* 天～ 珍庋。銘肝泣血。 炳乎燎乎
(translated) Heavenly treasure; Deeply grateful, remembering with tears of blood; Bright and blazing
Structure 忄 | HanziFinder
1519 
忄 Related structures
* 拼音mì。中国人名用字
(translated) Used for Chinese personal names
kuī:* 嘲笑，诙谐："～穆公于宫室"。 lǐ:* 忧愁："云如何～"
to laugh at to pity; afflicted, sad
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 果敢："风俗以韰～为嫿，人物以戕害为艺。"
(translated) resolute; bold
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 单，只。 ～独。～一。～有。～恐。～命是从。～我独尊。 * 但是。 雨虽止，～路仍甚泥泞。 * 文言助词，常用于句首。 ～妙～肖。～二月既望。 * 想，思考。 思～（亦作"思维"）。～度（ dù ）（思量，揣度）
but, however, nevertheless; only
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 敬爱哥哥，引申为顺从长（ zhǎng ）上。 孝～
brotherly, respectful
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音chè。 * 心动貌。 * 休
to move the mind; agitated; nervous; to start thinking, to rest; to cease, intelligent, strange; uncanny, light aspirations or ambitions for
hūn:* 古同"昏"，迷乱；糊涂："心以利倾，智以势～。" mèn:* 古通"闷"，郁闷："上为天子而不骄，下为匹夫而不～。"
confused, stupid, dull, senile
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 读音vui 高兴，兴奋， 愉快
(translated) happy; excited; joyful
* 同"遁"
(translated) Same as escape
* 同"𣎄"
(translated) Same as "𣎄"
* 同"𦝂"
(translated) Same as "𦝂"
* 《密呪圆因往生集》: 灭斡浪鸡矴～缬引溺实提二合怛遏
(translated) Interchangeable with "矴"
* 同"𠴐"
Same as "𠴐"
* 同"惎"
(same as 惎) to bear jealous hatred for; to hate; to hold a grudge against, to injure atrociously; to murder
* 拼音yù。心动
to move the mind; agitated; nervous; to start thinking
* "懠" 的日本简体字。见《 日本常用字表》
(translated) Japanese simplified form of "懠"
* 领会。 ～悟（同"醒悟"）。 * 清醒。 ～～。～忪。假～～。～～惜～～（聪明人爱重聪明人）
intelligent, clever, astute
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 固执任性。 ～谏。刚～自用
obstinate, stubborn, headstrong
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音juān。心急
(translated) impatient
* 见"怆"
sad, broken-hearted, disconsolate
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音sāo。忧愁
mournful; melancholy; distressed; grieved; sad
* 拼音xiào（ 音孝）[～悌] 同"孝悌"， 广东省南雄县曾有地名"～悌上街"、"～ 悌中街"、"～悌正街"。 来源：南雄县志
(translated) same as "孝悌", filial piety and fraternal duty
* 《溪岚拾叶集》: 归冥途时犹如梦～乎适到阎罗宫见别座在地藏菩萨乃告曰汝
(translated) dreamlike
* 拼音xiáo。吝啬
(translated) stingy
* 拼音fáng。中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 恐惧，害怕："长驱勿骄矜。小踠亦勿～。" * 盈余。 * 安
(translated) fear; surplus; peaceful
sāi:* 意不合。 sī:* 古同"偲"。 sǐ:* 谦和
hesitant; modest
* 同"度"。 * 拼音duó。 * 揣度
to estimate, calculate
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音xié。人名。 清·黄锺骏《 畴人传四编》："余， 银邑人也。"
(translated) Personal name
cǎo:* 〔～～〕忧虑不安。 sāo:* 同"慅"，骚动。 sào:* 贪图
anxious, apprehensive
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音kuài。 * 有机物命名用字。 比如。 * [异～]9,10- 苯并菲 isochrysene。 * [5-硝～]5- 硝-1,2,4-三甲苯 5-nitropseudocumene。 * [假～]1,2,4- 三甲苯 pseudocumene。 * [假～ 酚]2,4,5-三甲苯酚 pseudocumenol
(translated) Character used in organic compound naming, such as in isochrysene (异𬜴); 5-nitropseudocumene (5-硝𬜴); pseudocumene (假𬜴); pseudocumenol (假𬜴酚)
* 同"寤"。 见《 大宝积经》
(translated) Same as "寤", meaning "wake up"; "awaken"
* 羞愧。 ～愧。羞～。～色。～惧。～怍。～赧。～颜。自～形秽
ashamed, humiliated; shameful
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"懦"
timid, apprehensive
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"𢜵"
(translated) Same as "𢜵"
* 心不安
(translated) uneasy
* 同"霿"
(translated) same as "霿"
* 古同"嫉"
(translated) Same as "嫉" in ancient times
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"㥛"
(translated) Same as "㥛"
* 拼音chài。 * 佛经咒语用字。 * 拼音chā、chà、chāi、chài、cī、cuō。 * 中国人名用字
(translated) Pronounced as chài; Used in Buddhist mantras; Pronounced as chā, chà, chāi, chài, cī, cuō; Used in Chinese personal names
* 拼音jǔ。中国人名用字
(translated) Character for Chinese personal names
* 引急。 * 古通"亘"
Alternate form of 揯: (Cant.) tight, distended
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 读音vai 藤条
(translated) rattan
* 同"恊"
(translated) Same as 恊
jiè:* 褊急。 * 衰老。 * 古同"戒"，警戒。 * 急速。 kè:* 骇而自专
to enjoin upon; urgent
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"笨"
(translated) Same as "stupid"
* 同"懩"
(translated) joy; pleased
* 读音tẻ 义未详
(translated) Pronounced as tẻ; meaning unknown
* 〔～～〕忠厚诚实的样子。 * 仓猝，急忙："越王～然避位"
sincere, earnest
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音nì。惭愧
mortified; ashamed
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 《中华字海》 同"儚" 不妥，改为"懜"的类推简化字
(translated) Initially considered same as "儚" in 《中华字海》, but deemed incorrect and corrected to be an analogical simplified form of "懜"
* 醒悟。 ～悟。～然（醒悟的样子）
rouse, awaken; become conscious
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 读音rẩy 颤抖
(translated) Tremble;
* 同"𢞗"
(translated) same as "𢞗"
* 同"惰"
Semantic variant of 惰: indolent, careless, lazy, idle
* đùa开玩笑
(translated) to joke; to make fun of
* 同"惃"
(translated) Same as "惃"
* 拼音cháng。中国人名用字
(translated) Pronunciation cháng; Used in Chinese personal names
* 奸邪
to flatter; crafty, having a specious tongue
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"𠛣"
(translated) Same as "𠛣"
* 韩国古籍用字
(translated) Character used in Korean ancient texts
* 韩国古籍用字
(translated) Character used in ancient Korean texts
* 奴粥馬未豆。 驅使頗懷～。迢迢三百里。 狼藉秋陰積
(translated) to drive or urge with reluctance; distant journey; accumulation of disorder and gloom
* 同"辱"
(translated) Same as disgrace; humiliation
* 同"𥇇"
(translated) Same as "𥇇"
* 畏惧
be afraid of, to be in awe of
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 读音yienq。 * 悔， 悔恨。 * 怨， 埋怨
(translated) regret; remorse; resent; complain
* 读音nhang， 纠缠不清
(translated) entangled; muddled; confused
* 〔～（ xiǎng ）〕乖戾
(translated) perverse
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"恐"
(translated) Same as "恐"
* 狠，惡毒。 ～毒。～刻。～虐。～烈。～無人道。 * 可悲傷，使人難受。 悽～。悲～。～淡。～劇。～案。～景。～象。～不忍睹。～絕人寰。 * 程度嚴重。 ～重（ zhòng ）。～敗
sad, pitiful, wretched; cruel
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音lǜ。忧闷
(translated) melancholy; depressed; gloomy
* 拼音cǎn。同"慘"。見《 異體字字典》
(translated) same as 慘
* 拼音yì。 * 习。 * 明
(translated) practice; bright
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音gěng。恨
(translated) hate
* 愚蠢的样子
(translated) foolish look; appearance of foolishness
* 怒，怨恨。 ～色。～容。～怒。～恼。人不知，而不～
angry
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 雖曰稽～, 亦豈至如是乎,自廟堂發關地部劃給
(translated) related to investigation and delay
* 拼音bāi。[～恂] 自容人
(translated) [~xún] a self-effacing person
* 拼音qì。忧思
(translated) anxious thought
* 喜悦
(translated) joy
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"㥆"
(translated) Same as "㥆"
* 拼音jù。骄
(translated) arrogant; haughty; proud
* 同"𤷪"
(Cant.) annoyed, impatient, restless; same as "𤷪"
* 拼音xié。《集韻》："～， 徐嗟切。心不直。"
(translated) dishonest; insincere
* 同"惚"
(translated) same as 惚
* 同"愠"
angry, indignant, resentful
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"𬻏"
(translated) same as "𬻏"
lǔn:* 想要知道某事。 * 思。 lùn:* 愤懑
(translated) want to know something; thought; indignant
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 外界事物所引起的喜、怒、爱、憎、哀、惧等心理状态。 感～。～绪。～怀。～操。～谊。～义。～致。～趣。～韵。性～。～愫（真情实意）。～投意合。～景交融。 * 专指男女相爱的心理状态及有关的事物。 爱～。～人。～书。～侣。～诗。殉～。～窦初开（形容少女初懂爱情）。 * 对异性的欲望，性欲。 ～欲。发～期。 * 私意。 ～面。说～。 * 状况。 实～。事～。国～。～形。～势。～节
feeling, sentiment, emotion
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 〔～惼（ biǎn ）〕心胸狭窄
(translated) narrow-minded;
* 同"谞"
(translated) Same as "谞"
* "懢" 的类推简化字
(translated) Analogy-based simplified form of "懢"
* 〔～恅（ lǎo ）〕ａ．寂静，如"～～澜漫，亡耦失畴。"ｂ．心乱
(translated) a. quiet, still; b. disordered mind
cǎo:* 忧愁："劳心～兮。" * 古通"草"："治古无肉刑而有象刑，墨黥，～婴（用草绳系在颈上）。" sāo:* 古通"骚"，骚动。 * 起。 * 恐惧
agitated
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音gèng。月去
(translated) to remove
* 同"寤"
(translated) Same as "寤"
* 懒，懈怠，与"勤"相对。 懒～。怠～。～性。～慢。将骄卒～
indolent, careless, lazy, idle
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 沒有兄弟的人。引申為孤獨無依的人。 * 孤獨。 * 憂愁。見"惸惸"。孟郊
troubled, worried, distressed
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"喐咿"。 内心悲伤。 * 《经律异相》: 命乃値此殃涕泣～事不得已俛仰放捨悉
(translated) Same as 喐咿; inner sorrow