中

U03W93bw

807 U03W93bw
301 𧕱 U+27571 xiá

* 同"螛"。 * 拼音xiá。 * 蝼蛄

(translated) same as "螛"; mole cricket

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_EB2C
302 𨪔 U+28A94

* 同"证"

(translated) same as "证"

303 𤙝 U+2465D liáng

* 同"邦"

(translated) same as "邦"

304 𤙱 U+24671 shè

* 同"騇"

(translated) same as "騇"

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E226
305 𢛮 U+226EE lí

* 同"𢟤"

(translated) same as "𢟤"

306 𤙩 U+24669 jiè

* 同"𤘦"

(translated) same as "𤘦"

307 𤘜 U+2461C yóu

* 同"𤘲"。 * 拼音yóu。 * 不动

(translated) same as "𤘲"; immobile; still

308 𦱒 U+26C52 mù

* 同"苜"

(translated) same as alfalfa

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E55381_E554
309 𤚃 U+24683

* 同"牴"

(translated) same as butt

310 𤚾 U+246BE

* 同"振"

(translated) same as shake

311 𭯡 U+2DBE1

* 同"犛"

(translated) same as yak

312 𤜅 U+24705

* 同"㹊"

(translated) same as 㹊

313 𭷞 U+2DDDE

* 同"恤"

(translated) same as 恤

314 𭷝 U+2DDDD

* 同"抱"。见《 大正新脩大藏經》

(translated) same as 抱

315 𤙈 U+24648

* 同"抶"

(translated) same as 抶

316 𤛷 U+246F7 sè

* 同"牆"

(translated) same as 牆

317 𤘥 U+24625

* 同"牝"

(translated) same as 牝; female

318 𤙓 U+24653

* 同"犝"

(translated) same as 犝

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_E5FD
319 𧎬 U+273AC

* 同"蟘"

(translated) same as 蟘

320 𪺭 U+2AEAD

* "犞" 的类推简化字

(translated) simplified form by analogy of "犞"

321 𪺪 U+2AEAA

* "𤜆" 的类推简化字

(translated) simplified form by analogy of "𤜆"

322 𫚟 U+2B69F

* "𩸡" 的类推简化字

(translated) simplified form of "𩸡" by analogy

323 𤘹 U+24639 pí

* 拼音pī。驱使和呦喝牛的声音

(translated) sound to drive and call cattle

324 𤙙 U+24659 guǐ

* 拼音guǐ。[牴～] 置于华表顶上或大门前的两石兽名

(translated) stone beasts placed atop Huabiao columns or before main gates

325 𬌡 U+2C321 kè

* 疑同"骒"。 * 拼音kè。 * [～马] 母马。胶辽官话。[～ 骡子]母骡子。 胶辽官话

(translated) suspected to be same as "骒"; mare (Jiaoliao Mandarin dialect); female mule (Jiaoliao Mandarin dialect)

326 𤛛 U+246DB duǒ

* 拼音xiū。(牛） 无尾

(translated) tailless (ox)

327 𤙛 U+2465B tú

* 拼音tú。有虎纹的黄牛

(translated) tawny cattle with tiger stripes

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E0D6
328 犙 U+7299 sān

* 三岁的牛

(translated) three-year-old ox

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E0D2
329 𤚔 U+24694 shōu

* 拼音shōu。三岁的牛

(translated) three-year-old ox

330 𪺬 U+2AEAC

* 读音húc 用头或角撞击

(translated) to butt with the head or horn; to strike with the head or horn

331 𤚆 U+24686

* 读音bê [ 搬～]携带

(translated) to carry; used in [搬~]

332 𤜖 U+24716 léi

* 拼音léi。 * 求子牛。 * 腾䝏

(translated) to seek a calf; to gallop

333 𤙮 U+2466E

* 读音ngàu，ngầu 浑浊

(translated) turbid; muddy

334 牬 U+726C bèi

* 两岁的牛。 * 体长的牛。 * 牛长大

(translated) two-year-old ox; ox with a long body; ox grows up

335 𬌤 U+2C324 yáng

* 拼音yáng。中国人名用字

(translated) used for Chinese personal names

336 𤛨 U+246E8

* 《四库全书》: 人名用字。張～

(translated) used in personal names

337 𪺲 U+2AEB2

* 俗"𪺱"

(translated) vulgar form of "𪺱"

338 𬌞 U+2C31E lǚ

* 拼音lǚ。[～犋] 步犁。胶辽官话

(translated) walking plow; in Jiaoliao Mandarin dialect

339 牨 U+7268 gāng

* 水牛。 * 古同"犅"，公牛

(translated) water buffalo; anciently same as "犅", bull

340 𤛍 U+246CD cuī

* 拼音cuī。白牛

(translated) white cow

341 犡 U+72A1 lì

* 白脊牛。 * 牛病

(translated) white-backed cattle; cattle disease

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_72A1
342 𬃿 U+2C0FF

* 粤音dak6。 * 木桩

(translated) wooden stake; stake

343 犣 U+72A3 liè

* 旄牛。 * 公牛

(translated) yak; bull

344 犐 U+7290 kē

* 〔郭～〕古书上说的一种牛。 * （牛）无角

Acquired from 㸱 㸰: (same as 㸰,犐) hornless cattle

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6F8
345 牭 U+726D sì

* 四岁的牛。 * 牛凶狠

Acquired from 㹑: (same as 㹑) four-year old cattle; two and a half year-old cattle

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E0D327_E0D4
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
94_EE52
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6CB81_E6CC
346 𤚄 U+24684

* 同"犓"

Same as "犓"

347 𤔤 U+24524

* 同"爱"

Semantic variant of 愛: love, be fond of, like

348 𤙗 U+24657

* 同"方"

Semantic variant of 方: a square, rectangle; a region; local

349 牱 U+7271 gē

* "牁"的讹字

Semantic variant of 牁: mooring stake; painter, mooring

350 㸨 U+3E28 jiū

* 拼音jiū。大公牛

a big bull

351 牤 U+7264 máng māng

* 〔～牛〕方言，公牛

a bull

352 犍 U+728D jiǎn qián jiān

jiān:* 公牛，特指骟去睾丸的公牛。 qián:* 〔～为（ wéi ）〕地名，在中国四川省

a bullock; a fabulous monster

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_728D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6F2
353 㹊 U+3E4A yuè

* 拼音yuè。白牛

a cattle of white color

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E0D9
354 㹀 U+3E40 bó

* 拼音bó。 * 母牛。 * 《八辅》 第34区， 第58字

a cow; female of an animal

355 㹋 U+3E4B xiū

* 拼音xiū。牛无尾

a cow; ox; bull; cattle, a cow with no tail

356 㸯 U+3E2F

* 同"犐"

a fine breed of cattle (cow, bull or ox), hornless cattle

357 㹓 U+3E53 yì

* 拼音yǎo。 * 兽名。 * 牛马腾跃

a kind of animal, cattles and horses to prance; to be lively

358 㸳 U+3E33 líng

* 同"𤜙"。 * 拼音líng。 * 牛名

a kind of cattle

359 㸻 U+3E3B sì

* 拼音sì。一岁的牛

a kind of cattle, an one year old cattle

360 㹄 U+3E44 jì qì

* 拼音jì。一种矮小的牛

a kind of cattle; a cattle of short statured

361 㸲 U+3E32 zuó zuò

* 拼音zuō。古代传说中生长在太华山上的一种牛， 肉重千斤

a kind of mountain cattle; big and heavy

362 㹉 U+3E49 yuán

* 拼音yuán。传说中的一种似牛的三足怪兽

a legendary animal (some kind looks like a cow) with three feet, a wild ox; the bison

363 㹏 U+3E4F jǐn

* 拼音jǐn。 * 善。 * 牛柔驯

a tame, gentle and yielding cow; good, virtuous

364 㹛 U+3E5B ráo rǎo

* 拼音ráo。 * 牛柔顺。 * 顺从， 和善

a tame, gentle and yielding cow; good, virtuous

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E0DD
365 㸬 U+3E2C bèi fèi pèi

* 同"牬"

a two-years-old ox, ox with a long body, ox with long and big feet

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E0D1
366 㸽 U+3E3D bèi

* 同"㸬"

a two-years-old ox, ox with long and big feet

367 㸪 U+3E2A chún

* 拼音chún。牛行缓慢

an ox walking slowly

368 犉 U+7289 rún

* 黄毛黑唇的黄牛。 * 七尺牛

an ox with yellow hair and black lips

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7289
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_E678
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6D0
369 牜 U+725C niu

* 同"牛"。用作偏旁

an ox, a cow Radical 93

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_E41B41_E41C41_E41D41_E41E41_E41F41_E42041_E42141_E42241_E42341_E42441_E42541_E42641_E42741_E42841_E42941_E42A41_E42B41_E42C41_E42D41_E42E41_E42F41_E43041_E431
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_EE5734_EE5831_E47A31_E47B31_E47E31_E47C31_E47D31_E47F31_E480
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_E5EE51_E5DE51_E5E351_E5E151_E5E451_E5E251_E5DF51_E5E051_E5E651_E5E551_E5E951_E5EA51_E5E751_E5E851_E5EC51_E5EB51_E5ED55_E56E55_E56F55_E57055_E57155_E57255_E57355_E57455_E57555_E57655_E57755_E57855_E57955_E57A55_E57B55_E57C55_E57D55_E57E
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E0BF71_E0C0
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_725B
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E0BF71_E0C091_E65391_E65491_E65791_E65591_E65691_E65891_E65991_E65B91_E65A
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6B181_E6B2
370 犄 U+7284 jī yī

* 〔～角〕a。兽角，如"牛～～"；b。棱角，如"桌子～～儿"；c。角落，如"墙～～儿"

animal horns

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7317
371 㸮 U+3E2E fén

* 同"𤘦"。 * 拼音fén。 * 公牛

bull; bulllock; ox (castrated), a four years old ox

372 㹒 U+3E52 pǔ

* 拼音pǔ。公牛

bull; bullock, a calf

373 㹍 U+3E4D dí dú

* 拼音dí。公牛

bull; bullock; ox (castrated)

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6FE
374 㹎 U+3E4E léi

* 拼音léi。公牛

bull; bullock; ox (castrated), 求子牛

375 㸸 U+3E38 hǒu ǒu kǒu

hǒu:* 小牛。 ǒu:* 公牛。 kǒu:* 同"𤘘"

calf, bull; bullock; ox (castrated), (a variant) domesticated animals

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6F5
376 犊 U+728A dú

* 小牛。 牛～。初生之～不怕虎

calf; victim of sacrifice

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
35_E542
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
55_E582
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_72A2
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6C581_E6C681_E6C781_E6C881_E6C9
377 犢 U+72A2 dú

* 见"犊"

calf; victim of sacrifice

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
35_E542
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
55_E582
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_72A2
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_E67291_E67591_E67391_E674
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6C581_E6C681_E6C781_E6C881_E6C9
378 㹗 U+3E57 táo tāo

* 拼音tāo。牛羊不生子

cattle and sheep have no children

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E0E0
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6E5
379 㹔 U+3E54 jiāng

* 拼音jiāng。 * 长脊牛。 * 白牛

cattle with long back, a white cattle; a cattle having white color on the back

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E0DA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6D1
380 㸹 U+3E39 liè

* 拼音fú。黑唇牛

cattle with white stripe on the back, variegated; parti-colored, mixed; impure

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E0D7
381 𤘘 U+24618 kǒu

* 牛口

cattle, domestic animals

382 㹌 U+3E4C chǎn shèng

chǎn:* 畜牲。 shēng:* 母牛

cattle; domestic animals, a cow; female of an animal

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E0DC
383 觕 U+89D5 cū

cū:* 牛角直貌。 * 粗浅；粗略。 * 同"粗"。 chù:* 同"觸"。 chéng:* 同"䚘"。角长貌

coarse, rough, rude

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE14
384 㸶 U+3E36 yān

* 拼音yān。牛尾色

color of the oxtail; a flat yellow

Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6F6
385 牷 U+7277 quán

* 古代用作祭品的纯色全牲

cow or ox of one color, perfect

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E0C6
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7277
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E0C6
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6D4
386 牯 U+726F gǔ

* 母牛；亦指阉割后的公牛；亦泛指牛

cow; bull; ox

387 蠏 U+880F xiè

* 同"蟹"

crab, brachyura

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_87F927_EB20
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E3B0
388 犒 U+7292 kào

* 用酒食或财物慰劳。 ～劳。～赏。～师

entertain victorious soldiers

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_EA85
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
36_EEA8
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
56_EABD
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_69C1
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6F981_E6FA
389 牝 U+725D pìn

* 雌性的鸟或兽，与"牡"相对。 ～牛。～马。～鸡。 * 锁孔。 * 溪谷："丘陵为牡，溪谷为～"

female of species; deep gorge

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_E46441_E46541_E46641_E46741_E46841_E46941_E46A41_E46B41_E46D41_E46E41_E46F41_E47041_E47141_E47241_E47341_E47441_E47541_E47641_E47741_E47841_E47941_E47A41_E47B41_E47C41_E47D41_E47E41_E47F41_E48041_E48141_E48241_E48341_E48441_E48541_E48841_E48941_E48A
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
55_E58151_E5F0
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E0C371_E0C4
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_725D
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E0C371_E0C491_E66C91_E66D91_E66E91_E66A91_E66F91_E67091_E671
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6C381_E6C4
390 牣 U+7263 rèn

* 满："珍怪鸟兽……充～其中。" * 古通"韧"："白所以为坚也，黄所以为～也。"

fill, stuff; full

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7263
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6EA
391 㹁 U+3E41 liáng

* 拼音liáng。牻牛

generally called the animals (cattle, sheep etc.) with mixed color of white and black

Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E0D5
392 牴 U+7274 dǐ

* 同"抵"

gore, butt; resist

Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E0CC
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7274
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E0CC91_E69891_E69A91_E699
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F27084_F271
393 牠 U+7260 tā tuō tuó

tā:* 同"它"。代词，称人以外的事物。 tuó:* 同"㸰"

it; polled cattle

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
45_F0F445_F0F545_F0F645_F0F745_F0F845_F0F945_F0FA45_F0FB45_F0FC45_F0FD45_F0FE
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_F7E433_F7E333_F7E533_F7EB33_F7E733_F80833_F7F433_F7F933_F7EF33_F7F833_F7F233_F7FD33_F7EE33_F7ED33_F7F133_F80433_F7FE33_F7F333_F7F733_F7F033_F7FF33_F80333_F80633_F7F533_F7F633_F80933_F7FC33_F80033_F7EA33_F7E833_F7E933_F7E633_F7EC33_F80733_F7FA33_F7FB33_F805
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
53_E95057_F37E57_F38357_F38457_F37F57_F38157_F38057_F382
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_ED7271_ED7571_ED7371_ED7471_ED7671_ED7771_ED78
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5B8327_86C7
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E4AA85_E4AB85_E4AC85_E4AD85_E4AE85_E4AF85_E4B0
394 牡 U+7261 mǔ

* 雄性的鸟或兽，亦指植物的雄株，与"牝"相对。 ～牛。 * 锁匙。 ～钥。 * 丘陵

male of animals; bolt of door

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_E43441_E43541_E43641_E43741_E43841_E43941_E43A41_E43B41_E43C41_E43D41_E43E41_E43F41_E44041_E44141_E44241_E44341_E44441_E44541_E44641_E44741_E44841_E44941_E44A41_E44B41_E44C41_E44D41_E44E41_E44F41_E45041_E45141_E45241_E45341_E45441_E455
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_E48135_E53E31_E482
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
55_E57F55_E58053_E21C53_E21B53_E21D
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E0C171_E0C2
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7261
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E0C171_E0C291_E65C91_E65D91_E65E91_E65F91_E66091_E66191_E66491_E66291_E66591_E663
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6B381_E6B481_E6B581_E6B681_E6B781_E6B8
395 惣 U+60E3 zǒng

* "揔"的讹字

overall [questionable variant]

396 牼 U+727C kēng

* 牛胫骨。 * 古通"顅"，颈长

ox shank, person"s name

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_E48C31_E48D
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_727C
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6E781_E6E8
397 牺 U+727A suō xī

* 古代称做祭品用的纯色牲畜。 ～牲（➊古代祭祀用牲的通称，色纯为"牺"，体全为"牲"，如"～～玉帛，弗敢加也，必以信"；➋为了崇高的目的舍去自己的生命或权利等，如"为祖国不怕流血～～"；➌放弃或损害一方的利益，如"他～～自己的休息时间，突击完成了任务"）。～牛。～尊（古代牺牛形的酒器）

sacrifice, give up; sacrificial

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_E60555_E59155_E59255_E59355_E59455_E59555_E596
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_72A7
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6EF81_E6F081_E6F1
398 犠 U+72A0 xi

* 古同"犧"

sacrifice, give up; sacrificial

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_E60555_E59155_E59255_E59355_E59455_E59555_E596
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_72A7
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6EF81_E6F081_E6F1
399 犧 U+72A7 suō xī

* 古代稱做祭品用的純色牲畜。 ～牲（➊古代祭祀用牲的通稱，色純為"犧"，體全為"牲"，如"～～玉帛，弗敢加也，必以信"；➋為了崇高的目的舍去自己的生命或權利等，如"為祖國不怕流血～～"；➌放棄或損害一方的利益，如"他～～自己的休息時間，突擊完成了任務"）。～牛。～尊（古代犧牛形的酒器）

sacrifice, give up; sacrificial

Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_E60555_E59155_E59255_E59355_E59455_E59555_E596
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_72A7
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
91_E6AC
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6EF81_E6F081_E6F1
400 牲 U+7272 shēng

* 家畜。 ～口。～灵。～畜。 * 古代特指供宴飨祭祀用的牛、羊、猪。 三～。献～

sacrificial animal; animal

Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_E48B
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_E48831_E48731_E486
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
55_E583
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E0C5
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_7272
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E0C591_E68091_E68191_E682
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E6D5
401 㹘 U+3E58 rú rù ruí

* 拼音rù。 * 牛胫。 * 牛名

shinbone of a cattle, a kind of cattle