中

Structure 人 | HanziFinder

13242 szS3ldq5
人

Related structures

116 WLY6qQ8l 入
4211 d0tgYSkU 亻
401 𤆘
U+24198 fán

* 金文隶定字。 同""

(translated) Standardized form of bronze script; same as ""
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_F53D
402 𭴄
U+2DD04

* 疑同""

(translated) Considered to be the same as ""
403 炊
U+708A chuī
Variants: 𣣛

* 烧火做饭。 ～事。～烟。巧妇难为无米之～

cook; meal
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EAF3
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_708A
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EAF393_E9D493_E9D593_E9D693_E9D793_E9D993_E9DA93_E9D8
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E43284_E43384_E43484_E43584_E436
Liushutong Seal Forms
Pre-Qin to Han seal-type forms (≤220 CE) / compiled 1661 (Min Qiji); collated and printed 1720 (Bi Hongshu)
A ten-volume compendium of seal-script variants arranged by the rhymes of Hongwu Zhengyun: each head character gives its Shuowen small seal form, then variants gathered from guwen, zhouwen, bronze inscriptions and Qin–Han seals. Long a standard reference for seal carvers, but the forms are compiled rather than excavated and were collected with little vetting, so many are of doubtful authenticity.Wikimedia Commons ->
L33_550L33_551L33_552
404 𤆧
U+241A7 tǔ

* 同""。中国人名用字

(translated) Same as "" (zào); Used in Chinese given names
405 𬉼
U+2C27C ōu

* "" 的简体字。 * 拼音ōu。 * 天旱而非常热：" 古之祭，……有时而～。"

(translated) Simplified form of 熰; describes drought and extreme heat
406 𭴈
U+2DD08

* "" 的二简字

(translated) second-round simplified form of ""
407 炢
U+70A2 zhú

* 烟出

(translated) smoke emission
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
53_E2F1
408 𤇨
U+241E8 pēi

* 同""。字， 又读pēi，～煉， 鍛煉正統道藏.鉛汞甲庚至寶集成. 卷之一.见寶靈砂澆淋長生湧泉匱 大就法，用銀硃四十兩， 煮過靈砂一十兩，依前火候日足， 同～作錠， 截塊下汞飬

(translated) same as ""
409 𫄛
U+2B11B

* "" 的类推简化字

(translated) Analogy-based simplified form of ""
410 𧗟
U+275DF
Variants: 行

* 同""

(translated) Same as ""
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_EAC141_EAC241_EAC341_EAC441_EAC541_EAC641_EAC741_EAC843_EA1143_EA1243_EA1343_EA1443_EA1543_EA1643_EA1743_EA1843_EA1943_EA1A43_EA1B43_EA1C43_EA1D43_EA1E43_EA1F43_EA2043_EA2143_EA2243_EA2343_EA2443_EA2543_EA2643_EA2743_EA2843_EA2943_EA2A43_EA2B43_EA2C43_EA2D43_EA2E
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
55_EACB55_EAC655_EAC555_EACC55_EACD55_EACE51_EA4651_EA4751_EA4555_EA5F55_EA6055_EA6155_EA6255_EA6355_EA6455_EA6555_EA6655_EA6755_EA6855_EA6955_EA6A55_EA6B55_EA6C55_EA6D55_EA6E55_EA6F55_EA7055_EA9555_EA9655_EA7155_EA7255_EA7E55_EA7355_EA7455_EA7555_EA7755_EA7855_EA7655_EA7955_EA7A55_EA7B55_EA7C55_EA7D55_EA8A55_EA8B55_EA8C55_EA8D55_EA8E55_EA8F55_EA9055_EA9155_EA9255_EA9355_EA7F55_EA8055_EA8155_EA8255_EA8355_EA8455_EA8555_EA8655_EA8755_EA8855_EA8955_EA9455_EA9855_EA9955_EA9755_EA9A55_EA9B55_EA9C55_EA9D55_EAA055_EAA155_EAA255_EAA355_EAA455_EAA555_EAA655_EA9E55_EA9F55_EAA755_EAA855_EAA955_EAAA55_EAAB55_EAAC55_EAAD55_EAAE55_EAAF55_EAB055_EAC455_EAB155_EAB255_EAB355_EAB455_EAB555_EAB655_EAB755_EAB855_EABA55_EAC955_EAC255_EAC355_EACA55_EABB55_EAB955_EABC55_EABD55_EABF55_EABE55_EAC055_EAC155_EAC755_EAC8
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EC7B81_EC7C81_EC7D81_EC7E81_EC7F81_EC8081_EC8181_EC8281_EC8381_EC8481_EC8581_EC8681_EC8781_EC8881_EC8981_EC8A81_EC8B81_EC8C81_EC8D81_EC8E81_EC8F81_EC9081_EC9181_EC9281_EC9381_EC9481_EC9581_EC9681_EC9781_EC9881_EC9981_EC9A81_EC9B81_EC9C81_EC9D81_EC9E81_EC9F81_ECA081_ECA181_ECA281_ECA981_ECAA81_ECA381_ECA481_ECA581_ECA681_ECA781_ECA881_ECAB
411 贪
U+8D2A tān
Variants: 貪

* 求多，不知足。 ～玩。～杯（过分好喝酒）。～婪。～污（利用职权非法地取得财物）。～恋（十分留恋）。～心。～图。～财。～求。～权。～欲。～得无厌。～赃枉法

be greedy, covet; covetous
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
44_E28644_E287
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
56_EE16
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_8CAA
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F7E5
412 𨑸
U+28478 ěr
Variants: 邇

* 同""

(translated) Same as ""
413 𠁭
U+2006D qí

* 参差

(translated) uneven; irregular; jagged
414 侌
U+4F8C yīn
Variants: 陰

* 同""

Semantic variant of 陰: "female" principle; dark; secret
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_F77A41_F77B41_F77C41_F77D41_F77E41_F77F41_F78041_F78141_F78241_F78341_F784
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
34_E40C34_E40E34_E40D34_E40F34_E41034_E411
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
53_F53C53_F53F53_F54057_E9A557_E9A757_E9A657_E9A857_E9A957_E9AB57_E9AA
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EE5B71_EE5C71_EE5D71_EE5E
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_971227_F62D27_E99D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_EF4584_EF4684_EF4784_EF4884_EF4984_EF4A
415 怂
U+6002 sǒng
Variants: 慫 𢠰

* 〔～恿〕鼓动别人去做某事。 * 惊，惊惧

instigate, arouse, incite
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_616B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F1FF84_F20084_F201
416 怜
U+F9AC lián
Variants: 㥕 㦭 憐 怜 𢣶

* 可怜；同情。 ～悯。～恤。可～。同病相～。 * 爱。 ～才（爱惜人才）。～念。～爱。爱～。～香惜玉（因香、玉可供玩赏，使人起怜爱之心，特指对女子的爱惜）。顾影自～

pity, sympathize
417 𪫹
U+2AAF9 yù

* 拼音yù。中国人名用字

(translated) Used in Chinese personal names
418 𣢒
U+23892 yú

* 同""

(translated) Same as ""
419 浴
U+6D74 yù
Variants: 𣴲

* 洗身，洗澡。 沐～。～室。～场。～缸。～巾。～血（全身浸于血中，形容战斗激烈）

bathe, wash; bath
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
38_E6EF38_E6F038_E6F1
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
53_E55353_E55257_E8DB57_E8DC57_E8E057_E8DD57_E8DE57_E8DF57_E8E157_E8E257_E8E3
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EBC971_EBCA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6D74
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EBC971_EBCA93_F16793_F16893_F16993_F16A93_F16B93_F16C93_F16D93_F16E93_F16F
420 𤆥
U+241A5
Variants: 灼

* 同""。来源：《 异体字网站》

(translated) Same as "", burn; scorch
421 烂

* 因过熟而变得松软。 ～糊。煮～。 * 程度极深。 台词背得～熟。 * 东西腐坏。 腐～。 * 灼伤。 焦头～额。 * 崩溃，败坏。 敌人一天天～下去。 * 破碎。 破～。～纸。 * 头绪杂乱。 ～摊子。 * 明，有光彩。 ～银枪。～漫

rotten, spoiled, decayed
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_721B27_E888
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E44084_E441
422 𬔇
U+2C507

* 金文隶定字， 同""

(translated) Clerical script form of bronze script; same as ""
423 𬘝
U+2C61D

* "" 的类推简化字

(translated) Simplified form of "" by analogy
424 𪞡
U+2A7A1 shé tú

* 拼音shé。姓

(translated) Pronunciation: shé; surname
425 剑

* 古代的一种兵器。 宝～。长～。～鞘。～术。～拔弩张（形容形势紧张，一触即发，后亦喻书法雄健）。刻舟求～

sword, dagger, saber
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_E0AA32_E0AD32_E0B032_E0AE32_E0AB32_E0B232_E0AF32_E0B132_E0AC
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_F79851_F79751_F79B56_E3F356_E3F456_E3F5
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E47771_E476
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E3CE27_528D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E8C082_E8C182_E8C282_E8C3
426 𠥴
U+20974 hán gān
Variants: 浛

* 同""

(translated) Same as ""
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_F82C
427 念
U+F9A3 niàn
Variants: 唸 廿 悥 念 𢗁

* 惦记，常常想。 惦～。怀～。～头（思想、想法）。悼～。～旧。～物。 * 心中的打算，想法，看法。 意～。杂～。信～。 * 说，读，诵读。 ～白（戏剧道白）。～叨。～经。～书。 * ""的大写。 * 姓

think of, recall, study
428 念
U+5FF5 niàn
Variants: 唸 廿 悥 念 𢗁

* 惦记，常常想。 惦～。怀～。～头（思想、想法）。悼～。～旧。～物。 * 心中的打算，想法，看法。 意～。杂～。信～。 * 说，读，诵读。 ～白（戏剧道白）。～叨。～经。～书。 * ""的大写。 * 姓

think of, recall, study
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
41_E622
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EB6433_EB6333_EB6633_EB6733_EB6533_EB6833_EB6933_EB6A33_EB6B33_EB6D33_EB6C33_EB6E
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
57_E6C757_E6C857_E6C9
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5FF5
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
93_ECBD93_ECBE93_ECBF93_ECC093_ECC1
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E75D84_E75E84_E75F84_E76084_E76184_E76284_E76384_E76484_E76584_E76684_E76784_E76884_E76984_E76A84_E76B84_E76C
Liushutong Seal Forms
Pre-Qin to Han seal-type forms (≤220 CE) / compiled 1661 (Min Qiji); collated and printed 1720 (Bi Hongshu)
A ten-volume compendium of seal-script variants arranged by the rhymes of Hongwu Zhengyun: each head character gives its Shuowen small seal form, then variants gathered from guwen, zhouwen, bronze inscriptions and Qin–Han seals. Long a standard reference for seal carvers, but the forms are compiled rather than excavated and were collected with little vetting, so many are of doubtful authenticity.Wikimedia Commons ->
L32_B10L32_B11L32_B12L32_B13L32_B14
429 𢗊
U+225CA xiè jiá

* 拼音xiè。忽略

(translated) ignore
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E908
430 恢

* 〔～复〕变成原来的样子，如"健康已经～～"。 * 弘大，发扬。 ～张。～弘。～廓

restore; big, great, immense, vast
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_EB64
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6062
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_EB6493_ECE893_ECE993_ECEA93_ECEB93_ECE7
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E788
Liushutong Seal Forms
Pre-Qin to Han seal-type forms (≤220 CE) / compiled 1661 (Min Qiji); collated and printed 1720 (Bi Hongshu)
A ten-volume compendium of seal-script variants arranged by the rhymes of Hongwu Zhengyun: each head character gives its Shuowen small seal form, then variants gathered from guwen, zhouwen, bronze inscriptions and Qin–Han seals. Long a standard reference for seal carvers, but the forms are compiled rather than excavated and were collected with little vetting, so many are of doubtful authenticity.Wikimedia Commons ->
L41_0A0L41_0A1L41_0A2L41_0A3
431 恻
U+607B cè
Variants: 惻 𢝔 𢢥

* 悲痛。 ～隐。～怛（忧伤）。～～（悲痛的样子）。凄～。～然

feel anguish, feel compassion
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
53_E4D253_E4CF53_E4D053_E4D157_E76F57_E77057_E76A57_E76B57_E76D57_E76C57_E76E
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_60FB
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E90184_E90284_E90384_E904
432 𢙊
U+2264A
Variants: 恣

* 同""

(translated) Same as unrestrained
433 𢙋
U+2264B
Variants: 𢡋

* 同""

(translated) Same as ""
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E98E
434 洃
U+6D03 huī

* 用水和画

(translated) To draw with water; to paint with water
435 测
U+6D4B cè
Variants: 測 𤂄

* 利用仪器来度量。 ～绘。～量。～控。～算。观～。 * 检定，检验。 ～试。～验。 * 料想。 推～。 * 清："漆欲～，丝欲沈"

measure, estimate, conjecture
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_EC49
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6E2C
436 𣳩
U+23CE9 zī
Variants: 𤴼

* 拼音zī。[具～] 即"具茨"， 山名，在河南荥阳

(translated) Name of a mountain, specifically referring to Juci in Xingyang, Henan province
437 𭰐
U+2DC10

* 读音su， 有姓氏"～脇"

(translated) Pronounced "su"; used in the surname "𭰐脇"
438 𤇋
U+241CB shì

* 中国人名用字

(translated) Character used in Chinese personal names
439 𥘞
U+2561E jīn

* 同""

(translated) Same as ""
440 𪫺
U+2AAFA

* 同""

(translated) Same as 憸
441 𤈚
U+2421A

* 音义未详。 疑为"" 讹字。明葉子奇《 草木子.鉤玄》：" 司馬温公之《潜虚》 五十五行，其象以丨為原， 丿丨為～，川為本…… 具五生數也 。"

(translated) Pronunciation and meaning unknown; suspected to be a corrupted form of 受
442 𥘼
U+2563C zhěn

* "" 的讹字。中国人名用字

(translated) corrupted form of ""; used in Chinese given names
443 𣷇
U+23DC7 huǒ

* 中国人名用字

(translated) Character used in Chinese personal names
444 𭴲
U+2DD32

* 同""。 见《 虚空藏菩萨问七佛陀罗尼呪经》

(translated) Same as "" (chǎo), stir-fry
445 𥃦
U+250E6
Variants: 目

* 同""

Semantic variant of 目: eye; look, see; division, topic
446 𥃱
U+250F1

* 读音nhấp [～]闪烁

(translated) twinkle; flicker; shimmer; sparkle; glisten
447 𣍞
U+2335E
Variants: 服

* 同""

Semantic variant of 服: clothes; wear, dress
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
44_E2C6
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_670D27_E711
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_F14183_F15383_F15483_F14283_F14383_F14483_F14583_F14683_F14783_F14883_F14983_F14A83_F14B83_F14C83_F14D83_F14E83_F14F83_F15083_F15183_F152
448 𦘲
U+26632 pǐ

* 同""

(translated) Same as ""
449 𠇭
U+201ED
Variants: 命

* 同""

(translated) Same as ""
450 昃

* 太阳偏西。 ～食宵衣（旧时称颂帝王勤于政事的套话，太阳偏西时才吃饭，天未亮就穿衣）。旰～（天晚，喻勤于政事）

afternoon; the sun in the afternoon sky; to decline
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_ED8942_ED8A42_ED8B42_ED8C42_ED8D42_ED8E42_ED8F42_ED9042_ED9142_ED9242_ED9342_ED9442_ED9542_ED9642_ED9742_ED9842_ED9942_ED9A42_ED9B42_ED9C42_ED9D42_ED9E
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_EEAF
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_ED3D52_ED3E56_EF7656_EF7556_EF7756_EF78
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6603
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
92_ED86
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E12D83_E12E
Liushutong Seal Forms
Pre-Qin to Han seal-type forms (≤220 CE) / compiled 1661 (Min Qiji); collated and printed 1720 (Bi Hongshu)
A ten-volume compendium of seal-script variants arranged by the rhymes of Hongwu Zhengyun: each head character gives its Shuowen small seal form, then variants gathered from guwen, zhouwen, bronze inscriptions and Qin–Han seals. Long a standard reference for seal carvers, but the forms are compiled rather than excavated and were collected with little vetting, so many are of doubtful authenticity.Wikimedia Commons ->
L12_FA0L12_FB0L12_FB1L12_FB2L12_FB3L12_FB4
451 𠆴
U+201B4
Variants: 鬧

* 同""

(translated) Same as 闹
452 𠇠
U+201E0 mài

* 同""。 * 拼音mài。 * 中国人名用字

(translated) same as ""; used in Chinese personal names
453 𠇰
U+201F0
Variants: 鬧

* 同""

(translated) Same as ""
454 𭀼
U+2D03C

* 同""

(translated) Same as ""
455 呛
U+545B qiàng qiāng
Variants: 嗆

qiāng:* 水或食物进入气管引起不适或咳嗽而突然喷出。 * 咳嗽。 * 鸟食。 * 愚蠢的样子。 ～哼。 qiàng:* 有刺激性的气味使鼻、嗓等器官感到不舒服

choke by smoke; irritates nose
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_EE6581_EE6681_EE67
456 𪠶
U+2A836 zuò

* 同""。 * 拼音zuò。 * 中国人名用字

(translated) Same as ""; Used for Chinese personal names
457 𠲇
U+20C87 bù

* 拼音bù。中国人名用字

(translated) Chinese given name character
458 𭍜
U+2D35C

* 读音cang 仓，仓库

(translated) warehouse; storehouse
459 㘴
U+3634 zuò
Variants: 坐

* 同""

(same as 坐) to sit, a seat
460 𡘈
U+21608
Variants: 哭

* 同""

(translated) same as cry
461 㫃
U+3AC3 yǎn
Variants: 偃

* 拼音yǎn。旗帜上的飘带

flags flying, long bands or ribbons attached to flags, streamers, etc. ( ancient form of 偃) to cease; to desist from
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_EE1142_EE1242_EE1342_EE1442_EE1542_EE1642_EE1742_EE1842_EE1942_EE1A42_EE1B42_EE1C42_EE1D42_EE1E42_EE1F42_EE20
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_EEE932_EEEA
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_F47B28_F47B
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E1D583_E1D683_E1D783_E1D883_E1D983_E1DA83_E1DB
Liushutong Seal Forms
Pre-Qin to Han seal-type forms (≤220 CE) / compiled 1661 (Min Qiji); collated and printed 1720 (Bi Hongshu)
A ten-volume compendium of seal-script variants arranged by the rhymes of Hongwu Zhengyun: each head character gives its Shuowen small seal form, then variants gathered from guwen, zhouwen, bronze inscriptions and Qin–Han seals. Long a standard reference for seal carvers, but the forms are compiled rather than excavated and were collected with little vetting, so many are of doubtful authenticity.Wikimedia Commons ->
L22_350L22_351L22_352L22_360L22_361
462 昑
U+6611 qǐn

* 明

bright
463 𣐮
U+2342E dāi

* 拼音dāi。出尊圣神咒语用字。（ 见《字彙補》）

(translated) Pinyin dāi; Used as a character in incantations of venerated deities
464 㰝
U+3C1D yǐ

* 咳嗽

to cough; cough
465 𣢁
U+23881 xī
Variants: 㕧

* 呻吟。也作""

(translated) groan; also written as 㕧
466 𣢂
U+23882 xī
Variants: 㕧

* 同""

(translated) same as ""
467 𣦸
U+239B8
Variants: 死

* 同""

(translated) same as "die"
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E22642_E22742_E22842_E229
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
31_F7ED31_F7F431_F7F231_F7F331_F7F531_F7F031_F7EE31_F7EF31_F7F631_F7F131_F7FD31_F7FC31_F7F831_F7F731_F7FA31_F7F931_F7FB31_F7FE31_F7FF31_F80031_F80131_F802
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
51_F69451_F69551_F69651_F69751_F69851_F69951_F69A51_F69B51_F69C51_F69D51_F6A051_F69F51_F6A651_F6A451_F6A251_F6A351_F6A551_F6A151_F6AA56_E1D556_E1DD56_E1E956_E1DC56_E1D756_E1D956_E1D856_E1DA56_E1DB56_E1D656_E1E556_E1E856_E1E756_E1E656_E1EA56_E1E156_E1E356_E1DE56_E1DF56_E1E056_E1E256_E1E451_F69E51_F6A751_F6A9
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E41871_E41371_E41671_E41071_E41571_E41771_E41A71_E41171_E41271_E41971_E414
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_6B7B27_E383
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E41071_E41171_E41271_E41371_E41471_E41571_E41671_E41771_E41871_E41971_E41A91_F66691_F66791_F66591_F66891_F66991_F66A91_F66B91_F66C91_F66D91_F66E91_F66F
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_E61B82_E61C82_E61D82_E61E82_E61F82_E62082_E62182_E62282_E62382_E62482_E62582_E62682_E62782_E62882_E62982_E62A82_E62B82_E62C82_E62D82_E62E82_E62F82_E630
468 𤰒
U+24C12

* 同""

(translated) same as ""
469 舎
U+820E she
Variants: 舍

* 古同""

house, dwelling; dwell, reside
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_E72232_E71A32_E71932_E71732_E71832_E71D32_E71E32_E71C32_E72032_E72132_E71B32_E71F32_E72332_E724
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_E32F52_E33052_E33152_E33252_E33352_E33452_E33556_E8E556_E8E656_E8E756_E8E856_E8E956_E8EE56_E8EA56_E8EB56_E8EC56_E8ED
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E55671_E55571_E55771_E55471_E558
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_820D
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_EFAF82_EFB082_EFB182_EFB282_EFB382_EFB482_EFB5
470 𨱗
U+28C57
Variants: 長

* 同""

Semantic variant of 長: long; length; excel in; leader
471 𫡥
U+2B865 dǎ

* 读音dǎ。 * 地名用字。 广东省有"～村"

(translated) Pronounced as dǎ; Used in place names
472 𠅓
U+20153 yóu

* 同""。"" 其來～～，辥作首， 鄭作，卽字也

(translated) same as ""; also written as "", ""
473 𠇫
U+201EB chǔ

* 同""。 * 拼音chǔ。 * 中国人名用字

(translated) Same as ""; Pinyin chǔ; Used in Chinese personal names
474 佱
U+4F71 fǎ
Variants: 法

* 同""

Semantic variant of 法: law, rule, regulation, statute; France, French
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
84_E24284_E24384_E24484_E24584_E24684_E24784_E24884_E24984_E24A84_E24B84_E24C84_E24D84_E24E84_E24F84_E25084_E25184_E25284_E25384_E25484_E25584_E256
Liushutong Seal Forms
Pre-Qin to Han seal-type forms (≤220 CE) / compiled 1661 (Min Qiji); collated and printed 1720 (Bi Hongshu)
A ten-volume compendium of seal-script variants arranged by the rhymes of Hongwu Zhengyun: each head character gives its Shuowen small seal form, then variants gathered from guwen, zhouwen, bronze inscriptions and Qin–Han seals. Long a standard reference for seal carvers, but the forms are compiled rather than excavated and were collected with little vetting, so many are of doubtful authenticity.Wikimedia Commons ->
LA1_6C2LA1_6D4
475 來

lái:* 小麥。 * 由彼至此；由遠到近。與""、""相對。 * 招致；招之使來。 * 搞；幹；做。用以代替意義更具體的動詞。 胡來；來一個歌；我幹不了，你來。 《二十年目睹之怪現狀》第七十回："聽説那一位小姐，雅的是琴棋書畫，俗的是寫算操作，没有一件不來的。" * 用在另一動詞前，表示要做某件事。 我來畫；你來看一下；大家都來唱歌。《水滸全傳》第二十六回："不是這個乾娘，鄰舍家誰肯來幫我？" * 用在動詞後，表示估計或著眼於某一方面。 看來容易；說來話長。宋蘇軾《滿庭芳》："蝸角虚名，蠅頭微利，算來著甚乾忙。" * 用在動詞結構（或介詞結構）與動詞（或動詞結構）之間，表示前者是方法、方向或態度，後者是目的。金董解元 * 跟""或""連用，表示可能或不可能。 * 往昔，過去。 * 未來；將來。 來日方長；繼往開來。《荀子•解蔽》："不慕往，不閔來。"又指次於今年、此月、今天的。《書•召誥》："越若來三月……太保朝至于洛。" * 表示某一時間以後。 * 表某段時間。 * 指來孫。從本身算起的第六代孫。 * 助詞。① 表示比況，相當於"一樣"、"一般"。宋辛棄疾 * 語氣詞。用於句尾，相當於""。 * 及。 * 古地名。 * 姓。 lài:* 勤勉；勸勉。 * 通""。送給；賜予

come, coming; return, returning
476 來
U+4F86 lài lái
Variants: 倈 来 猍 逨 來 𧼛

lái:* 小麥。 * 由彼至此；由遠到近。與""、""相對。 * 招致；招之使來。 * 搞；幹；做。用以代替意義更具體的動詞。 胡來；來一個歌；我幹不了，你來。 《二十年目睹之怪現狀》第七十回："聽説那一位小姐，雅的是琴棋書畫，俗的是寫算操作，没有一件不來的。" * 用在另一動詞前，表示要做某件事。 我來畫；你來看一下；大家都來唱歌。《水滸全傳》第二十六回："不是這個乾娘，鄰舍家誰肯來幫我？" * 用在動詞後，表示估計或著眼於某一方面。 看來容易；說來話長。宋蘇軾《滿庭芳》："蝸角虚名，蠅頭微利，算來著甚乾忙。" * 用在動詞結構（或介詞結構）與動詞（或動詞結構）之間，表示前者是方法、方向或態度，後者是目的。金董解元 * 跟""或""連用，表示可能或不可能。 * 往昔，過去。 * 未來；將來。 來日方長；繼往開來。《荀子•解蔽》："不慕往，不閔來。"又指次於今年、此月、今天的。《書•召誥》："越若來三月……太保朝至于洛。" * 表示某一時間以後。 * 表某段時間。 * 指來孫。從本身算起的第六代孫。 * 助詞。① 表示比況，相當於"一樣"、"一般"。宋辛棄疾 * 語氣詞。用於句尾，相當於""。 * 及。 * 古地名。 * 姓。 lài:* 勤勉；勸勉。 * 通""。送給；賜予

come, coming; return, returning
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_E96A42_E96B42_E96C42_E96D42_E96E42_E96F42_E97042_E97142_E97242_E97342_E97442_E97542_E97642_E97742_E97842_E97942_E97A42_E97B42_E97C42_E97D42_E97E42_E97F42_E98042_E98142_E98242_E98342_E98442_E98542_E98642_E98742_E98842_E98942_E98A42_E98B42_E98C42_E98D42_E98E42_E98F42_E99042_E99142_E99242_E99342_E99442_E99542_E99642_E99742_E99842_E99942_E99A42_E99B42_E99C42_E99D
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_E8DA32_E8DB32_E8DC32_F17C32_E8E032_E8DD32_E8E132_E8DE32_E8DF32_E8E232_E8E332_E8E432_E8E5
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
56_E9E056_E9DF52_E3EC52_E3EE56_E9E156_E9E256_E9E356_E9E456_E9E556_E9E656_E9E756_E9E856_E9E956_E9EA56_E9EB56_E9EC56_E9EE56_E9ED56_E9EF
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E59D71_E59E71_E59F
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_4F86
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E59D71_E59E71_E59F92_E5AD92_E5AE92_E5AF92_E5B092_E5B192_E5B292_E5B392_E5B4
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F17A82_F17B82_F17C82_F17D82_F17E82_F17F82_F18082_F18182_F18282_F18382_F18482_F18582_F18682_F18782_F18882_F18982_F18A82_F18B82_F18C82_F18D82_F18E
Liushutong Seal Forms
Pre-Qin to Han seal-type forms (≤220 CE) / compiled 1661 (Min Qiji); collated and printed 1720 (Bi Hongshu)
A ten-volume compendium of seal-script variants arranged by the rhymes of Hongwu Zhengyun: each head character gives its Shuowen small seal form, then variants gathered from guwen, zhouwen, bronze inscriptions and Qin–Han seals. Long a standard reference for seal carvers, but the forms are compiled rather than excavated and were collected with little vetting, so many are of doubtful authenticity.Wikimedia Commons ->
L30_D40L30_D41L31_F70L31_F82L31_F83L31_F84L31_F85L31_F90L31_F91L31_F92L31_F93L31_F94L31_F95L31_F96L31_FA0
477 侦
U+4FA6 zhēng zhēn
Variants: 偵 遉

* 探听，暗中察看。 ～探（a。暗中探寻机密或心情；b。做侦察工作的人）。～查。～缉（侦查缉捕）。～察。～破。～听。～讯

spy, reconnoiter; detective
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5075
478 𠈔
U+20214 shī

* 拼音shī。同""。古文""

(translated) same as ""; ancient form of ""
479 𬽾
U+2CF7E

* 同""

(translated) same as ""
480 𠈻
U+2023B

* 同""

(translated) Same as ""
481 匌
U+530C gé

* 环绕。 山川，河流，烟气环绕

(translated) surround; encircle
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
33_E6DA33_E6DB
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_E7B5
482 𠤒
U+20912
Variants: 施

* 同""

Semantic variant of 施: grant, bestow; give; act; name
483 𠤽
U+2093D

* 同""

(translated) Same as ""
484 𠩛
U+20A5B
Variants: 席

* 同""

Semantic variant of 席: seat; mat; take seat; banquet
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_5E2D27_E691
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_EA5883_EA5983_EA5A83_EA5B83_EA5C83_EA5D83_EA5E83_EA5F83_EA60
485 𫩧
U+2BA67 hán

* 同""。 * 拼音hán。 * 中国人名用字

(translated) Same as ""; Used for Chinese personal names
486 𠱦
U+20C66

* "" 的讹字

(translated) corrupted form of ""
487 唂
U+5502 gǔ
Variants: 唃

* 鸟叫

(Cant.) phonetic; in a bad mood
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
81_E8FA
488 囹
U+F9A9 líng
Variants: 囹

* 〔～圄〕监狱

prison, enclosure
489 坎

* 低陷不平的地方，坑穴。 ～井之蛙（喻知识浅陋的人）。～坷。 * 自然形成或人工修筑的台阶状东西。 土～。田～。 * 八卦之一，代表水。 * 指最紧要的地方或时机，当口儿。 这话可说到～儿上了。 * 指坏运气或被迫的处境。 今年是他的～儿。 * 同""

pit, hole; snare, trap; crisis
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_574E
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
85_E5F985_E5FA85_E5FB
Liushutong Seal Forms
Pre-Qin to Han seal-type forms (≤220 CE) / compiled 1661 (Min Qiji); collated and printed 1720 (Bi Hongshu)
A ten-volume compendium of seal-script variants arranged by the rhymes of Hongwu Zhengyun: each head character gives its Shuowen small seal form, then variants gathered from guwen, zhouwen, bronze inscriptions and Qin–Han seals. Long a standard reference for seal carvers, but the forms are compiled rather than excavated and were collected with little vetting, so many are of doubtful authenticity.Wikimedia Commons ->
L30_CA0L30_CA1L30_CA2L30_CA3L30_CB0L30_CB1
490 㝓
U+3753 kè gé
Variants: 䆟

* 同""

corresponding; equivalent, considerable; to a great extent, appropriate, (same as 凹) a hollow, concave
491 𪨧
U+2AA27

* "" 的类推简化字。 * 《八辅》 第26区， 第69字

(translated) Analogically simplified form of ""
492 峆
U+5CC6 hē

* 〔～崉（ tà ）〕山形

(translated) describing mountain shape; used to describe mountain shape in combination with 崉 (tà)
493 峇
U+5CC7 bā kē
Variants: 𡸡

kè:* 〔岌（jí～〕锤铁声 * 山洞。 * 山窟。 bā:* 〔～厘〕印度尼西亚岛名的旧译，今通作"巴厘"

cave, cavern
494 𢁭
U+2206D
Variants: 萬

* 同""

Semantic variant of 萬: ten thousand; innumerable
495 𢈈
U+22208 kē wā
Variants: 㕉 凹

* 拼音kē。同""

(Cant.) dimple
496 昣
U+6623 zhěn
Variants: 𣆋

* 明

(translated) bright
497 杴
U+6774 xiān
Variants: 㸝 檶 鍁 𣞘

* 同""

shovel; trough used to carry water
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
82_F4F7
498 𣢇
U+23887 hāi xī
Variants: 𣢑

hāi:* 微笑。清段玉裁 xī:* 同""。戏笑貌

(translated) smile; playful laughter; same as ""
499 𣥐
U+23950 lǔ lǚ
Variants: 旅 魯 𣥓

l:* 同""。 lǚ:* 同"（旅）"

Semantic variant of 魯: foolish, stupid, rash; vulgar
Oracle Bone Script
c. 1300–1050 BCE (Late Shang)
Inscriptions carved on turtle plastrons and animal bones for divination and record-keeping in the late Shang royal court; the oldest large attested corpus of written Chinese.Wikipedia ->
42_EE3E42_EE3F42_EE4042_EE4142_EE4242_EE4342_EE4442_EE4542_EE4642_EE4742_EE4842_EE4942_EE4A42_EE4B42_EE4C42_EE4D42_EE4E42_EE4F42_EE5042_EE5142_EE5242_EE5342_EE5442_EE5542_EE5642_EE5742_EE5842_EE5942_EE5A42_EE5B42_EE5C42_EE5D42_EE5E42_EE5F42_EE6042_EE61
Bronze Inscriptions
c. 1200–221 BCE (Shang–Zhou; continues into the Warring States)
Inscriptions cast or engraved on ritual bronzes, especially prominent from the Western Zhou onward; a major source for early political, ritual, and social history.Wikipedia ->
32_EF3832_EF3732_EF3932_EF3532_EF3232_EF3432_EF3332_EF3632_EF3F32_EF4532_EF3C32_EF4132_EF7A32_EF3E32_EF3B32_EF3D32_EF7132_EF3A32_EF4032_EF4332_EF4C32_EF5832_EF4D32_EF4232_EF7532_EF6532_EF7032_EF4832_EF4932_EF4A32_EF4B32_EF6E32_EF5532_EF7332_EF5632_EFC032_EF5432_EF6632_EF5732_EF6B32_EF5132_EF5932_EF6732_EF4432_EF4732_EF6932_EF6132_EF6232_EF7C32_EF6A32_EF6832_EF5C32_EF5032_EF5E32_EF5332_EF6332_EF6432_EF7432_EF5A32_EF6C32_EF7232_EF5232_EF7B32_EF5B32_EF6032_EF5F32_EF4E32_EF7E32_EF7832_EF5D32_EF7632_EF4F32_EF7D32_EF7F32_EF8032_EF6D32_EF7932_EFBF32_EFA832_EFA932_EF8632_EFB632_EFB732_EF9A32_EFB332_EF8232_EFAB32_EFA732_EF9332_EF8432_EF8732_EFB032_EFA532_EF9432_EF9532_EF8132_EFBB32_EF8C32_EF8332_EF8932_EFA132_EFA232_EF9032_EFAA32_EFA332_EFA432_EF9232_EFB232_EFB132_EF8B32_EF9F32_EFAD32_EFA032_EF9132_EF9732_EF9832_EF9C32_EF8F32_EFA632_EFB932_EF8832_EFBA32_EFAC32_EFAE32_EF9632_EF8D32_EF8A32_EF8532_EFAF32_EFB532_EF9B32_EFB4
Chu Script
c. 770–221 BCE (Chu, Spring & Autumn–Warring States)
A regional script tradition used in the state of Chu, best known from brush-written bamboo and silk manuscripts with distinctive local forms.Wikipedia ->
52_EDC152_EDC252_EDBE52_EDBF52_EDC052_EDBD
Qin Script
c. 475–206 BCE (Qin, Warring States → Qin dynasty)
Qin-area character forms attested on bamboo/wood slips (e.g., Shuihudi, deposited 217 BCE), overlapping chronologically with the standardization of seal script and the emergence of clerical tendencies.Wikipedia ->
71_E71D71_E71E
Small Seal Script
Standardized 221–206 BCE (Qin); developed earlier in Qin
The standardized seal script promulgated after Qin’s unification, based on earlier Qin seal forms and used as an empire-wide norm.Wikipedia ->
27_65C527_F035
Clerical Script
c. 300 BCE–220 CE (emerged late Warring States/Qin; dominant Han)
A practical script that evolved from late Warring States/Qin writing; it matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, favoring faster, more rectilinear strokes.Wikipedia ->
71_E71D71_E71E92_EE5B92_EE5C92_EE5D92_EE5E92_EE5F92_EE6092_EE61
Transmitted Pre-Qin Forms
Pre-Qin forms (≤221 BCE) / late 2nd century BCE onward (Han → later textual transmission)
Pre-Qin character forms preserved through later textual transmission (often discussed as the 'Old Text' / guwen tradition). Shaped by repeated copying, they can diverge from excavated Warring States materials.Wikipedia ->
83_E21A83_E21B83_E21C83_E21D83_E21E83_E21F83_E22083_E22183_E22283_E22383_E22483_E22583_E22683_E22783_E22883_E22983_E22A
500 炇
U+7087 pò
Variants: 𤆝

* 火烈

(translated) fiery
501 𤆙
U+24199 shuǐ

* 同""

(translated) Same as 兵