中

參

Unicode: U+53C3

Pinyin: shēn cēn dēn sān cān

Definition

cān:* 加入在內。 ～加。～與。～政。～賽。～議。 * 相間，夾雜。 ～雜。～半。 * 檢驗，用其他有關材料來研究，考證某事物。 ～考。～照。～省（ xǐng ）（檢驗省察）。～看。～閱。～檢。 * 探究，領悟。 ～悟。～透。～破。～禪。 * 舊指下級進見上級。 ～見。～拜。 * 彈劾，向皇帝告狀。 ～奏。～劾。～革。 shēn:* 星名，二十八宿之一。 ～商（"參星"和"商星"，此出則彼沒，兩不相見；喻親友隔離不得相見或彼此對立不和睦）。～辰卯酉（"辰星"即商星，參星酉時現於西方，辰星卯時出於東方；喻互不相關或勢不兩立）。 * 中藥名。 人～。黨～。 cēn:* 〔～差（ cī ）〕長短不齊，如"～～不齊"、"～～錯落"。 sān:* 同"叄"，三的大寫

take part in, intervene; ginseng

Structure

參 graph

Related substructures

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Precursors

Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_EFDB32_EFDD32_EFE232_EFDC32_EFE332_EFDE32_EFE132_EFDF32_EFE032_EFE434_F50932_EFE5
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_EDD452_EDD552_EDCA52_EDCC52_EDCD56_EFD752_EDD152_EDD252_EDD356_EFE356_EFDC56_EFD856_EFD956_EFDA56_EFDB56_EFE456_EFE256_EFDD56_EFDE56_EFDF56_EFE056_EFE1
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E72271_E72571_E72471_E72371_E726
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E5AF27_53C3
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E72271_E72571_E72471_E72692_EE7B92_EE7C92_EE7D92_EE7E92_EE7F92_EE8092_EE8171_E72392_EE8292_EE8592_EE8692_EE8792_EE8492_EE8392_EE88
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E25983_E25A83_E25B83_E25C83_E25D83_E25E83_E25F83_E26083_E26183_E26283_E263

Last Modified: 2026-01-29 11:48 UTC