* 讀音すわ(suwa)《 五本対照改編節用集・伊京》" 太刀（たち）をと 抜く"と用いる。[ 解説]"ずば"と同じ
(translated) sharply; swiftly
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1132 
Related structures
* 读音daeq。 剃：～。 剃头
(translated) shave; haircut
sháo:* 树摇动的样子。 * 箭靶子。 shào:* 浴床："内中有竹～。～在内东北。"
(translated) sháo: appearance of a shaking tree; arrow target; shào: bath bed
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音bèn。 * 水声。 * 水出状
(translated) sound of water; the way water flows out
* 拼音sě。说话流利
(translated) speak fluently
* 拼音xiè。矛
(translated) spear
* 读音chém。（ 用刀、剑等） 刺
(translated) stab; pierce
* 梵文隶定字
(translated) standardized Chinese character for Sanskrit
* 金文隶定字， 同"昭"。 字見《殷周金文集成引得》1468 頁。 * 金文原形字 出自《殷周金文集成》 第158器銘文中
(translated) standardized form in bronze script, same as "昭"; original form in bronze script
* 甑
(translated) steamer
* 拼音pén 拨灰。吴语
(translated) stir ashes; Wu dialect
* 拼音fēn。蹶
(translated) stumble; trip
* 日光
(translated) sunlight
* 拼音róu。柔韧
(translated) supple; resilient
* 拼音là。[～䌈] 衣服破烂
(translated) tattered clothes
* 〔～蒯〕刺鲠，如"细故～～，奚足以疑。"亦称"袃芥"
(translated) thorn in the throat, prickle; annoyed, irritated
* 读音chéo 系上(头巾)， 交叉。[～] 斜纹布
(translated) tie (headscarf); cross; [character] twill
* 读音khít 紧
(translated) tight
* 同"砌"
(translated) to build
* 拼音qì。，《可洪音義》：" 石：七細反。 正作砌。"
(translated) to build with bricks or stones
* 读音rệu 咀嚼
(translated) to chew
* 读音faenz 砍
(translated) to chop; to cut
* 同"斫"
(translated) to chop; to hack
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
* 读音heh（ 慢慢地）割
(translated) to cut slowly
* 读音rẽ 划分，分裂
(translated) to divide; to split
* 捶打，特指把钉、橛等捶打到其他东西里面去。 在墙上～个钉子
(translated) to hammer; especially to drive nails, pegs, etc. into something
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 读音tan 化，融化
(translated) to melt
* 粤音jāi。 * 动词， 放置
(translated) to place
* 拼音liù。复习( 功课）
(translated) to review (lessons)
*𠉑～， 亦作"𢓵𢔲" 或"𢓵𢕍"。 𢓵𢕍，即宿留
(translated) to stay over
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
xì:* 换秧。 * 古同"禊"。 qiè:* 禾秆
(translated) to transplant rice seedlings; ancient form of "禊"; cereal stalk
* 拼音pén。[～鸠] 斑鸠
(translated) turtledove; turtledove
* 木分
(translated) type of wood
* 〔～〕言语不定
(translated) uncertain speech; wavering
* 《劝发菩提心集》: 不同国而行我乘～危事不可忍王当就死其王报言百死无恨信
(translated) urgent; indicating a dangerous matter that cannot be tolerated
* 拼音dūn。中国人名用字
(translated) used in Chinese personal names
* 《吽迦陀野仪轨》: 若二十一遍而母～怒眞言等念诵当行者已灌顶阿闍梨所受法
(translated) used with "mother" in "wrathful mantra" phrase; likely a specific term within a mantra
* 拼音què。空缺
(translated) vacancy
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音bō。"剥" 之异体。见" 元刊本《四声篇海． 刀部》"
(translated) variant form of "剥"
* 同"㓞"
(translated) variant of "㓞"
* 拼音jì。菜
(translated) vegetable
* 拼音bèn。 * 水声。 * 水出状
(translated) sound of water; the way water flows out
* 拼音qiè。跳的样子
(translated) way of jumping
* 读音dẫy 。 * [～] 除草。 * 耕地
(translated) weeding; cultivation
* 白色的公羊。 * 母羊
(translated) white ram; ewe
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 寡妇。 * 艳丽美好
(translated) widow; beautiful and radiant
* 拼音liù。酒名
(translated) wine name
* 拼音qiè。[活～ 头]丈夫还在而改嫁的妇女
(translated) woman who remarries while her husband is still alive
* 拼音nì。忧愁
(translated) worry; sorrow
* [皱] 同"皱瘤"《 经律异相》:"生类 睒睒面皱～"
(translated) wrinkled; same as "wrinkled nodule"
yà:* 〔～窳〕ａ．古代传说中吃人的怪兽，如"（少咸之山）有兽焉……名曰～～，其音如婴儿，是食人。"ｂ．残害，如"昔有强秦，封豕其土，～～其民。"ｃ．古国名。 yē:* 静
(translated) yà: in [窳窳], a man-eating monster in ancient legends, described as sounding like an infant and eating humans; to oppress; ancient country name; yē: quiet; still
* "齋"
(translated) 齋
* 古代盛饭的瓦器："饭于土～。" * 用同"馏"："风干日曝咸味加，始灌潮波～成卤。"
Acquired from 㙧: (same as 㙧) earthenware; a kind of rice container
* 〔～怒〕盛怒；暴怒，如"荃不察余之中情兮，反信谗而～～。" * 猛火煮饭
Acquired from 㸄: (same as 㸄) a raging fire
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
* 两角直立的牛
Acquired from 㸷: (same as 㸷) a kind of cattle with two horns straight up
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古代一种吹沙小鱼："悬渊沉之魦～。"
Acquired from 䱖: (same as 䱖) shark
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音liù。[祝～] 祈祷念咒以治病
Semantic variant of 䄂: (ancient form) to pray and to curse (the ways of treating a patient in ancient times)
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"似"
Semantic variant of 似: resemble, similar to; as if, seem
* 同"前"
Semantic variant of 前: in front, forward; preceding
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"从"
Semantic variant of 剝: peel, peel off, to shell, strip
* 同"勠"
Semantic variant of 勠: join forces, unite
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"吃"
Semantic variant of 喫: eat; drink; suffer, endure, bear
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"垠"
Semantic variant of 垠: boundary, bank of stream or river
* 同"嫩"
Semantic variant of 嫩: soft, tender, delicate; young
* 同"岳"
Semantic variant of 嶽: mountain peak, summit
* 同"我"
Semantic variant of 我: our, us, i, me, my, we
* 同"扠"。用拳击
Semantic variant of 扠: pick up with fork or pincers
* 同"断"
Semantic variant of 斷: sever, cut off; interrupt
* 同"死"
Semantic variant of 死: die; dead; death
* 同"徂"
Semantic variant of 殂: to die
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"涩"
Semantic variant of 澀: astringent; harsh; uneven, rough
* 同"班"
Semantic variant of 班: class, group, grade; squad; job
* 同"众"
Semantic variant of 眾: masses, people, multitude, crowd
* 同"箭"
Semantic variant of 箭: arrow; type of bamboo
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"纵"
Semantic variant of 縱: indulge in, give free reign to
* 古同"貂"："狐～裘千皮。"
Semantic variant of 貂: marten, sable, mink
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"贫"
Semantic variant of 貧: poor, impoverished, needy
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"齋"
Semantic variant of 齋: vegetarian diet; study; to fast, abstain
* 同"齏"
Semantic variant of 齏: break or smash into pieces, pulverize; hash
* 同"彝"
Yi (nationality); tripod, wine vessel; rule
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"彝"
Yi (nationality); tripod, wine vessel; rule
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 见"轫"
a block that keeps a wheel from moving
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 阻止车轮转动的木头，车开动时，则将其抽走。 发～（喻事业开始）。 * 柔弱，情怠。 * 古同"仞"
a block that keeps a wheel from moving
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 见"轫"
a block that keeps a wheel from moving
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 糊状物或胶状物由稠变稀。 糨糊～了。 * 〔渤～〕古代称东海的一部分，即"渤海"。 * 加水使糊状物或胶状物变稀。 粥太稠，加水～一～
a blocked stream; gulf
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 古同"浏"
a clear sound
* 同輩、同類的人。如："吾儕"﹑"同儕"。 * 齊同、相當。 * 使男女成為配偶
a company, companion; together
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 拼音chāo。凉风
a cool breeze; cold wind from the north; cold wind from the south-west
* 电功率"十分之一瓦"的旧书写形式
a decigram, one-tenth of a gram
* 同"剂"
a dose, prepared medicines or drugs, to prepare (medicines and drugs)
* 〔～豸〕古代传说中的异兽，能辨曲直，见有人争斗就用角去顶坏人
a fabulous monster
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 同"猰"
a fierce man-eating animal in legend
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
* 〔大～头〕地名，在中国浙江省。 * 水闸
a flood-gate, a water-gate
* 同"致"
a kind of farm tool used in ancient times
* 拼音è。见
a kind of fish; skin for making arms or weapons
* 拼音rèn。 * 见"朐"。 * 同"韧"。柔韧
a kind of insects; earthworm, durable; strong and soft; pliable yet tough
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
* 古书上说的一种树木，松樠，即松心木
a kind of oak
* 拼音jié。 * 镰刀的别名。 * 化学元素"镍"的旧译
a kind of sickle, chemical element; old translation of ( 鎳); Nickel Ni, to carve
* 拼音diāo。同"𣬸" * 读音sếu。 鹤
a kind of small bird, sound of birds, the feathered; birds
jī:* 白枣。 * 古书上说的一种树，木材用做大车轴。 jì:* 断木
a kind of tree suitable for use to make axles for large carts
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
xié:* 量物体的周围长度；也泛指衡量："度长～大。" * 古河名，古代中国黄河自孟津以北所分的九条支流之一。 jié:* 古同"洁"，干净。 * 廉洁。 * 明亮。 * 修整；修饰
a marking line; ascertain, assess; measure
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->