* 拼音xīn。[～鹯] 一种小鸟
(translated) a kind of small bird
Structure 勹 | HanziFinder
1550 
勹 * 同"鹤"
(translated) Same as "鹤" (hè); crane
* 拼音qì。水貌
(translated) appearance of water; state of water
* 同"炒"
(translated) Same as "炒"
shuò:* 惊惧。 xī:* 古同"猎"，猎猎，古代传说中的一种像熊的野兽
(translated) shuò: frightened; alarmed; xī: ancient form of "猎" (liè), a legendary bear-like animal
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 痒
(translated) itchy
* 拼音diào。一种草
name of a variety of grass
* 同"谤"
(translated) slander
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"寫"
(translated) same as "寫"
* 拼音xiè。古代写字用的一种竹简
slips of bamboo provided for writing in ancient times
* 同"䎕"
(translated) Same as the character "䎕"
* （在人名中亦读ｊūｎ ㄐㄩㄣˉ）金子
gold; character used in personal name
* 同"锔"
(translated) same as "mend"
* 同"凤"
Semantic variant of 鳳: male phoenix; symbol of joy
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 傾瀉，水往下急流。 * 傾注；傾倒。 * 消散；排泄。 * 抒發；表露。明李開先 * 鑒形。 * 通"潟"。鹽鹼地
drain off, leak; flow, pour down
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"芻"
to cut grass; hay
* 拼音zhuó。风鼠， 古书上记载的一种鼠，能飞， 并能吃虎豹
a squirrel-like animal, a flying squirrel, a rat-like animal; much smaller
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 忧，发愁之意
(translated) to worry; to be anxious
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* "夥" 的讹字
(translated) corrupted form of "夥"
* 《奚韻》烏合切 * 〔～芻（ chú ）〕不奢侈
(translated) Not extravagant; as in "～芻 (chú)"
* gòu ㄍㄡˋ 雉鸡叫："雉之朝～，尚求其雌"
the crow of a male pheasant
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音è。古代妇女发髻上像花一样的饰物
hair ornaments used in old time
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
bèi:* 齐备。后作"備"。 fú:* 同"箙"。盛箭的器具。王国维 * 通"副（ pì ）"。剖牲以祭。于省吾
(translated) complete; all prepared. Later, same as "備"; same as "箙" (receptacle for arrows); interchangeable with "副 (pì)" (to dissect sacrificial animal for sacrifice)
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"瞎"
(translated) Same as blind
* 同"轰"
(translated) Same as "轰"
* 拼音fú。中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 马缰绳："马则执～。"
bridle
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"绥"。 * 拼音suī
(translated) Same as "绥"
* 同"茕"。孤独
(translated) same as "茕", meaning lonely
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"姰"
(translated) same as "姰"
* 拼音yì。胸骨
(translated) sternum
* 拼音xié。同"𡸔"。姓
(translated) Same as "𡸔"; Surname
* 同"䐢"
(translated) Same as "䐢";
* 同"𣎅"
(translated) Same as "𣎅"
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 同"葋"
(translated) Same as "葋"
* 同"狗"
(translated) Same as "狗"
* 同"𥭖"
(translated) Same as "𥭖"
* 同"𦃫" "絢"
(translated) Same as "𦃫" "絢"
* 拼音páo。乐名
(translated) Name of a musical instrument
* 拼音huān。[～兜] 同"驩兜"， 尧时四凶之一
(translated) Same as 驩兜, one of the "Four Fiends" from the time of Yao
* 使人警醒，不犯过错。 ～戒。～省（ xǐng ）（使人觉悟、反省）。惩一～百。以～效尤。 * 古同"警"，警报
warn; warning
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
fù:* 重复。后作"複"、"復"。 pú:* 〔匐〕又作"匍匐"。爬行
(translated) repeat; later form of "複", "復"; crawl; also written as "匍匐"
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音páo。中国人名用字
(translated) Used for Chinese given names
* 同"復"
Semantic variant of 復: return; repeat; repeatedly
* "𣂰" 的日本俗字
(translated) Japanese non-classical form of "𣂰"
* 《孔雀经音义》: 矣我师高明春秋～盛亲承示诲诚无所误阿难默然退而叹曰我
(translated) flourishing
* 同"朅"
(translated) Same as "朅"
qiè:* 离去；去："富贵弗就，贫贱弗～。" * 勇武，壮健："庶士有～。" * 句首助词："疑是花神，～来人世。" hé:* 古通"曷"，何："～徘徊而近游？"
brave
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 人名用字
(translated) Used in personal names
* 古同"筍"
(translated) Ancient form of "筍"; Same as "筍" in ancient times
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"菢"
(translated) Same as "菢"
* 中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 澳门人名用字。（ 见教青局）
(translated) Used in personal names in Macau; as per the Education and Youth Development Bureau
* 中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 拼音xún。大木， 可做锄柄
(translated) Large timber; usable as hoe handle
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"欼"
(translated) Same as "欼"
* 同"牓"
(translated) same as 牓
* 拼音yì。办事不成功而心情急迫
(translated) Feeling impatient and anxious due to unsuccessful endeavors
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"羝"
(translated) same as "羝"
* 同"询"
(translated) Same as "询"
* "㑇" 的繁体。 * 拼音zhòu。 * 乖巧， 漂亮。 * （性情） 凶狠暴戾
(same as 媰) pregnant (妊娠, 妊身); cruel; pretty, cute, clever, ingenious, smart; to be hired; (used for 謅) to jest, to chaff, to bawl, mean person (as opposed to real gentleman)
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音fēn、fèn。中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 大呼用力
(translated) bellow with force
* 《可洪音義》："恠：上音京。 恐也。"正作"惊"。 * 人名。 来源资料：《中国大百科全书· 军事卷Ⅱ》页1323
(translated) Fear; Person"s name
* 同"挥"
Semantic variant of 揮: direct; wipe away; squander
* 读音páo。 * 冀鲁官话。 挖
(translated) dig
* 同"溺"
(translated) Same as "溺"
* 拼音xī。同"猎"。传说中的一种像熊的野兽
(translated) same as 猎; a legendary bear-like beast
* 同"脑"。 见《 放光般若经》
(translated) Same as "脑"; Same as brain
* 拼音xǔ 中国人名用字
(translated) Pinyin xǔ; Chinese given name character
* 同"鞨"
(translated) Same as "鞨"
* 拼音diào。中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 拼音qì。恐惧
(translated) fear
* 拼音gé。 * 水名。 * 见"㶀"
name of a river, clear, pure; to cover; to hide
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音yuè。 * 白色的缟。 * 练
plain white silk, to soften and whiten raw silk by boiling
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 繩索
to braid, twist; twisted or braided
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音yì。 * 同"𤣨"。 * 急。 * 不成
quick, urgent, anxious, not going to succeed, poor quality of silk fabrics
* 中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 拼音táo 中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 拼音dú。 * 盖。 * 微。 * 清
to cover; to put a cover over something, small, low, weak, pure; clean; clear
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"齣"
(translated) same as "齣"
* 心迫。 * 固执；倔强；凶狠
obstinate; stubborn; opinionated; obstinacy; stubbornness; intransigent, truculent; savage, ferocious; fierce
* 同"愒"。贪
(translated) Same as "愒"; greedy
* 拼音jú。人名用字
(translated) Used in personal names
* "搊" 的讹字或"縐" 的讹字。 * 中国人名用字
(translated) corrupted form of "搊" or corrupted form of "縐"; used in Chinese personal names
* 同"渴"
(same as 渴) thirsty, to thirst, urgent; anxiously (awaiting, etc.), (interchangeable 愒) to rest; to stop, to idle away (time)
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 狂病。 * 小儿病
(translated) madness; children"s disease
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音pào。在器物上涂腻子， 干后打磨平再上漆
to lacquer some kind of ashes on wooden articles or furniture, after drying out, smooth them and then paint, black lacquer
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音diào。竹名
(translated) a type of bamboo
* 〔铿（ kēng ）～〕象声词，钟鼓等乐器齐作的声音，如"钟鼓～～"。单用义同，如："鸿钟～。"
(translated) onomatopoeia, describing the sound of bells and drums played together, as in "钟鼓铿鍧"; same meaning when used alone, e.g., "鸿钟鍧"
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音báo。水激
(said of flow of water) swift and torrential; turbulent flow of water
* 同"犓"
(translated) Same as "犓"
* 拼音báo 中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese given names
* 中国四川省的别称。 ～本（宋代在四川刻印的书籍）。～客（旅游蜀地的人）。～椒。～绣（四川出产的刺绣）。～锦。得陇望～。 * 中国朝代名。 ～汉。 * 中国周代诸侯国名，在今四川省成都市一带
name of an ancient state
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 读音gaeu 角
(translated) Pronounced "gaeu", meaning "horn"
* "䡘" 的类推简化字
(translated) Analogously simplified form of "䡘"
* 同"酗"
(same as 酗) drunk; to lose temper when drunk
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"匔（ qióng ）"，义同"鞠躬"，"尊敬"
(translated) same as "匔"; bowing; respect
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 读音bâu 义未详
(translated) Pronounced bâu; meaning unknown
* 同"胸"
(translated) Same as "胸"
* 同"酗"
(translated) Same as "酗"