～。～丝丝。～亭。荒～。 * 喻灰心，失望。 听到这消息，我～了半截。 * 中国西晋末年至北魏，各族统治者在西北地区建立的割据政权。 五～（前、后、南、北、西）。 liàng:* 放一会儿，使温度降低。 把开水～一～再喝

cool, cold; disheartened

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6DBC
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_ECB084_ECB184_ECB2
5077 凉
U+F979 liáng liàng
Variants: 涼 凉 𠒨

liáng:* 温度低。 ～快。～爽。～意。～气。阴～。～丝丝。～亭。荒～。 * 喻灰心，失望。 听到这消息，我～了半截。 * 中国西晋末年至北魏，各族统治者在西北地区建立的割据政权。 五～（前、后、南、北、西）。 liàng:* 放一会儿，使温度降低。 把开水～一～再喝

cool, cold; disheartened

5078 涼
U+6DBC liáng liàng
Variants: 䣼 凉 晾

liáng:* 淡酒；薄酒。 * 薄；輕微。 * 微寒；清涼。如：涼水；涼氣。 * 人煙稀少；冷落。如：荒涼。 * 刻薄；涼薄。 * 悲愴；愁苦。如：淒涼。 * 古代六種飲料之一。 * 古州名。漢朝十三刺史部之一。 * 山名。即大涼山，一作梁山。 * 古水名。 * 國名。東晉十六國之一。有前涼、後涼、北涼、南涼、西涼等。 * 姓。 liàng:* 輔佐。 * 陳物於通風或陰涼處，使乾燥。後作"晾"。 * 把熱東西放一會兒，使溫度降低。如。 把開水涼一涼

cool, cold; disheartened

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6DBC
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_F14293_F14393_F14693_F14793_F14493_F145
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_ECB084_ECB184_ECB2
5079 誊
U+8A8A téng
Variants: 謄

* 转录；抄写。 ～写。～清

copy, transcribe

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8B04
5080 謄
U+8B04 téng
Variants: 誊 𦫁

* 见"誊"

copy, transcribe

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8B04
5081 窔
U+7A94 yǎo yào
Variants: 㝔 穾 窈 𥤹

* 室中东南角："比奠，举席埽室，聚诸～。" * 幽深："岩～洞房。" * 喻深奥的境界。 * 隐暗处

corner

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_F0D7
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7A94
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_F3A4
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E88083_E881
5082 咳
U+54B3 ké hái kài hāi
Variants: 孩 欬 𠹛 𠺡

ké:* 〔～嗽〕呼吸器官受刺激而引起一种反射作用。把吸入的气急急呼出，同时发声，能清除呼吸道中的异物或痰，亦是某些病的症状。 hāi:* 叹息。 ～声叹气。 * 叹词，表示惋惜或后悔：又表示招呼人，提醒人注意：～！我昨天没去医院

cough

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_54B327_5B69
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_E6D891_E6D991_E6DA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E73E81_E73F81_E74081_E74181_E74281_E74381_E744
5083 欬
U+6B2C ké kài
Variants: 咳 噫 𤸺

kài:* 亦作咳。咳嗽。 ài:* 胃里的气体从嘴里出来并发出声音

cough; sound of laughter

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6B2C
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_E33993_E33B93_E33A
5084 讜
U+8B9C dàng dǎng
Variants: 譡 谠 黨 𧩡 𧫆 𧭢

* 见"谠"

counsel, advice; speak out

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8B9C
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_EEAB91_EEAC91_EEAA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F25681_F257
5085 鄗
U+9117 hào
Variants: 䧚 鎬 𨛴 𨝲

* 〔～县〕古地名，在今中国河北省柏乡县北

county in Hebei province

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_EB3F52_EB40
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_9117
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_EC8D92_EC8E
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E04483_E04583_E04683_E047
5086 幦
U+5E66 mì
Variants: 幎 𧜀

* 漆布。 * 古代车前横木上的覆盖物："主人乘恶车，白狗～。"

cover

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5E66
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_EA68
5087 幎
U+5E4E mì
Variants: 幦

* 覆盖物体的巾幔。 * 帘幕。 * 覆盖。 * 均匀的样子

cover-cloth, cover with cloth

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5E4E
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_EA44
5088 螃
U+8783 bǎng páng

* 〔～蟹〕见"蟹"

crab

5089 㽊
U+3F4A xiè
Variants: 𤮶

* 拼音xiè。瓦破碎的声音

cracking of tile

5090 搐
U+6410 chōu chù

* 牵动，肌肉抖动。 抽～。～缩。～动

cramp, spasm, convulsion; twitch

5091 癖
U+7656 pǐ
Variants: 䑀

* 对事物的偏爱成为习惯。 ～习。～好（ hào ）。～性。～爱。～痼（久治不愈的疾病）。洁～。 * 中医指饮水不消的病。 * 古同"痞"，痞块

craving, weakness for; indigestion

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E93883_E939
5092 啍
U+554D zhūn tūn xiāng duǐ
Variants: 噋 諄 𡃥

zhūn:* 话多。 * 健壮的样子。 tūn:* 〔～～〕沉重缓慢的样子，如"大车～～。" xiāng:* 愚笨的样子。 duǐ:* 戏言

creak; (Cant.) to babble, gibberish

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_554D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E77881_E779
5093 蟀
U+87C0 shuài
Variants: 𧍓

* 〔蟋～〕见"蟋"

cricket

Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_E3FF
5094 辜

* 罪。 无～。～功（罪行）。死有余～。 * 负，背。 ～负。 * 姓

crime, criminal offense

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E7CB
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_F686
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EED171_EED2
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8F9C27_EC21
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EED171_EED294_EC8C94_EC8D94_EC8E94_EC8F94_EC90
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_EE0685_EE0785_EE0885_EE0985_EE0A85_EE0B85_EE0C
5095 辠
U+8FA0 zuì
Variants: 罪 𦤖

* 同"罪"

crime, sin, vice; evil; hardship

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E7CA
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
58_E06A58_E06B58_E06C58_E06D58_E06E58_E06F58_E07058_E071
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EECE71_EECF71_EED0
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_F4B8
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EECE71_EECF71_EED094_EC8B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_EE0485_EE05
5096 躄
U+8E84 bì
Variants: 躃 𣦢 𫏂

* 跛脚："民家有～者，槃散行汲。" * 〔～～〕行进不止的样子，如"奇俊无少年，日车何～～！" * 仆倒："迷闷～地。"

cripple, lame

5097 誚
U+8A9A qiào
Variants: 譙 诮

* 见"诮"

criticize, scold, blame, ridicule

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
35_EE2435_EE25
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8B5927_8A9A
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_F21181_F21281_F21381_F21481_F21581_F21681_F21781_F21881_F219
5098 杭
U+676D háng kāng
Variants: 抗 航

* 中国浙江省杭州市的简称。 ～纺。～剧。 * 姓。 * 古同"航"，渡河

cross stream; navigate

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_629727_676D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F3FC84_F3FD84_F3FE84_F3FF84_F40084_F40184_F40284_F40384_F404
5099 擠
U+64E0 jǐ
Variants: 㨈 䍤 挤 𡬚

* 见"挤"

crowd, squeeze, push against

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_64E0
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F26F
5100 嚎
U+568E háo
Variants: 号 號 豪

* 大声叫或哭喊。 长～。鬼哭狼～。～啕（亦作"号啕"）。～叫。～哭。～丧

cry loudly, yell, scream

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_F21734_F21834_F219
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_F583
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_EC4582_EC4682_EC4782_EC48
5101 泣
U+6CE3 lì sè qì
Variants: 𣲔

* 小声哭。 ～诉（哭着控诉）。抽～。哭～。涕～。 * 眼泪。 饮～。～下如雨。～血（ａ．流眼泪没有声，像出血那样；ｂ．指在丧事期）

cry, sob, weep

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_E8E9
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6CE3
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_F1A893_F1A993_F1AA93_F1AB93_F1AC
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_ED2084_ED2184_ED2284_ED2384_ED2484_ED2584_ED26