* 拼音ní
(translated) Pinyin is ní
Structure 灬 | HanziFinder
5259 
灬 * 中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 拼音tǒu。一种鱼
a fish
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 鸟名。头小，颈长，体比雁略大，背上有黄褐色和黑色斑纹，善走不善飞。较常见的种类为大鸨，又称"地鵏"。常栖于草原地带，夏时在内蒙古自治区东北部和东三省西部，冬迁华北。 * 旧时开设妓院的老妓女或妓女的假母。明朱權 * 毛黑白相杂的马。也作"鴇"
bustard; procuress; Otis species (various)
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"凤"
(translated) Same as "凤"
* 同"鹫"
(translated) Vulture;
* "𩿗" 的同形重复字
(translated) Reduplicated form of "𩿗"
* 同"鸦"
(translated) Same as "crow"
* 疑同"𩿫"。 * 拼音yàn。 * 中国人名用字
(translated) Suspected to be the same as "𩿫"; Pinyin: yàn; Used in Chinese personal names
* "鵲"の 意。 * 訓読み：かささぎ
(translated) Means "magpie"; Japanese reading: kasasagi
* 同"鴝"
(translated) same as 鴝
* 指羽毛杂色的鸟类
(translated) birds with variegated feathers
* 同"雁"
(translated) Same as "雁"
* 同"雏"
(translated) same as chick
* 同"鳿"
(translated) same as "鳿"
* 拼音běi。[慈～] 母鸡
(translated) Hen
* 同"𩾬"
(translated) Same as "𩾬"
* 读音sẻ，（chim～） 麻雀
(translated) Pronounced sẻ; sparrow
* 同"鸋"。人名用字。 字見《殷周金文集成引得》1088 頁。 * 金文原形字 出自《殷周金文集成》 第9403器銘文中
(translated) Same as "鸋"; Used in personal names; Original form in bronze inscriptions
* 同"鸋"。人名用字。 字見《殷周金文集成引得》1088 頁。 * 金文原形字 出自《殷周金文集成》 第9403器銘文中
(translated) Same as "鸋"; Used in personal names; Original form of the character in bronze inscriptions
* 见"鸺"
horned owl, scops chinensis; bird of ill omen
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"鸺"
(translated) Same as "鸺"
* 拼音tóng。一种鸟
(translated) Pronunciation: tóng; a type of bird
* 金文隶定字， 同"𪀭"。 人名用字。字見《 殷周金文集成引得》1089頁。 * 金文原形字 出自《殷周金文集成》 第2527器銘文中
(translated) Standardized clerical script form of a bronze inscription character; same as "𪀭"; used in personal names
* 拼音èr
(translated) Pinyin: èr
án:* 心灰意懒，情绪不高。 àn:* 开玩笑的话
(translated) disheartened and listless; in low spirits; joking words
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"獯"。 《辩正论》: 自贬之为子岂可～鬻之小匠匹我天王之大师此华夷之异四也
(translated) Same as "獯"
* 疑同。 * 拼音yàn。 * 中国人名用字
(translated) Suspected to be the same as; Pinyin: yàn; Used in Chinese given names
* 拼音hēi。姓
(translated) Pinyin hēi; surname
* 哺乳动物，体大，尾短，四肢短而粗，脚掌大，能直立行走，也能攀树，种类很多，有"棕熊"、"白熊"、"黑熊"等。 狗～（即"黑熊"）。～掌。～白（熊背上的脂肪，白色，珍贵食品）。～胆（熊的胆，可入药）。～包（喻无能的人，废物）。 * 方言，指斥责。 挨了一顿～。 * 姓
a bear; brilliant; bright; surname
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"煞"
(translated) Same as "煞"
* 同"醮"
(translated) Same as 醮
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 读音ret， 蜈蚣
(translated) Pronunciation: ret; centipede
* 同"鹘"
(translated) Same as "鹘"
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音fū。见"䳤"
(translated) see "䳤"
* 读音ho。 义未详
(translated) Pronounced as ho; meaning unknown
* 同"鸞"
(translated) Same as "鸞"
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 见"鹆"
mynah bird; Acridotheres tristis
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"𪁵"
(translated) Same as "𪁵"
* 同"黗"
(translated) same as 黗
* 拼音mèi。 * 浅黑色。 * 深黑色
light black, dark black
* 拼音zhǔ。点， 汉字笔画一之，形状为"丶"
(translated) Dot; a Chinese character stroke; shaped like "丶"
* 拼音xiǎn。削
(translated) pare; peel; cut
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"廛"
(translated) same as "廛"
* 《大毘卢遮那佛説要略念诵经》: 舵儞宁一反三帝～摩引里儞四莎诃 住是本尊瑜伽食讫所有
(translated) Appears as a character within a mantra syllable; Used in the mantra fragment "舵儞𭊰宁一反三帝摩引里儞四莎诃" from the *Mahavairocana Abhisambodhi Tantra*
* 拼音xiě。佛经咒语用字
(translated) Used in Buddhist mantras
* 拼音yuān。中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 见"妫"
name of a river in Shanxi; crafty
* 拼音yìn〈 方〉。 * 量(liáng)。 例：量米一斤。 量布两尺。 * 浇( 水或肥）
(translated) measure; irrigate
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音jiǎn。砍伐
(translated) to chop down; to fell
* 拼音jiāo。同"𣻏"。《名義》：" 澆，公堯反。～， 或
(translated) Same as "𣻏"
* 拼音fú。水名， 在今湖南省
(translated) name of a river, located in present-day Hunan province
* 食物烧煮到可吃的程度。 饭～了。 * 植物的果实或种子长成，又特指庄稼可收割或有收成。 成～。瓜～蒂落。 * 程度深。 ～睡。～思（经久而周密地思考）。深思～虑。 * 做某种工作时间长了，精通而有经验。 ～练。娴～。～习。～能生巧。 * 习惯，常见，知道清楚。 ～人。～悉。～记（强记）。轻车～路。 * 经过加工炼制的。 ～铁。～皮子。～石膏。～石灰
well-cooked; ripe; familiar with
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 读音ほう 义未详
(translated) Pronounced hou; Meaning unknown
* 拼音wěi。口角歪斜
(translated) crooked mouth corner
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 鱼名。 * 소곤(鯀)。 * 人名。坂 昌廣(아지사카 마사히로)
(translated) Fish name; Korean "so gon" (鯀); Person"s name: Saka Masahiro ("aji saka ma sa hi ro")
* 读音vảy 鳞片
(translated) pronunciation vảy; scales
* 鸟名，冕柳莺的旧称。又为莺科某些鸟的旧称，如褐头鹪莺旧称为"竿鴓"，斑鸫为"红麦鴓"，蚁鴷为"地啄鴓"，树鹨为"树鲁鴓"
(translated) bird name, formerly an old name for the Willow Warbler; also an old name for some birds of Sylviidae, such as the Dusky Warbler formerly known as "Gān què", the Dusky Thrush as "Hóng mài què", the Eurasian Wryneck as "Dì zhuó què", and the Tree Pipit as "Shù lǔ què"
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 见"鸻"
(translated) See 鸻
* 同"梟"。不孝鸟
(translated) Same as "梟"; unfilial bird
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 〔～鶄（ jīng ）〕一种水鸟，即"赤头鹭"。嘴长，脚高，体长约五十厘米。入夏，雄的头、颈及羽冠呈栗红色。分布于中国南方及印度等地
the fishing cormorant
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 白颈鸻（日本汉字）
(translated) white-necked plover; Japanese Kanji
* 拼音cì。猫头鹰一类的鸟
an owl-like bird
* 拼音huī。一种鸟
(translated) a kind of bird
* 同"鵁"
(translated) same as 鵁
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 读音hangh。 * [䲸～] 项鸡（未生过蛋的母鸡）。 * 量词， 只（项鸡）
(translated) Pullet; measure word, unit "只" (zhī), for pullets
* 拼音hāng。黑貌
(translated) black appearance; black looks
* 拼音shù。黑
(translated) black
* 同"黕"
(translated) Same as "黕"
* 拼音wán
(translated) Pinyin: wán
* 拼音yǎo
(translated) Pinyin: yǎo
* 见"𪐢"
(translated) See "𪐢"
* 拼音zhē。[吱～] 喘息的样子
(translated) panting
* 倚；靠着。 * 依託；依仗。 * 佔據。宋葉適 * 怒；憤懣。 * 滿；滿足。 * 大；盛。 * 憑據；證書。 * 依照；作為依據。宋蘇軾 * 請求；煩勞。唐杜牧 * 任；隨。 * 厚。 * 同"馮"。無舟過河，徒涉。北魏楊衒之 * 姓
lean on, depend on, rely on
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音chuáng。俗"幢"。《可洪音義》：" 見～：宅江反。 正作憧也。悮。 前例頭作舉身見憧也。"
(translated) vulgar form of "幢"
* 执，持取。 * 揉搓；搓捻。 * 弹琵琶的一种指法。 * 接续；系。 * 蹂，践踏："前后不相～，左右不相干"。 * 撵，驱逐。 * 紧
twirl in fingers, tease, toy with
* 执，持取。 * 揉搓；搓捻。 * 弹琵琶的一种指法。 * 接续；系。 * 蹂，践踏："前后不相～，左右不相干"。 * 撵，驱逐。 * 紧
twirl in fingers, tease, toy with
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
huī:* 分裂；剖开。 * 挥；挥散。 * 指挥。 * 挥动。 * 挥手呵斥或挥手示退。 * 谦抑。 wéi:* 辅佐
wave, brandish; modest, humble
shī:* 同"溼"。 * 〔濕濕〕➊牲畜耳朵摇动貌。 tà:* 古水名。古代黄河下游主要支流之一，在今山东省境内。后作"漯"。 * 〔濕陰〕➊汉侯国名。 xí:* 同"隰"。低湿的地方。 * 同"隰"。古人名用字
wet, moist, humid, damp; an illness
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音hóng。《碑別字》："～， 鴻晉《范式碑》。"
(translated) Pronounced hóng; According to 《Stele Variant Characters》, refers to the character found in Hong Jin 《Fan Shi Stele》
* 同"炒"
(translated) Same as "炒"
* 同"（炒）"
(translated) Same as "炒"
* 中国人名用字
(translated) Character used in Chinese person names
* 拼音huī。[獏～] 古代传说中的一种野兽，似人， 手象虎爪，吃人脑
a kind of beast, a legendary monster
* 读音vè 义未详
(translated) Meaning unknown
* 同"窖"
(translated) Same as "窖"
* 速
(translated) speed
* 佛教咒语用字。 * 《釋摩訶衍論》
(translated) Used in Buddhist mantras; from 《Śrī Mahāyāna Sūtra》
* 〔～鸪〕鸟，背部和腹部黑白两色相杂，雄的有翅，雌的无翅。吃昆虫、蚯蚓、植物的种子。栖息于生有灌丛和疏树的山地
partridge
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音jiān
(translated) Pronunciation is jiān
* 拼音yù。黑貌
(translated) black appearance
* 同"默"
(translated) Same as "默"
* 同"汽"。 * 拼音qì
(translated) Same as "汽"
* 见"热"
hot; heat; fever; restless; zeal
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音wěi。笋皮
(corrupted form) skin of bamboo shoots, bark of bamboo
* 同"逶"
(translated) Same as 逶
* 拼音huī。淡黑浅色
(translated) Light black; pale color
* "焘"的繁体字。 * 普照天下。 * 覆蓋。同"幬"
shine, illuminate; cover, envelope
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音pēng。炼金
to smelt; to refine the gold; alchemy
wú:* 没有，跟"有"相对。 * 哲学概念。指无形、无名、虚无等，或指物质的隐微状态。 * 间隙。 * 非，不是。 * 荒芜。后作"蕪"。 * 代词。表示不定指的人、事物、时间、处所等，相当于"没有哪个"、"没有法子"。如：无可奈何。 * 副词。➊表示否定。➀相当于"不"。 * 连词。➊表示条件关系，相当于"无论"、"不论"。 * 助词。用于句首。 * "毋"。副词。不要。 * 通"幠（ hū ）"。覆盖。 * 姓。 mó:* 〔南無〕见"南"
negative, no, not; lack, have no
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names