* 拼音cā。鹿貌
(translated) deer-like appearance
PLG70vV6
332 
* 同"掘"
(translated) dig
* 拼音zhǎng。鱼名
(translated) fish name
* 草巷
(translated) grass lane
* 青
(translated) green
* 考家禮, 時享將迫齋浴感題,～馬, 崔結城五代孫光履來言訥
(translated) horse
* 拼音mò。山名
(translated) name of a mountain
* 拼音zhǎng。竹名
(translated) name of bamboo;
* 读音vờn 一起玩
(translated) play together
* 读音loengh。 * 耍， 玩耍，戏弄， 玩弄。仛仛～。 互相戏弄。 * 做：～ 苝。做菜
(translated) play; frolic; tease; toy with; to do; to cook
* 拼音zhǎng 这。赣语、 闽语
(translated) pronounced as zhǎng; used in Gan dialect and Min dialect
* 读音cọ 。 * 扇掌。 * [～] 吵架。 * [～擦] 擦，摩擦， 擦洗
(translated) pronunciation co; slap; quarrel; rub; scrub; wipe
* 同"䩋"
(translated) same as "䩋"
* 同"亂"
(translated) same as "亂"
* 同"怓"
(translated) same as "怓"
* 同"拘"
(translated) same as "拘"
* 同"拜"
(translated) same as "拜"
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"挹"。 * 拼音yì。 * 中国人名用字
(translated) same as "挹"; used in Chinese personal names
* 同"掑"
(translated) same as "掑"
* 同"掣"
(translated) same as "掣"
* 同"搄"
(translated) same as "搄"
* 同"摍"
(translated) same as "摍"
* 同"捛"
(translated) same as "操"
* 同"榉"
(translated) same as "榉"
* 同"洳"
(translated) same as "洳"
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"篫"
(translated) same as "篫"
* 同"绝"。断绝
(translated) same as "绝"; to sever
* 同"舁"
(translated) same as "舁"
* 同"辜"
(translated) same as "辜"
* 同"霸"
(translated) same as "霸"
* 同"𰔿"
(translated) same as "𰔿"
* 同"掬"
(translated) same as cup;
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"撏"
(translated) same as pluck
* 同"牵"
(translated) same as to pull
* 同"擪"
(translated) same as to touch
* 同"腕"
(translated) same as wrist
* 同"𢜲"
(translated) same as “𢜲”
* 同"挈"
(translated) same as 挈
* 同"斥"。 * 拼音yì
(translated) same as 斥
* 同"燂"
(translated) same as 燂
* 同"莛"
(translated) same as 莛
* 同"颋"
(translated) same as 颋
* 读音gop。 * 掬。 * 掬
(translated) scoop; scoop
* 《別行》: 若五穀粥堅而盛散供加盛毎～各座充定
(translated) serving; portion
* 读音rùn 缩。[～] 耸肩
(translated) shrug shoulders
* 拼音jiǎo。旁擊也
(translated) sideways strike
* "𩞦" 的类推简化字
(translated) simplified form of "𩞦" by analogy
* 功力坚实
(translated) solid and strong in skill
* 读音mồ[～]煤烟子
(translated) soot particle
* 读音rẩy 洒向。[～渃] 洒水
(translated) sprinkle
* 疑同"𢶷"。 * 拼音xiè。 * 中国人名用字
(translated) suspected to be same as "𢶷" ; used in Chinese personal names
* 拼音juǎn。疑同"韏"
(translated) suspected to be the same as "韏"
* :读音leems 拿（偷偷地、 轻轻地）
(translated) take stealthily and gently
* 读音khít 紧
(translated) tight
* 拼音chì。引纵
(translated) to draw and release; to pull and let go; to guide and indulge
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音zú。敛
(translated) to gather in; to collect; to restrain
* 研破
(translated) to grind and break; to grind to pieces
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音fèi。手起物
(translated) to pick up something with the hand
* 用手捣物体
(translated) to pound objects with hand
* 除
(translated) to remove
* 拼音lóng。击
(translated) to strike
* 《释迦牟尼佛成道在菩提树降魔讃》: 合曩顿四拶覩娑～丁烈反素祢引五
(translated) transliteration
* 拼音zhuǐ。中国人名用字
(translated) used in Chinese personal names
* 同"㓞"
(translated) variant of "㓞"
* 固請誠孝～ 摯惟我三聖祖聖德朕何可媲
(translated) virtue; moral excellence
* 拼音wā。 * 穿。 * [手～ 岭]山名， 在（清） 昌化县西九十里。 见《 昌化县志》 * 《八辅》 第39区， 第36字
(translated) wear; penetrate; [Shǒu ~ Lǐng] mountain name
* 〔～子〕煤矿里掘进和采煤的工作面。亦作"掌子"
(translated) working face in coal mining, specifically for tunneling and coal extraction; also known as "掌子"
pán:* 手不正。 bān:* 古同"搬"，搬运。 pó:* 清扫；扫除："尔乃～场拄翳，停偅葱翠"。 * 披散。 * 敛聚
Acquired from 㩯: (same as 㩯) to move; to transport, to collect; to gather; to make a clean sweep of
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"𭠸"
Same as "𭠸"
* 同"搴"
Semantic variant of 㩃: to take or capture (a city, etc.), to gather or to collect
* 同"奉"
Semantic variant of 奉: offer; receive; serve; respect
* 扶。后作"將"
Semantic variant of 將: will, going to, future; general
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音ná。心乱
Semantic variant of 拏: take; bring; grasp, hold; arrest
* 同"攥"
Semantic variant of 摹: trace, copy, duplicate; pattern
* 同"揽"
Semantic variant of 擥: drive away, expel, oust
* 同"牵"
Semantic variant of 牽: drag, pull, lead by hand
* 日本人劳动时挽系和服长袖的带子。 * 斜挂在肩上（做为标记的）布条。 * 打十字结，十字图案（日本汉字）
a cord for holding up sleeves
* 扣住纽扣的套。 扣～。纽～。 * 功用或形状像襻的东西。 鞋～儿。 * 扣住，使分开的东西连在一起
a loop; a belt or band
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音jié。[～槔] 同"桔槔"， 井上汲水的工具
a well sweep
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音luán。凫葵， 又名水葵，即莼菜
an edible water-plant -- Brasenia purpurca
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 用手提着。 提～。提纲～领。 * 带，领。 ～带。～眷。扶老～幼。 * 同"锲"，刻
assist, help, lead by hand
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 抓住东西向上爬。 ～登。～高。～越。～桂（古代指科举考试登第）。～折（ zhé ）。～附。～援。 * 拉扯，拉拢，结交。 ～交。～扯。～谈。～亲
climb; pull; hang on to
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
rú:* 纷乱："枝烦～而交横。" * 连续；连结。 * 糅杂。 * 古通"桡"，船桨。 * 姓。 ná:* 同"拿"
drag
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 拉，拽。 ～肘。～后腿。风驰电～。 * 抽。 ～签
drag, pull; hinder by pulling back
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"攬"
drive away, expel, oust
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 〔～〕古书上说的一种草。 * 〔萝～科〕萝藦科（学名。 Asclepiadaceae）双子叶植物纲，木本，草本，具乳汁
edible mushrooms
* 屈指卷（ juǎn ）握起来的手。 ～头（"头"读轻声）。 * 徒手的武术。 ～术。打～。太极～。～谱。～脚。 * 肢体弯曲。 ～曲。～起腿来。 * 量词，用于拳头打人的动作。 打他几～
fist; various forms of boxing
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 聚集："～敛九薮之动物。" * 束。 * 细小。 * 固。 * 古通"揪"："忍终教束手囹圄，急提防劈面～拖。"
grasp with hand, pinch
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"研"
grind, rub; study, research; (Cant.) to play a stringed instrument
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"研"
grind, rub; study, research; (Cant.) to play a stringed instrument
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 人使用工具的上肢前端。 ～心。棘～（形容事情难办，像荆棘刺手）。着（ zhuó ）～（开始做，动手）。～不释卷。 * 拿着。 人～一册。 * 亲自动手。 ～稿。～迹。～令。～书（a。笔迹；b。亲笔书信）。 * 技能、本领。 ～法（技巧，方法）。～段。留一～。 * 做某种事情或擅长某种技能的人。 国～。扒～。生产能～。 * 小巧易拿的。 ～枪。～册
hand
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 向上托；举。 ～受。～天柱（喻担负重任的人）。众～易举
lift up, hold up, support
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 见"镎"
neptunium (Np)
* 一种放射性金属元素，银白色
neptunium (Np)
* 手心，脚心。 ～心。手～。脚～。鼓～。易如反～。 * 用巴掌打。 ～嘴。 * 把握，主持，主管。 ～管。～权。～勺。～柜。 * 鞋底或牲口蹄子底下的东西。 鞋～。马～儿。 * 〔～故〕关于历史人物、典章制度等的故事或传说。 * 姓
palm of hand, sole of foot, paw
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 〔～手〕同"扒手"，掏包的贼
pickpocket
* 支着，支持。 ～竿跳。支～。～持（勉强支持）。～腰（喻给予有力支持）。～拒。～门面。 * 用篙使船前进。 ～船。 * 使张开。 ～伞。～口袋。 * 使保持张开状态的器物。 ～子。～圈（ quān ）。 * 饱胀到容不下的程度。 吃～着了。口袋～破了
prop up, support; brace
* 古同"举"
raise, lift up; recommend
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"舉"
raise, lift up; recommend
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
mó:* 擦，蹭，接触。 ～擦。～天。～崖（山崖上刻的文字、佛像等）。～肩接踵。～顶放踵。 * 摸，抚。 ～弄。～挲（ suō ） * 研究，切磋。 观～。揣～（a。研究，仔细琢磨；b。估量，推测）。 * 古同"磨"，磨擦。 mā:* 〔～挲（ suō ）〕用手轻轻按着一下一下地移动
rub, scour, grind; friction
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
mó:* 擦，蹭，接触。 ～擦。～天。～崖（山崖上刻的文字、佛像等）。～肩接踵。～顶放踵。 * 摸，抚。 ～弄。～挲（ suō ） * 研究，切磋。 观～。揣～（a。研究，仔细琢磨；b。估量，推测）。 * 古同"磨"，磨擦。 mā:* 〔～挲（ suō ）〕用手轻轻按着一下一下地移动
rub, scour, grind; friction
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->