* 俗"顛"字
(non-classical of 顛) to upset; to turn over, to fall, upside down
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* 俗"顛"字
(non-classical of 顛) to upset; to turn over, to fall, upside down
* 同"植"
(same as 植) to plant; to set up, to erect, plants
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"嗔"
(same as 謓) anger; rage; angry; furious, (ancient form 慎) cautious; careful; scrupulous; prudent
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音zhēn。一种鱼
(translated) A kind of fish
* 施。 * 古同"陟"
(translated) Bestow; anciently same as "陟"
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音zhí。中国人名用字
(translated) Chinese given name character
* 拼音zhì。中国人名用字
(translated) Chinese personal name character
* 〈方〉跳着脚跑步；走开；离开。北京官话、冀鲁官话
(translated) Dialect: Beijing Mandarin, Ji-Lu Mandarin. To run by hopping; to walk away; to leave
* 读音sởn， 头发（因惊恐而） 竖起
(translated) Hair standing on end in fear; Hair standing up in terror
* 拼音zhí。 * 山名。 * 山直
(translated) Mountain name; Upright mountain
* 拼音diān
(translated) Pinyin is diān
* 拼音zhí。 * 佛经咒语用字。 * 《八辅》 第25区， 第78字
(translated) Pinyin zhí; Used in Buddhist mantras; 《Ba Fu》 Section 25, Character 78
* 拼音zhēn。中国人名用字
(translated) Pinyin zhēn; Used in Chinese personal names
* 同"菹"
(translated) Same as "pickles"
* 同"假"。"不真" 的合体字
(translated) Same as "假"; a compound character meaning "untrue"
* 同"填"
(translated) Same as "填"
* 同"填"
(translated) Same as "填"
* 同"巔"。山顶
(translated) Same as "巔"; summit
* 同"禛"。避讳缺笔
(translated) Same as "禛"; variant form due to taboo avoidance by omitting strokes
* 同"阳"
(translated) Same as "阳"
* 同"齋"。 * 通"資"
(translated) Same as "齋"; Interchangeable with "資"
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"齻"
(translated) Same as "齻"
* 同"𡸜"。 * 拼音zhí。 * 人名用字
(translated) Same as "𡸜"; Pronunciation: zhí; Used in personal names
* 同"𧜖"
(translated) Same as "𧜖"
* 同"𧶸"。 * 拼音chèng。 * 卖
(translated) Same as "𧶸"; sell
* 同"𨂔"
(translated) Same as "𨂔"
* 同"𩌲"
(translated) Same as "𩌲"
* 同"𩝻"。读音chăn 放牧；饲养
(translated) Same as "𩝻": to graze livestock; to feed
* 同"巔"。山顶
(translated) Same as "巔"; summit
* 同"颠"。 * 《八辅》 第28区， 第80字
(translated) Same as 顛
* 读音rực 闪耀，光明
(translated) Shining; bright
* 直："你拿起笔作文词，～才调无瑕玼。" * 方言，全，尽。 这窝小鸡儿～是黑的
(translated) straight; dialectal: whole, all
* 拼音tián。 * 声音充满耳朵。 * 同"𦗁"，即"瑱"
(translated) Sound filling the ears; Same as "𦗁" "瑱"
* 石落声。 * 声响。 * 柱子下边的石礅子："雕玉～以居楹。"
Semantic variant of 𧰊: a rumbling sound
* 疑同"嫃"。 * 拼音zhēn。 * 中国人名用字
(translated) Suspected to be the same as "嫃"; Used in Chinese personal names
* 牙床末端最后长出的两对磨牙
(translated) The last two pairs of molars to erupt at the end of the dental arch
* 读音chăn，（ 带领自由放养的家畜）觅食
(translated) To herd free-range livestock to forage
* 见"䡩"
(translated) Variant of "䡩"
zhī:* 广泛涉及。 * 给予。 zhì:* 施也
(translated) Widely involved; give; bestow
* "𡅥" 的类推简化字
(translated) analogical simplified form of "𡅥"
* "𨈀" 的类推简化字。 * 拼音diān 本意是跳着脚跑，引申为走来、 离开。北京官话、 冀鲁官话
(translated) analogical simplified form of "𨈀"; Pinyin diān, original meaning: to run by hopping; extended: to come; to leave
* "𩥄" 的类推简化字
(translated) analogically simplified of "𩥄"
* "攧" 的类推简化字
(translated) analogy-simplified form of "攧"
* 读音liáo。 * 弯； 弯的形状。[～田] 多弯的山田。地名用字， 湖南省怀化市辰溪县有"～田"。 见《湖南省辰溪市地名录》
(translated) bent; curved shape; used in place names, often referring to winding mountain fields
* 黑
(translated) black
* 拼音xī。吹气
(translated) blow air; exhale
* 专一
(translated) devoted; single-minded
* 跌倒："诚恐一旦～仆气竭，不复自还。" * 〔～～〕走路安详缓慢的样子。 * 奔走："因此上不辞他往返～，甘将这辛苦肩。"
(translated) fall; describing walking calmly and slowly; run
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 跌。 ～下水中。 * 摔。 ～碎了玉盘。 * 顿脚："玉笋频搓，绣鞋重～。"
(translated) fall; tumble; to stamp one"s foot: "jade shoots are frequently rubbed, and embroidered shoes heavily stamp."
* （草木）丛生。 * 古通"缜"，细密："～理而坚。"
(translated) grow densely (of plants); anciently interchangeable with "缜", meaning fine and dense; for example, "~ texture and firm."
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音zū。牙齿长得不整齐
(translated) irregular teeth
* 塚。坟墓。 * 古同"颠"，有"止"义
(translated) mound; grave; anciently the same as "颠", meaning "stop"
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 水名。 * 古州名。 * 一种植物，即"菌芝"
(translated) name of a river; name of an ancient prefecture; a type of plant, namely "junzhi"
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音zhí。中国人名用字
(translated) pronounced as zhí; Chinese character used in personal names
* 拼音xuǎn
(translated) pronounced xuǎn
* 读音chăn 被子
(translated) quilt
* 同"填"
(translated) Same as "填"
* 同"鄍"
(translated) same as "鄍"
* 同"𥊢"
(translated) same as "𥊢"
* 同"赝"
(translated) same as 赝
* 拼音zhí。笙
(translated) sheng; a Chinese mouth organ
* 石落声。 * 声响。 * 柱子下边的石礅子："雕玉～以居楹。"
Semantic variant of 𧰊: a rumbling sound
* 拼音zhì。立
(translated) stand
* 读音xỉn 吝啬
(translated) stingy
* 读音thẳng 直
(translated) straight
* 直："你拿起笔作文词，～才调无瑕玼。" * 方言，全，尽。 这窝小鸡儿～是黑的
(translated) straight; dialectal: whole, all
* 读音dấn [～]争取。[ 鎮～] 努力向上
(translated) strive for; strive to progress upward
* 拼音diān。草叶的末梢
(translated) tip of a grass blade
zhēn:* 古女子人名用字。 zhěn:* 谨慎
(translated) used as a character in ancient women"s names; cautious
* 拼音diān。白额马
(translated) white-foreheaded horse
* 拼音qǔ。草死也
(translated) withered grass
* 古同"嗔"，怒
Acquired from 㥲: (same as 㥲) anger; rage; angry; furious, (ancient form 慎) cautious; careful; scrupulous; prudent
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 蚊母，一说吐蚊鸟，夜鹰的别称
Caprimulgus indicus
* 石落声。 * 声响。 * 柱子下边的石礅子："雕玉～以居楹。"
Semantic variant of 𧰊: a rumbling sound
* 古族名，在今中国云南省东部滇池附近地区。 * 中国云南省的别称。 ～红（云南出产的红茶）。～剧。～池
Yunnan province
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 古族名，在今中国云南省东部滇池附近地区。 * 中国云南省的别称。 ～红（云南出产的红茶）。～剧。～池
Yunnan province
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
tiàn:* 古人冠冕上垂在两侧的装饰物，用玉、石、贝等制成。 * 美玉："荣重馈兼金，巡华过盈～。" * 古通"填"，填充："金精玉英～其里。" zhèn:* 镇压坐席的玉器。 玉～
a gem used as ear plug; a jade earring
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
tiàn:* 古人冠冕上垂在两侧的装饰物，用玉、石、贝等制成。 * 美玉："荣重馈兼金，巡华过盈～。" * 古通"填"，填充："金精玉英～其里。" zhèn:* 镇压坐席的玉器。 玉～
a gem used as ear plug; a jade earring
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
tiàn:* 古人冠冕上垂在两侧的装饰物，用玉、石、贝等制成。 * 美玉："荣重馈兼金，巡华过盈～。" * 古通"填"，填充："金精玉英～其里。" zhèn:* 镇压坐席的玉器。 玉～
a gem used as ear plug; a jade earring
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音zhí。 * 长一尺二寸的干肉。 * 粘。 * 肥肠
a piece of one foot two inches dried seasoned meat, to paste up; to attach to; to stick up; to glue, (same as 殖) rotten fat; grease, lard, etc., bowels, fat
* 见"阗"
a place in Xinjiang province
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 充满。 宾客～门。精气～溢。～～（ａ．盛，满，如"飞龙在天，云雨～～"。ｂ．形容鼓声、车马声，如"旋车马雷骇，轰轰～～"）。 * 声音大。 喧～
a place in Xinjiang province
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音tián。[～～]鼓声
a rumbling sound
* 胀起；胀大
a swelled belly; drop-sical, to swell, inflated
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
diān:* 树梢。 * 树木倒下。 zhěn:* 木理坚密。 * 常绿乔木，叶螺旋状排列，条状披针形，上下两面有明显隆起的中脉，种子熟时呈紫红色。亦称"罗汉松"。 zhēn:* 古同"稹"，草木根相迫迮
a twig; an ornamental evergreen
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 小心，当心。 谨～。不～。～重（ zhòng ）。～言。～独（在独处时能谨慎不苟）。 * 姓
act with care, be cautious
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 小心，当心。 谨～。不～。～重（ zhòng ）。～言。～独（在独处时能谨慎不苟）。 * 姓
act with care, be cautious
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 小心，当心。 谨～。不～。～重（ zhòng ）。～言。～独（在独处时能谨慎不苟）。 * 姓
act with care, be cautious
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 怒，生气。 ～怒。～喝（hè ㄏㄜˋ）。～诟。～斥。～睨。 * 对人不满，怪罪。 ～着。～怪。～责
be angry at, scold, rebuke
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* （须发）又黑又密："～发如云。"
black, glossy hair
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* （须发）又黑又密："～发如云。"
black, glossy hair
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* （须发）又黑又密："～发如云。"
black, glossy hair
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
zhí:* 孳生。 生～。养～。繁～。～民地。 * 种植："农～嘉谷"。 * 兴生财利。 货～（经商）。 shi:* 〔骨～〕尸骨
breed, spawn; increase; prosper
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 精神错乱失常。 疯～。～狂。～痫
crazy, mad; madness, mania, insan
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 见"癫"
crazy, mad; madness, mania, insanity
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 细致。 ～密
detailed, fine; closely woven
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 见"缜"
detailed, fine; closely woven
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"德"
ethics
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音zhí。专
exclusive; special (same as 德) morality; virtues, behavior; conduct
tián:* 把空缺的地方塞满或补满。 ～塞。～补。～充。～空（ kòng ）。义愤～膺。 * 在空白表格上按项目写。 ～表。～词。 * 形容声音巨大。 ～然。 zhèn:* zhèn ㄓㄣˋ 古同"镇"，使安定
fill in, fill up; make good
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->