復
Definition
* 還，返回。 * 恢復；康復。 * 報復。 * 報答。 * 告訴；回答；回覆。 * 抵償；償還。 * 實踐；履行。 * 事畢。 * 遏止。 * 免除（徭役或賦稅）。 * 寬宥；優待。 * 安寧；安撫。 * 古稱人死後招其魂歸來。 * 六十四卦之一，卦形為䷗，震下坤上。 * 副詞。➊表示重複或繼續，相當於"再"。 * 連詞。表示並列關係。相當於"又"、"與"。唐王維 * 助詞。起補充或調節音節作用。 * 通"複"。➊雙重；夾層。如：复姓；复線。 * 通"覆"。➊覆蓋。 * 通"腹"。➊肚子。 * 通"𥨍"。地室。 * 古州名。➊治今湖北省仙桃市西。 * 姓
return; repeat; repeatedly
Structure
Related substructures
Precursors
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->