* 拼音shè。[宜～] 一个神仙的名字
(translated) name of a deity; in [宜～]
Structure 林 | HanziFinder
1077 
林 * 地名参加简体
(translated) Simplified form used in place names
* 粤语wāa
(translated) Cantonese pronunciation is wāa
* 同"嬷"
(translated) same as "嬷"
* 茂盛；茂密。后作"蕪"。 * 没有。后作"無"
(translated) Lush; Dense. Later written as "蕪"; Absence. Later written as "無"
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音zhù。 * 行不正。 * 马蹄通病
(translated) improper conduct; common disease of horse hooves
* 拼音sěn。[䫖～] 懦弱的样子
(translated) cowardly appearance; timid look
* 《妙法莲华经玄賛》: 病作～都无磨作摩音
(translated) describing the absence of the sound of grinding "mo" when illness occurs
* 同"靡"
(translated) Same as 靡
* 同"摩"。 隋炀帝杨广的小名。《 佛祖历代通载》:炀帝广小字阿～ 高祖次子簒立于仁寿宫初登有政治民后幸
(translated) Same as "摩"; childhood name of Emperor Yang of Sui (Yang Guang)
* 同"舜"。中国人名用字
(translated) Same as "舜"; Used in Chinese given names
* 〔～〕古书上说的一种草。 * 〔萝～科〕萝藦科（学名。 Asclepiadaceae）双子叶植物纲，木本，草本，具乳汁
edible mushrooms
* 拼音mó。[独～] 又作"笃磨"、" 突磨"，徘徊
(translated) to wander; also written as "篤磨", "突磨"; used alone
* 同"农"
Semantic variant of 農: agriculture, farming; farmer
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"𪎨"
Abutilon, grassy plant with fibres from which cloth is made
* 拼音tóu。 * 白麻， 俗称"苘麻" * 麻一絜
(translated) pronounced "tóu"; white jute, commonly known as "qǐngmá"; unit of hemp fiber, "jié"
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 切削。 * 砺；磨："砥石～厉，欲求铦也。" * 摩："君曾西迁为拓本，濡麝割蜜亲～揩。" * 迫近；逼近："气～屈贾垒，日短曹刘墙。" * 规劝；直言劝谏："贾山自下～上。" * 切磋："田子与之游，用诗文学艺相切～。"
make into mince
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音fán。一种草
(translated) a kind of grass
mí:* 散。 mó:* 心病
(translated) scattered; worry
* 水流动的样子
(translated) appearance of water flowing
* 读音phèn [ 糖～]冰糖
(translated) Rock sugar
* 中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 拼音miè
(translated) Pinyin: miè
* 同"雳"
(translated) same as "雳"
* 拼音fán。中国人名用字
(translated) Pronunciation: fán; Used in Chinese personal names
* 拼音kù。中国人名用字
(translated) Pinyin kù; used in Chinese given names
* 同"麓"
(translated) same as 麓
* 拼音má。鸡名
(translated) chicken name
* 同"䵇"
(translated) same as "䵇"
* 同"無"
Semantic variant of 無: negative, no, not; lack, have no
* 拼音hāng。[～㾿] 病危者喉中发出的痰吼声
(translated) The rattling sound of phlegm in the throat of a critically ill patient
mó:* 〔〕也作"饃饃"。一种面食品。方外山人 * 食。 * 哺小儿。 * 饭涌出者。 mí:* 同"糜"。稠粥
(translated) also written as "饃饃"; a kind of wheat food; Fangwai Shanren * eat; to feed a baby; rice overflowing; same as "糜"; thick porridge
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 疑同"𣛾"，又疑同"𣓕"。"𣛾" "𣓕"读音相近， 疑互同
(translated) Possibly the same as "𣛾"; Also possibly the same as "𣓕". The pronunciations of "𣛾" and "𣓕" are similar, suggesting they might be interchangeable
* 同"爨"。中国人名用字
(translated) Same as "爨"; Used in Chinese given names
* 疑同"靡"。 * 拼音mí。 * 中国人名用字
(translated) Suspected to be the same as "靡"; Used in Chinese personal names
* 同"摩"
(translated) Same as "摩"
* 拼音qīn 中国人名用字
(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
* 同"攀"
(translated) same as 攀
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"鬱"
(translated) Same as "鬱"
* 同"噤"
weak and dull, to gnash the teeth (in anger or hatred)
* 拼音mǔ。麻～
(translated) hemp
* "齼" 的简体字。 * 拼音chǔ。 * 牙齿接触酸味时的感觉：" 瓠犀微～远山颦。"
(translated) simplified form of "齼"; the sensation when teeth touch sour taste
* 粤语có
(translated) Cantonese pronunciation có
* 同"鬲"
(translated) Same as "鬲"
* 同"糜"。 * 拼音méi
(translated) Same as "糜"
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音má。穄， 即糜子
(translated) broomcorn millet, also known as 穄
* 古同"靡"，烂；碎："旋入雷渊，～散而不可止些。" * 碎屑
Acquired from 㸏: (same as 㸏) cooked or well-done; cooked soft, (interchangeable 糜) mashed
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 同"鑹"
(translated) Same as the character "鑹"
* 读音mắm 虾酱，鱼虾酱
(translated) shrimp paste; fish and shrimp paste
* 拼音xī
(translated) pronounced as xī
* 同"囿"
(translated) same as "囿"
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音lán。[～䫮] 俯首的样子
(translated) bowing appearance
* 拼音fán。美目
(translated) beautiful eyes
* 金文隶定字。 字见《殷周金文集成引得》648 頁。金文原形字出自《 殷周金文集成》第10261 器銘文中
(translated) Clerical form of Jinwen character; found in "Yin Zhou Jinwen Jicheng Index", p. 648; original Jinwen form from inscription No. 10261 in "Yin Zhou Jinwen Jicheng"
* 同"鬱"。中国人名用字
(translated) Same as "鬱"; Used in Chinese personal names
* 拼音mó。[独～] 又作"独磨"， 徘徊
(translated) also written as "独磨", to wander; to pace back and forth; to hesitate
* 古同"摩"
to touch, feel with the hand
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 用荆条等编成的一种农具，功用和耙相似。亦称"耢"
a kind of farm tool
* 拼音mǐ。[迤～] 又作"逸靡"、" 迆靡"：绵延不断
a little slanted; smooth, name of a mountain
* 同"历"
Semantic variant of 歷: take place, past, history
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 抓住东西向上爬。 ～登。～高。～越。～桂（古代指科举考试登第）。～折（ zhé ）。～附。～援。 * 拉扯，拉拢，结交。 ～交。～扯。～谈。～亲
climb; pull; hang on to
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"鬱"。中国人名用字
(translated) Same as "鬱"; Used in Chinese given names
* 拼音yàn。义未详
(translated) Meaning unknown
* 拼音má。 * 大雁。 * 麻雀
the wild goose, sparrow; the house-sparrow
* 拼音má。 * 大雁。 * 麻雀
the wild goose, sparrow; the house-sparrow
* 未經練治的麻縷。 * 未績的麻。 * 生絲
unspun/raw hemp/silk
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音mí。[荼～] 木香,一种落叶小灌木
a kind of plant; putchuck, the root of a species of thistle found in Cashmere; roseleaf raspberry (Rubus rosaefolius var. Coronarius)
* 同"林"
(translated) Same as "林"
* 见"䫶"
(translated) See "䫶"
* 人名用字。 朴(박미)
(translated) Used in personal names; e.g., 朴 (Bakmi)
* 同"爢"
(same as 爢) cooked or well-done; cooked soft, (interchangeable 糜) mashed
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"無"。 * 古同"蕪"
without, apart from, none; a negative
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音mǒ。 * [～] 也作"懡㦬"。 * 脸色青。 * 惭愧
a green face; to look aghast, (interchangeable with U+61E1 懡) ashamed
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 麻秆
(translated) hemp stalk; shive
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音lián。功勤之称
(translated) Term for meritorious diligence
* 读音ma。 魚名，～魚也。 藍點鮁，鲅魚， 燕魚
(translated) Read as ma; fish name, such as blue-spotted mackerel, Spanish mackerel, and swallowtail seaperch
* 山脚下。 山～。华山北～。 * 古代掌管苑囿的官吏
foot of hill; foothill
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 读音geux 咬，嚼
(translated) bite; chew
* 读音péng。 * 地名用字。 浙江省有"竹～ 头"
(translated) Pronounced péng; Used in place names
* 疑同"𦇕"
(translated) Same as "𦇕"
* 字见《 涅槃玄義發源機要》
(translated) Found in 《Nirvana Profound Meaning and Origin Key Essentials》
* 同"㠧"
(translated) Same as "㠧"
* 同"穈"
(translated) Same as "穈"
* 金文隶定字， 同"𣝅" "𣝆"。 人名用字
(translated) Standardized form in Jinwen script, same as "𣝅" "𣝆"; Used in personal names
* 同"潕"
(translated) Same as "潕"
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"襻"
(same as 襻) a loop for button
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"𨇻"
(translated) Same as "𨇻"
* 同"摩"
(translated) Same as "摩"
* 同"霰"
(translated) same as 霰; graupel
* 拼音shǎn。雨貌
(translated) rainy look
* 同"𣀧"
(translated) same as "𣀧"
* 拼音liǎn。美貌
nice and pretty
* 拼音chǐ。移蚕
(translated) to move silkworms
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"䗫"。蛤蟆
(translated) Same as "䗫"; toad
* 同"釅"
(translated) Same as "釅"
* 佛经音译用字。 摩也切
(translated) Character used in transliteration of Buddhist scriptures
* 同"鬱"。中国人名用字
(translated) Same as "鬱"; Used in Chinese personal names
* 同"黂"
(translated) same as "黂"
* 同"磨"
(a standard form of 磨) to grind, to rub, to sharpen
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 〔～芜〕古书上指芎䓖的苗
(translated) Míwú: in ancient texts, refers to the sprout of Ligusticum striatum
* 读音quắm，（bẻ～lại） 打破，弄破， 使破损
(translated) to break; to damage; to tear