* 粤语lǎa。 * （粵） 同"嚹"
(Cant.) a particle implying completion, certainty, or urgency
YrXwdCQ4
2152 
* 粤语wōk。 * 瓦特(watt)
(Cant.) a watt (Engl. loan-word)
* 〈方〉平底锅。白铁罐；白铁桶。粤语
(Cant.) bang; pan (Eng. loanwords)
* 方言，镯子。 金～。玉～。脚～
(Cant.) bracelet; bangle
* 古同"鉎"
(Cant.) rust
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 粤语jù。 * （粤） 愜意
(Cant.) satisfied, comfortable
* 拼音xī。（粵） 喜愛
(Cant.) to like, love; to kiss
* 铁锈
(Cant.) to rust
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 方言，锯；割；切；裁。 ～木。～玻璃。～纸刀
(Cant.) to saw; to cut
* 同"初"
(ancient form of 初) the beginning; the first
* 同"琴"
(ancient form of 琴) a musical instrument
* 同"琴"
(ancient form of 琴) a musical instrument
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"誓"
(ancient form of 誓) a solemn pledge; a vow; an oath
* 同"证"
(ancient form of 證) evidence, proof, to give evidence, to testify
* 同"鐵"
(ancient form of 鐵) iron, strong; firm
* 同"鈗"
(corrupted form of 鈗) a kind of weapons held by the officials in attendance in old times, (same as 銳) a sharp-pointed weapon
wàn:* "鋄（錽）"的讹字。 mài:* 化学元素。符号Mt，原子序数109。具强放射性，由人工合成而得
(corrupted form of 錽) a kind of decoration on the head of a horse; usually in a shape of an animal face, ornaments of a bridle or reins, to engrave incised inscriptions on copper or iron plate; to engrave on metal or wood
* "鍪"的讹字
(corrupted form of 鍪) cooking utensils used in ancient times; an iron pan, a helmet; a metal cap
* "𨫔"的訛字
(corrupted form) a whip, a farm tool used to regulate seedling and to weed
* "锊" 的讹字
(corrupted from of 鋝) a metal ring, an ancient weight of over six taels
* 同"襟"。同襟， 衣襟
(interchangeable 襟) a garment of single thickness, lapel of a garment, collar of a robe formerly worn by the literati, therefore used for educated classes
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"鑮"
(interchangeable 鎛) a musical instrument in old times, a large bell suspended from a frame; a kind of ancient bell, a variety of hoe
* 同"鍱"
(non-classical form of 鍱) thin plates of metal, to wrap with metal plates, iron of copper ore, ingots, bars of metal, a metal ring
* 拼音yè。以铁为楬
(non-classical form 楬) a metal marking- stake; a guidepost; a pile
* 同"锖"
(non-classical of 錆) refined; polished; unmixed, the essence, fine and delicate, keen, very
* "𬭯" 的繁体
(same as "鐅") the blade or edge of a spade, an open-lidded shallow pan used to boil salt
* 同"衔"。 * 拼音xián。 * 用嘴叼含
(same as U+929C 銜 U+5563 啣) to hold in the mouth
* 同"铡"
(same as U+9358 鍘) a hinged shear or long knife for cutting fodder or hay; sheet-iron, etc., to cut up
* 同"琴"
(same as 琴) a musical instrument
* 同"璿"
(same as 璿 璇) a fine kind of jade
* 同"证"
(same as 證) evidence, proof, to give evidence, to testify)
* 同"釛"
(same as 釛) metal, gold
* 同"釿"
(same as 釿 斤) an ax; a hatchet, to cut off; to chop off
* 同"钝"
(same as 鈍) blunt, obtuse; dull-witted
* 同"钿"
(same as 鈿) silver of gold filigree, hairpin, inlaid work
* "钺" 的讹字
(same as 鉞) a battle-axe; a halberd
* 同"铏"
(same as 鉶) container for thick soup, sacrificial utensil, thick soup of meat and vegetables, (interchangeable 硎) a whetstone; grindstone
* 同"錯"
(same as 錯) wrong; mistake; error; a fault, a blunder, to mistake, to be confused
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"锲"
(same as 鍥) to carve; to cut, a sickle
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音zhǐ。 * 化学元素"锗"的旧译。 * [～锚湾] 在辽宁绥中，现也作" 止锚湾"
(same as 鍺) chemical element, Germanium
* 同"针"
(same as 鍼 針) needle; pin; probe
* 同"燧"。古代取火的工具
(same as 鐆) a speculum used in ancient times, to produce fire from the rays of the sun
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"锏"字
(same as 鐗,鐧) protective metal on the axis of a wheel, a kind of ancient weapon
* 同"鐫"
(same as 鐫) to engrave or carve; as a block for printing
* 同"镵"
(same as 鑱) a chisel, a coulter, mattock, sharp
* 同"凿"
(same as 鑿) an instrument for boring wood; to chisel, to bore or pierce through
* 同"鬲"。古代炊具
(same as 鬲) cooking utensil used in old times, sacrificial vessel; a heavy three-legged caldron; huge tripod of bronze with two ears
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"鵌"
(same as 鵌) a kind of bird which shares its nest with rats
* 同"鈂"
(standard form of 鈂) a spade, an iron bar for making hole, to dig, heavy
* 温器。 * 金器。 * 用慢火烂煮肉物。 * 苦战；激战。后作"鏖"
(standard form of 鏖) desperate fighting; to fight hard, (a stove) for keeping warm; to stew something until it"s tender
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"紟"
(the large seal; a type of Chinese calligraphy) (same as 紟) a sash, to tie, a kind of cloth or textiles, lapel of a Chinese dress, a single coverlet
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 读音giáo 枪
(translated) "giáo", pronounced as "qiang" (gun)
qín:* 〔黄～〕即"黄芩"，一种草本植物，根黄色，可入药。 qīn:* 古书上说的一种草。 jīn:* 〔～䔲〕古书上说的一种草
(translated) * [Huang ~] referring to "Huangqin" (Radix Scutellariae), a herbaceous plant with yellow roots and medicinal properties; * a type of grass mentioned in ancient books; * [~ Qi] a type of grass mentioned in ancient books
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 〔～笼〕古书上说的一种竹子，可制笛子，如"惟～～之奇生兮，于终南之阴崖。"
(translated) *(Zhonglong 籦笼)*: a type of bamboo described in ancient texts, used for making flutes
* 〈方〉唱戏时打的锣。冀鲁官话
(translated) <dialect> gong used in opera performance; Ji-Lu Mandarin
* 中国人名用字
(translated) A Chinese given name character
* 拼音bēi。 * 一种农具。 * guī挖土的工具， 铁锹。古方言
(translated) A farm tool; Dialectal (ancient) term for a digging tool, shovel
* 一种钻。 * 古同"錑"，平木器具
(translated) A kind of drill; Anciently same as "錑", flat wooden tool
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 一种较宽较薄的箭头："长～逐狡兔。" * 铁。 * 犁刃
(translated) A type of broad and thin arrowhead; Iron; Plow blade
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音hé。 * 一种饮酒器， 流行于春秋、战国时期。 * 战国时田氏代齐后齐国的铜制官定量器
(translated) A type of drinking vessel popular during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods; A bronze official measuring vessel of Qi State after Tian family replaced the ruling house of Qi in Warring States period
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
* 一种小鼎："水火相憎，～在其间，五味以和。" * 小的样子
(translated) A type of small *ding* (ancient cooking vessel): "Water and fire clash, it (鏏) is in between, to harmonize the five flavors"; Appearance of smallness
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音liú。一种树， 果实象梨，又叫"杙"
(translated) A type of tree with pear-shaped fruit; also called "杙"
* 一种菜，生在阴湿处，方茎、对节、白花，嫩苗可食
(translated) A type of vegetable that grows in damp and shady places, characterized by square stems, opposite nodes, and white flowers; its tender sprouts are edible
* 拼音chǎ。 * 明代人创制的一种兵器。 * 戮刺。 * 同"镲"。一种打击乐器
(translated) A weapon invented in the Ming dynasty; to stab; same as "镲", a percussion instrument
* 锡的别称，或专指锡中坚白的一种。 * 古代一种铁器
(translated) Alias for tin, or specifically refers to a hard white variety of tin; An ancient type of ironware
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 古代一种乐器
(translated) An ancient musical instrument
* 古代用金属制成的球形薰香器："金～熏香"
(translated) An ancient spherical incense burner made of metal; for example, "金~熏香" (gold incense burner)
* 古代一种用黄金或铜装饰的鼓
(translated) An ancient type of drum decorated with gold or copper
* 古代一种铁柄短矛。也泛指短矛："其长兵则弓矢，短兵则刀～。" * 刺杀："格虾蛤，～猛氏。"
(translated) An ancient type of short spear with an iron handle; also broadly refers to short spears; to stab to death; to assassinate
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音biān。古代一种金属制的较短的杆状兵器
(translated) An ancient, relatively short, rod-shaped weapon made of metal
* 古代写信用的竹简
(translated) Ancient Chinese bamboo slips used for writing letters
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古代的炊具，相当于现在的锅
(translated) Ancient cooking utensil, similar to a modern pot
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"崟"，山高峻的样子
(translated) Ancient form of "崟", describing the appearance of a high and steep mountain
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"忾"
(translated) Ancient form of "忾"
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"挽"，牵引
(translated) Ancient form of "挽", meaning "to pull"
* 古同"瀅"
(translated) Ancient form of "瀅"
* 古同"矽"
(translated) Ancient form of "矽"
* 古同"襻"
(translated) Ancient form of "襻"
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"鈚"，一种较宽较薄较长的箭头："武将齐贯～。" * 古酒器，形似壶，敞口，短颈，鼓腹扁圆。 * 犁刃
(translated) Ancient form of "鈚"; a type of arrowhead that is wider, thinner, and longer; Ancient wine vessel resembling a pot, with an open mouth, short neck, bulging belly, and flattened round body; Plow blade
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"鉥"，长针
(translated) Ancient form of "鉥"; long needle
* 古同"鍐"，马头上的装饰
(translated) Ancient form of "鍐"; horse head ornament
* 古同"鍑"
(translated) Ancient form of "鍑"
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"鎒"
(translated) Ancient form of "鎒"
* 古同"鐀"
(translated) Ancient form of "鐀"
* 古同"钂"
(translated) Ancient form of "钂"
* 古同"钖"
(translated) Ancient form of "钖"
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"钹"。 * 釜中沸水溢出。 * 化学元素"铍"的旧译
(translated) Ancient form of "钹"; Boiling water overflowing from a pot; Former translation for the chemical element beryllium
* 古同"锋"
(translated) Ancient form of "锋"
* 古同"镧"
(translated) Ancient form of "镧"
* 古同"钢"
(translated) Ancient form of steel; same as steel
* 古代釜一类的熬胶器皿。 * 刀柄。 * 化学元素"钚"的旧译
(translated) Ancient glue-boiling vessel similar to a pot; Knife handle; Former translation for the chemical element Plutonium
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古代装在马头上像角的金属装饰物，用来割除网罗。 * 古代结在车辕两边，防止马打架的一种装置
(translated) Ancient metal ornament on a horse"s head, shaped like a horn and used to cut nets; Ancient device attached to both sides of a chariot shaft to prevent horses from fighting
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"鎗2"
(translated) Anciently same as "鎗" (meaning 2)
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 敦煌P.2568《 南陽張延綬別傳》："長城以北， 休聞沓～之交。 大漠以南，戮断西戎之臂。" 见《康熙字典》( 增订版)
(translated) Appears in the sentence "沓~之交" from "Biography of Zhang Yanshou of Nanyang" (Dunhuang P.2568) cited in the Kangxi Dictionary (Revised Edition)
* 《佛说金刚手菩萨降伏一切部多大教王经》: 野怛哩二合萨哩～二合娑嚩二合贺引
(translated) Appears in 《Buddha Speaks Sutra of Vajrapani Bodhisattva Subduing All Bhuta Great Teaching King Sutra》; ya da li sa li suo po he yin
* 古同"鐪"
(translated) Archaic form of "鐪"
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"锅"。 * 戈。 * 化学元素"钶"的旧译
(translated) Archaic form of "锅", wok; pot; Dagger-axe; Obsolete translation for the chemical element Niobium
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 化学元素"铑"的旧译
(translated) Archaic translation of rhodium
* 化学元素"铯"的旧译
(translated) Archaic translation of the chemical element "cesium"
zuì:* 锥子一类的工具。 niè:* 镊子
(translated) Awl-like tool; Tweezers
* 疑为"䥌"讹字。 * 拼音zhèng。 * 中国人名用字
(translated) Believed to be corrupted form of "䥌"; Used in Chinese personal names